Carbon Dioxide Sorbed Patents (Class 95/236)
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Patent number: 7883561Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the tangential introduction of a gas-loaded liquid stream into the top of a column in which gas and liquid are separated. Entry into the column top proceeds through a conventional radially arranged port, to which, however, a special tube construction connects which ensures as smooth as possible non-turbulent flow and its tangential exit into the column top.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2006Date of Patent: February 8, 2011Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Volker Schuda, Rupert Wagner
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Patent number: 7867322Abstract: A gas cleaning system, which is operative for cleaning a process gas containing carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide, comprises a combined cooling and cleaning system (16), and a CO2-absorber. The combined cooling and cleaning system (16) comprises a first gas-liquid contacting device (50) located upstream of the CO2-absorber and operative for cooling the process gas by means of a cooling liquid, and for absorbing into the cooling liquid sulphur dioxide of the process gas, such that a cooling liquid containing sulphate is obtained. The combined cooling and cleaning system (16) further comprises a second gas-liquid contacting device (94) located downstream of the CO2-absorber and operative for removing ammonia from the process gas, which has been treated in the CO2-absorber, by means of bringing the process gas containing ammonia into contact with the cooling liquid containing sulphate.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 2008Date of Patent: January 11, 2011Assignee: ALSTOM Technology LtdInventor: Eli Gal
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Patent number: 7862788Abstract: A chilled ammonia based CO2 capture system and method is provided. A promoter is used to help accelerate certain capture reactions that occur substantially coincident to and/or as a result of contacting a chilled ammonia based ionic solution with a gas stream that contains CO2.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 2008Date of Patent: January 4, 2011Assignee: ALSTOM Technology LtdInventors: Eli Gal, Otto Morten Bade, Indira Jayaweera, Gopala Krishnan
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Publication number: 20100326277Abstract: The present invention provides a novel piperazinium trifluoroacetate compound prepared by reacting piperazine with trifluoroacetic acid and a carbon dioxide absorbent prepared by dissolving the compound in an ionic liquid or organic solvent. According to the present invention, the carbon dioxide absorbent has excellent carbon dioxide absorption capacity and low solvent loss, and the energy consumption required for the carbon dioxide absorption and desorption is significantly reduced.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 4, 2009Publication date: December 30, 2010Applicants: HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANYInventors: Sung Yeup Chung, Ki Chun Lee, Seok Jin Choi, Hoon Sik Kim, Jelliarko Palgunadi, Je Eun Kang
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Publication number: 20100326924Abstract: A method for disposal of desalination concentrated brine waste product from a desalination process provides that the desalination concentrated brine waste product is injected, along with a carbon dioxide waste product, typically into an imperviously capped porous rock formation, typically including a saline aquifer. The desalination concentrated brine waste product and the carbon dioxide waste product (i.e., which may be injected as a supercritical liquid) may be injected simultaneously or sequentially. The method provides for environmentally acceptable disposal of the desalination concentrated brine waste product and the carbon dioxide waste product.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 25, 2009Publication date: December 30, 2010Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Christos John Georgiou, Ulisses Thibes Mello
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Patent number: 7857891Abstract: Novel solvent composition for selective removal of COS from a gas stream containing same, said composition comprising a) at least one polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether of the formula (I) or 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone or a mixture of N-formylmorpholine and N-acetylmorpholine Wherein R1 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Alk is an alkylene group, branched or unbranched, having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is from 1 to 10; and b) at least one alkanolamine compound of the formula (II) or at least one piperazine compound of formula (III) wherein R3 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or the R4OH group; R4 is a branched or unbranched alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R5, independently in each occurrence, is hydrogen or an hydroxyalkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R6 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group having fType: GrantFiled: March 11, 2004Date of Patent: December 28, 2010Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Craig N. Schubert, Arnold C. Ashcraft
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Publication number: 20100319537Abstract: A system for removing carbon dioxide from an atmosphere to reduce global warming including an air extraction system that collects carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through a medium and removes carbon dioxide from the medium; a sequestration system that isolates the removed carbon dioxide to a location for at least one of storage and which can increase availability of renewable energy or non-fuel products such as fertilizers and construction materials; and one or more energy sources that supply process heat to the air extraction system to remove the carbon dioxide from the medium and which can regenerate it for continued use.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 26, 2010Publication date: December 23, 2010Inventors: Peter Eisenberger, Graciela Chichilnisky
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Patent number: 7850763Abstract: Impure carbon dioxide (“CO2”) comprising a first contaminant selected from the group consisting of oxygen (“O2”) and carbon monoxide (“CO”) is purified by separating expanded impure carbon dioxide liquid in a mass transfer separation column system. The impure carbon dioxide may be derived from, for example, flue gas from an oxyfuel combustion process or waste gas from a hydrogen (“H2”) PSA system.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 2007Date of Patent: December 14, 2010Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Vincent White, Rodney John Allam
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Patent number: 7846240Abstract: A method and system for reducing an amount of ammonia in a flue gas stream. The system 100 includes: a wash vessel 180 for receiving an ammonia-containing flue gas stream 170, the wash vessel 180 including a first absorption stage 181a and a second absorption stage 181b, each of the first absorption stage 181a and the second absorption stage 181b having a mass transfer device 184; and a liquid 187 introduced to the wash vessel 180, the liquid 187 for absorbing ammonia from the ammonia-containing flue gas stream 170 thereby forming an ammonia-rich liquid 192 and a reduced ammonia containing flue gas stream 190 exiting the wash vessel 180.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2009Date of Patent: December 7, 2010Assignee: ALSTOM Technology LtdInventors: Eli Gal, Indira Jayaweera
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Patent number: 7833328Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for carbon dioxide from air, which comprises exposing solvent covered surfaces to air streams where the airflow is kept laminar, or close to the laminar regime. The invention also provides for an apparatus, which is a laminar scrubber, comprising solvent covered surfaces situated such that they can be exposed to air streams such that the airflow is kept laminar.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2009Date of Patent: November 16, 2010Assignees: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York, Kilimanjaro Energy, Inc.Inventors: Klaus S. Lackner, Allen Wright
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Patent number: 7828883Abstract: A novel method and system of separating carbon dioxide from flue gas is introduced. Instead of relying on large temperature or pressure changes to remove carbon dioxide from a solvent used to absorb it from flue gas, the ion pump method, as disclosed herein, dramatically increases the concentration of dissolved carbonate ion in solution. This increases the overlying vapor pressure of carbon dioxide gas, permitting carbon dioxide to be removed from the downstream side of the ion pump as a pure gas. The ion pumping may be obtained from reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, thermal desalination methods, or an ion pump system having an oscillating flow in synchronization with an induced electric field.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 2007Date of Patent: November 9, 2010Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLCInventors: Roger D. Aines, William L. Bourcier
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Patent number: 7819951Abstract: A first contaminant selected from oxygen and carbon monoxide is removed from impure liquid carbon dioxide using a mass transfer separation column system which is reboiled by indirect heat exchange against crude carbon dioxide fluid, the impure liquid carbon dioxide having a greater concentration of carbon dioxide than the crude carbon dioxide fluid. The invention has particular application in the recovery of carbon dioxide from flue gas generated in an oxyfuel combustion process or waste gas from a hydrogen PSA process. Advantages include reducing the level of the first contaminant to not more than 1000 ppm.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 2007Date of Patent: October 26, 2010Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Vincent White, Rodney John Allam
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Patent number: 7819932Abstract: A method of generating hydrogen-enriched fuel gas and carbon dioxide comprising converting hydrocarbon molecules from a gaseous hydrocarbon feed stream into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, separating the hydrogen and carbon dioxide, blending the hydrogen back into the gaseous hydrocarbon feed stream to generate a hydrogen-enriched fuel gas, and utilizing the carbon dioxide for storage or sequestration. A system for generating hydrogen-enriched fuel gas and carbon dioxide comprising an inlet handling system, a syngas and water-gas shift system, a water-gas compression system, a carbon dioxide recovery system, a dehydration system, and a carbon dioxide compression system.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2008Date of Patent: October 26, 2010Assignee: Carbon Blue-Energy, LLCInventors: R. Bret Rhinesmith, Kimberly R. Gerard, Kindra Snow-McGregor, Michael W. Conder, Patrick Dixon, Frank Jarrett
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Patent number: 7811361Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for increasing an efficiency of an acid gas removal zone. The process can include sending a sour gas stream including at least one gas to a first absorber providing an overhead stream absorbing the at least one gas; withdrawing a side-stream from the first absorber and passing the side-stream through a holding tank, a side-stream fluid transfer device, and a side-stream chiller before returning the side-stream to the absorber; and passing the first absorber overhead stream to a pump-around circuit for a second absorber. Usually, the pump-around circuit may include a flash drum, a pump-around fluid transfer device and a pump-around chiller before providing a slipstream to the first absorber and another portion to the second absorber.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2009Date of Patent: October 12, 2010Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: William J. Lechnick, Lamar A. Davis, David Alden Bahr, Carla F. Roberts
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Publication number: 20100256347Abstract: Amine stabilizing agents containing an azeotrope comprising water, an alcohol, and sodium hydride. Amine stabilizing agents containing water and a liquid silica hydroxide compound. Methods of making of amine stabilizing agents where solid silicon rock and sodium hydroxide are mixed with an ammonium/water solution to produce a green liquid in a first stage of the reaction. Alcohol is added and the alcohol fraction is separated from the non-alcohol fraction to produce an alcohol fraction product and a bottom fraction that is not soluble in alcohol or organics. The agents can be added to amines for stabilizing amines in anime processing of gases, in CO2 capture, in CO2 abatement systems and in other systems where amines are utilized to remove contaminants.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 28, 2010Publication date: October 7, 2010Inventor: Mark Owen Bublitz
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Patent number: 7806965Abstract: Produced natural gas containing carbon dioxide is dehydrated and chilled to liquefy the carbon dioxide and then fractionated to produce a waste stream of liquid carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. Natural gas liquids may be first separated and removed before fractionation. After fractionation, the waste stream is pressurized and transmitted to a remote injection well for injection either for disposal of the waste stream and preferably to urge hydrocarbons toward the producing well. A hydrocarbon stream proceeds from fractionation to a methanol absorber system which removes carbon dioxide gas. The hydrocarbon stream is thereafter separated into at least hydrocarbon gas, nitrogen and helium. Some of the nitrogen is reintroduced into a fractionation tower to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbons. A methanol recovery system is provided to recover and reuse the methanol. The hydrocarbons are sold as natural gas and the helium is recovered and sold. Excess nitrogen is vented.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2008Date of Patent: October 5, 2010Inventor: Donald Leo Stinson
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Publication number: 20100224063Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide absorbent, an ionic liquid obtained by reacting amide and an organic acid and a method of using the same. The amidium-based ionic liquid of the present invention has excellent CO2 absorption capability, which is hardly reduced even with repeated use, is easy to synthesize and has low manufacturing cost thus being useful as a CO2 absorbent.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2009Publication date: September 9, 2010Applicants: Hyundai Motor Company, Kia Motors CorporationInventors: Seok Jin Choi, Jelliarko Palgunadi, Je Eun Kang, Hoon Sik Kim, Sung Yeup Chung
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Patent number: 7789945Abstract: A process for maintaining a low carbon monoxide content in a carbon dioxide product that is made in a synthesis gas purification process is disclosed. More particularly, the invention involves an improved process in which a portion of a loaded solvent is sent through a carbon dioxide absorber instead of to a series of carbon dioxide flash drums.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 2009Date of Patent: September 7, 2010Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: William J. Lechnick, Leonid Bresler, Lamar A. Davis
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Publication number: 20100222440Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of a product stream, more specifically of a product stream from an autothermal cracking process, said product stream comprising one or more olefins, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and one or more oxygenates, said process comprising contacting the product stream with at least one compound selected from those represented by formulas: (1) H2N—OR1, and (2) H2N—NR2R3, where: R1, R2 and R3 may each be independently selected from H and carbon containing substituents.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 26, 2007Publication date: September 2, 2010Inventor: Vaughan Clifford Williams
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Publication number: 20100192770Abstract: An absorption medium for removing acid gases from a fluid stream comprises an aqueous solution of A) at least one cyclic amine compound having solely tertiary amine groups and/or sterically hindered secondary amine groups and B) at least one cyclic amine compound having at least one sterically unhindered secondary amine group. The absorption medium comprises, e.g., an aqueous solution of A) 1-hydroxyethylpiperidine and/or triethylenediamine and B) piperazine. The absorption medium is particularly suitable for separating off carbon dioxide from flue gases and satisfies the following criteria: (i) sufficient capacity at low CO2 partial pressures; (ii) sufficiently rapid absorption rate at low CO2 partial pressures; (iii) stability toward oxygen; (iv) low vapor pressure for reducing solvent losses; and (v) low energy requirement for regeneration of the absorption medium.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 2, 2010Publication date: August 5, 2010Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Hugo Rafael Garcia Andarcia, Ute Lichtfers, Georg Sieder, Oliver Spuhl, Steven Brughmans
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Publication number: 20100180766Abstract: A packing structure according to the invention for a fluid contacting column forms a volume comprising an ordered arrangement of bundles of tubes of diameter ranging between 5 and 50 mm. The walls of the tubes comprise orifices which promote circulation and mixes fluids in the structure. The orifices are inscribed in rectangles whose sides range between 2 and 45 mm, and each one of the orifices extends over a surface area greater than 2 mm2.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2008Publication date: July 22, 2010Inventors: Pascal Alix, Rémi Bessettes, Charles Dumont, Jean-Pierre Maumus
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Patent number: 7758673Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing carbon dioxide and optionally hydrogen sulphide and/or COS from a gas stream containing these compounds by washing the gas with an aqueous washing solution containing water, sulfolane and a secondary or tertiary amine derived from ethanolamine. More particularly the invention relates to the process described above, the process being carried out in the presence of a primary or secondary amine compound in an amount between 0.5 and 15 wt. % based on water, sulfolane and amine. The invention further relates to an absorbent liquid to be used in the above process.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 2003Date of Patent: July 20, 2010Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Theodorus Johannes Brok, Rudolf Johannes Mathilda Groenen, Jeanine Marie Klinkenbijl, Mariette Catharina Knaap
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Publication number: 20100170397Abstract: A process of removal of CO2 from a flue gas (2). The process comprises the steps of: a) providing a flue gas comprising CO2 (2), b) contacting the flue gas of step (a) with an ammonia-comprising medium (9), to absorb CO2 from said flue gas; and c) condensing ammonia (4) present in the flue gas leaving step (b), to remove ammonia from said flue gas. A system for removal of CO2 from a flue gas. A system for removal of CO2 from a flue gas. The system comprises a CO2 absorber (1) receiving the flue gas (2) and comprising an ammonia-comprising medium (9). The system further comprises an ammonia condenser (4) receiving flue gas (3) leaving the CO2 absorber.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 25, 2008Publication date: July 8, 2010Inventor: Nader Padban
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Patent number: 7749309Abstract: Disclosed is a method for deacidifying a fluid stream containing acidic gases as contaminants, according to which the fluid stream is brought into intimate contact with a washing liquid in at least one absorption step. Said washing liquid represents an aqueous solution containing a) tertiary aliphatic alkanolamines (alkanolamine A), at least 30 percent by weight of said tertiary aliphatic alkanolamines being 3-dimethylamino-1-propanol, and b) secondary aliphatic amines (activator B), at least 20 percent by weight of said secondary aliphatic amines being piperazin. The fluid stream which has been essentially purified of the acidic gases is then separated from the washing liquid that is loaded with acidic gases.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 2003Date of Patent: July 6, 2010Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Norbert Asprion, Christoph Grossmann
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Publication number: 20100154431Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising a liquid, nonaqueous oligomeric material, functionalized with one or more groups that either reversibly react with CO2 or have a high-affinity for CO2 is provided. The absorbent may be utilized in methods to reduce carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas, and finds particular utility in power plants.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 24, 2008Publication date: June 24, 2010Applicant: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYInventors: Sarah Elizabeth Genovese, Dan Hancu, Robert James Perry, Grigorii Lev Soloveichik, Benjamin Rue Wood, Chandrashekhar Ganpatrao Sonwane
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Publication number: 20100154639Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising (i) a liquid, nonaqueous silicon-based material, functionalized with one or more groups that either reversibly react with CO2 or have a high-affinity for CO2 is provided and (ii) a hydroxy-containing solvent. The absorbent may be utilized in methods to reduce carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas, and finds particular utility in power plants.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 30, 2009Publication date: June 24, 2010Applicant: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYInventors: Robert James Perry, Michael Joseph O'Brien, Tunchiao Hubert Lam, Grigorii Lev Soloveichik, Sergei Kniajanski, Larry Neil Lewis, Malgorzata Iwona Rubinsztajn, Dan Hancu
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Publication number: 20100154637Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the purification of a gaseous mixture containing mercaptans and other acid gases comprising a stage of bringing said gaseous mixture into contact with an absorbent solution comprising an alkanolamine, a C2-C4 thioalkanol and water.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2007Publication date: June 24, 2010Inventor: SERGE CAPDEVILLE
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Patent number: 7740689Abstract: Disclosed is a formulation for the absorption of CO2, which comprises water, at least one CO2 absorption compound and a carbonic anhydrase as an activator to enhance the absorption capacity of the CO2 absorption compound. The invention also concerns the use of carbonic anhydrase, in a CO2 absorption solution to increase the CO2 absorption rate of such solution.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2006Date of Patent: June 22, 2010Assignee: CO2 Solution Inc.Inventors: Sylvie Fradette, Olivera Ceperkovic
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Publication number: 20100132556Abstract: Methods of sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) are provided. Aspects of the methods include precipitating a storage stable carbon dioxide sequestering product from an alkaline-earth-metal-containing water and then disposing of the product, e.g., by placing the product in a disposal location or using the product as a component of a manufactured composition. Also provided are systems for practicing methods of the invention.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 2, 2010Publication date: June 3, 2010Inventors: Brent R. Constantz, Andrew Youngs, Philip Brian Tuet, Sidney Omelon, Kasra Farsad, Ryan J. Gilliam, Valentin Decker, Donald W. Kirk, J. Douglas Way, Allen J. Bard, Robert Danziger, Miguel Fernandez, Cecily Ryan
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Patent number: 7727311Abstract: Installation for gas treatment by a liquid phase comprising a) a column (C) that comprises means (1) for introducing gas at one end of said column, means (9) for drawing off gas from the other end of column (C) and, from upstream to downstream in the direction of circulation of the liquid phase: a first internal (2) that comprises means for distribution of a liquid phase, a first bed (6) that comprises a packing or catalytic particles, a second internal (3) that comprises means for separating liquid/gas mixture (19, 20) that is obtained from first bed (6), first means (32, 4) for collecting and evacuating the separated liquid phase, means (100) for passing through internal (3) of the treated gas, and distribution means (31, 101) of a liquid phase with said gas, a second bed (8), second means (10) for collecting and evacuating the liquid phase at the lower outlet of column (C), b) Means for recycling the collected liquid phase.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2005Date of Patent: June 1, 2010Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Ludovic Raynal, Eric Lemaire, Jean-Louis Ambrosino
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Patent number: 7708814Abstract: Carbon dioxide contained within exhaust gas is combined with bivalent metal ions such as calcium ions or the like in concentrated salt water to form precipitated calcium carbonate and then can be expelled out. Such an environmental friendly design is realized by a bottle upside down device with a bottle neck exit on a bottom. A piston inside the device can be elevated to a top portion to produce a near vacuum air pressure inside the device. All the brine, exhaust gas, and oxygen, ozone drawn together into the device can be accelerated to form, at least, precipitated calcium carbonate to reduce carbon dioxide contained within the exhaust gas. Chemical reaction is accelerated by a high voltage discharger below the piston and by flashing a portion of water to atomize the brine. A heater can heat up the near vacuum device to accelerate chemical reaction.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2008Date of Patent: May 4, 2010Inventor: Chia-Chang Liu
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Patent number: 7708804Abstract: A process for separating carbon dioxide from a fluid containing carbon dioxide, NO2, and at least one of oxygen, argon, and nitrogen comprises the steps of separating at least part of the fluid into a carbon dioxide enriched stream, a carbon dioxide depleted stream comprising CO2 and at least one of oxygen, argon, and nitrogen and a NO2 enriched stream and recycling said NO2 enriched stream upstream of the separation step.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2007Date of Patent: May 4, 2010Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme pour l'Etude Et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Arthur Darde, Bao Ha, Jean-Pierre Tranier
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Patent number: 7699909Abstract: The present invention describes methods and systems for extracting, capturing, reducing, storing, sequestering, or disposing of carbon dioxide (C02), particularly from the air. The CO2 extraction methods and systems involve the use of chemical processes. Methods are also described for extracting and/or capturing CO2 via exposing air containing carbon dioxide to a solution comprising a base—resulting in a basic solution which absorbs carbon dioxide and produces a carbonate solution. The solution is causticized and the temperature is increased to release carbon dioxide, followed by hydration of solid components to regenerate the base.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2005Date of Patent: April 20, 2010Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Klaus S. Lackner, Frank S. Zeman
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Patent number: 7699914Abstract: A method of using a triple-effect absorption system to recover methane from landfill gas contaminated with CO2 and trace contaminates such as chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatics involves processing the landfill gas with three absorbers and a flash system. One absorber uses a solvent to absorb the trace contaminants from the landfill gas, the second absorber in conjunction with the flash system extracts CO2 from the gas, and just a first portion of that CO2 is used for stripping the trace contaminates from the solvent in the third absorber. The rest of the extracted CO2 is vented to atmosphere to prevent dampening the combustion of the trace contaminants absorbed by the first portion of CO2.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2005Date of Patent: April 20, 2010Inventors: Luke N. Morrow, Paul D. Morrow, David C. Morrow
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Publication number: 20100089232Abstract: The invention relates to a gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method and more particularly to individually fed nozzle banks including an array of nozzles configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas. An embodiment of the invention is directed towards a gas liquid contactor having a plurality of modules including a liquid inlet and outlet and a gas inlet and outlet. An array of nozzles is in communication with the liquid inlet and the gas inlet. The array of nozzles is configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets shaped to minimize disruption from a gas flow and maximize gas flow and liquid flow interactions while rapidly replenishing the liquid.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 28, 2009Publication date: April 15, 2010Applicant: Neumann Systems Group, IncInventors: David Kurt Neumann, Keith R. Hobbs, Jeffrey L. Courtright
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Patent number: 7691182Abstract: Hydrogen production is provided via integrated closed-loop processing of landfill gas (LFG) and solid biomass feedstocks such as various agricultural wastes with minimal environmental impact. LFG is purified of harmful contaminants over a bed of activated charcoal (AC) and is catalytically reformed to synthesis gas, which is further processed to pure hydrogen via CO-shift and pressure-swing adsorption stages. Biomass is gasified in the presence of steam with production of a producer gas and AC. The producer gas is mixed with LFG and is processed to hydrogen as described above. High-surface area AC produced in the gasifier is used for the purification of both LFG and producer gas. An integrated processing of LFG and biomass offers a number of advantages such as a high overall energy efficiency, feedstock flexibility, substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and production of value-added product-biocarbon that can be used as a soil enhancer.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2006Date of Patent: April 6, 2010Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Nazim Z. Muradov, Franklyn Smith, Ali Tabatabaie-Raissi
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Publication number: 20100077922Abstract: Methods of characterizing and producing compositions with negative ?13C values are provided. Aspects of the invention include characterizing source materials and process products. Aspects of the invention also include compositions that contain carbon with negative ?13C values.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2009Publication date: April 1, 2010Inventors: BRENT CONSTANTZ, James R. O'Neil, Sidney Omelon
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Patent number: 7687048Abstract: Processing schemes and arrangements for the amine treatment of high olefin content (e.g., ethylene-rich) carbon dioxide-containing streams such as for the effective separation and removal of carbon dioxide therefrom are provided. Corresponding or associated processing schemes and arrangements for the catalytic cracking of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock and obtaining light olefins substantially free of carbon dioxide via absorption-based product recovery are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2006Date of Patent: March 30, 2010Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Michael A. Schultz, Gavin P. Towler, John P. Brady, William J. Lechnick
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Patent number: 7678835Abstract: The invention relates to low-foaming gas processing compositions comprising (a) a silicone antifoam component comprising a base silicone fluid and a particulate metal oxide; (b) an emulsifying component in an amount suitable for the at least substantial emulsification of the silicone antifoam component in water; (c) a polypropylene glycol component at least partially soluble, emulsifiable, and/or dispersible in water; (d) a water-soluble or water-dispersible gas processing agent; and (e) water. The invention also relates to methods for processing a gas by treating the gas with these foam suppressing compositions.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2006Date of Patent: March 16, 2010Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Inc.Inventors: Kalman Koczo, David George Quinn
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Patent number: 7674325Abstract: An absorber (110) in a gas treatment plant (100) produces a rich solvent (116) that is flashed to produce flashed rich solvent (134D) and recycle gas (132D), wherein the recycle gas (132D) is not mixed with the absorber feed gas (112) as commonly practiced, but mixed with the rich solvent (116). Such configurations exhibit superior rich solvent loading, thereby reducing solvent circulation. Further contemplated gas treatment plants (100)may also include a regenerator (150) in which carbon dioxide from atmospheric flashed vapor (142) of the rich solvent (144) is employed as a stripping gas in a regenerator (150) to strip hydrogen sulfide from the rich solvent (144), and wherein sweet gas (114) is employed to strip the carbon dioxide from the rich solvent (144).Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2003Date of Patent: March 9, 2010Assignee: Fluor Technologies CorporationInventor: Ray Won
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Patent number: 7666251Abstract: Method of purifying a feed stream containing carbon dioxide wherein the feed stream after having been compressed and dried is partly cooled and then used to reboil a stripping column. Thereafter, the feed stream is further cooled and expanded to a lower operational temperature of the stripping column. A carbon dioxide product stream composed of the liquid column bottoms of the stripping column is expanded at one or more pressures to generate refrigeration, then fully vaporized within the main heat exchanger and compressed by a compressor to produce a compressed carbon dioxide product. Refrigeration is recovered in the main heat exchanger from a column overhead stream extracted from the stripping column within the main heat exchanger either directly or indirectly by auxiliary processing in which carbon dioxide is further separated and optionally recycled back to the main compressor used in compressing the feed stream.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 2006Date of Patent: February 23, 2010Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Minish Mahendra Shah, Henry Edward Howard
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Patent number: 7662215Abstract: A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds is provided. In one embodiment, the method includes selectively separating a feed stream (118) comprising carbon dioxide and one or more sulfur-containing compounds, including hydrogen sulfide, at conditions sufficient to produce a first stream (122) comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and a second stream (124) comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. A molar ratio of carbon dioxide to hydrogen sulfide in the first stream is greater than a molar ratio of carbon dioxide to hydrogen sulfide in the second stream, and a molar ratio of hydrogen sulfide in the first stream to hydrogen sulfide in the second stream is about 0.005 or more.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2005Date of Patent: February 16, 2010Assignee: ExxonMobil Upstream Research CompanyInventors: Christopher W. Sparling, P. Scott Northrop, Johnny E. Johnson, Jagannathan N. Iyengar, Barry M. Friedman
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Publication number: 20100024686Abstract: Compositions comprising synthetic rock, e.g., aggregate, and methods of producing and using them are provided. The rock, e.g., aggregate, contains CO2 and/or other components of an industrial waste stream. The CO2 may be in the form of divalent cation carbonates, e.g., magnesium and calcium carbonates. Aspects of the invention include contacting a CO2 containing gaseous stream with a water to dissolve CO2, and placing the water under precipitation conditions sufficient to produce a carbonate containing precipitate product, e.g., a divalent cation carbonate.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 29, 2009Publication date: February 4, 2010Inventors: Brent Constantz, Andrew Youngs, James O'Neil, Kasra Farsad, Joshua Patterson, John Stagnaro, Ryan Thatcher, Chris Camire
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Publication number: 20100005967Abstract: Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and three groups of fluorinated gases have been referred to as greenhouse gases and the most offensive gases in contributing to Global Warming This invention comprises the use of Titration and other chemical oxidation—reduction reactions in novel ways to scrub these gases from the Earth's atmosphere. The invention comprises identifying, developing, and spraying base aerosols to neutralize carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, sulphur dioxide, and similar compounds whose oxides form acids when dissolved in water vapor. Acid-base titrations result in neutralization of the acid and the base. The formation of a salt and water typically are by-products. Salt precipitates such as CACO3—calcium carbonate or limestone settle into the oceans naturally forming limestone deposits which act as homes for microscopic sea life. Carbonic acid which results from CO2 being dissolved in water produces calcium carbonate when treated with a base.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2007Publication date: January 14, 2010
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Publication number: 20100000405Abstract: A method of treating exhaust gases is described comprising the introduction of a treatment composition including or comprising a micelle encapsulating compound. A preferred embodiment the treatment comprises by volume; from about 4 to about 40 parts of an alkoxylated C16-C18 tertiary amine surfactant, from about 1 to about 15 parts of at least one carboxylic acid having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms; about 1 to 6 parts of at least one of a C6-C14 alcohol, from 0 to 10 parts of a C4 and lower alcohol, with the balance being water to create a total of about 100 parts by volume. The treatment composition may be introduced into a confined flow path for exhaust gases at a rate of 0.1 to 6% although a range above and below that may be suitable. The invention also extends to a system for treating exhaust gases comprising a confined flow path for the exhaust gases and an application arrangement for applying a treatment composition comprising or including a micelle encapsulating surfactant.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 25, 2007Publication date: January 7, 2010Applicant: Green Leader Technologies Pty Ltd.Inventors: Michael Thomas Greiner, Grahame Peter Higgs, Robert Cunningham Gardiner, Inia Wharengarangi Timu
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Patent number: 7641717Abstract: Ultra cleaning of combustion gas to near zero concentration of residual contaminants followed by the capture of CO2 is provided. The high removal efficiency of residual contaminants is accomplished by direct contact cooling and scrubbing of the gas with cold water. The temperature of the combustion gas is reduced to 0-20 degrees Celsius to achieve maximum condensation and gas cleaning effect. The CO2 is captured from the cooled and clean flue gas in a CO2 absorber (134) utilizing an ammoniated solution or slurry in the NH3—CO2H2O system. The absorber operates at 0-20 degrees Celsius. Regeneration is accomplished by elevating the pressure and temperature of the CO2-rich solution from the absorber. The CO2 vapor pressure is high and a pressurized CO2 stream, with low concentration of NH3 and water vapor is generated. The high pressure CO2 stream is cooled and washed to recover the ammonia and moisture from the gas.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 2005Date of Patent: January 5, 2010Assignee: EIG, Inc.Inventor: Eli Gal
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Publication number: 20090320682Abstract: The invention relates to an absorbent, comprising an aqueous solution (A) of at least one amino acid salt of the formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 independently from each other represent alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, R is hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, or a group R together with R1 is alkylene, M is an alkali metal, and n an integer from 1 to 6, and (B) of at least one primary alkanolamine, which is substantially free of inorganic alkaline salts. The absorbent is used in a method for removing carbon dioxide from a gas flow, particularly combustion exhaust gases. Preferred amino acid salts (A) are N,N-dimethylamino acetic acid potassium salt, N,N-diethylamino acetic acid potassium salt and N-ethyl-N-dimethylamino acetic acid-potassium salt. Preferred alkanolamines (B) are 2-aminoethanol, 3-aminopropanol, 4-aminobutanol, 2-aminobutanol, 5-aminopentanol, 2-aminopentanol and 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 27, 2007Publication date: December 31, 2009Applicant: BASF SE Patents, Trademarks and LicensesInventors: Rupert Wagner, Ute Lichtfers, Volker Schuda
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Patent number: 7637984Abstract: Increasing the economic and environmental compatibility in treatment processes in sour gas production. For 25 yr, Mobil Erdgas Erdoel GmbH (MEEG) has been treating considerable amounts of sour gas in N. Germany. In 9 fields with different gas qualities, there are ca 30 producing wells. The main processes of the sour gas production and treatment are described. The gas is dried at the well site and if the reservoir pressure is not sufficient, compressed for transportation to the central processing facility. In most cases the use of sulfur solvents is necessary at the wells. Natural gas scrubbers for the total removal of hydrogen sulfide and Claus units with downstream units to obtain sulfur are utilized. To increase the environmental compatibility and economics, a number of secondary processes have been introduced for emission control; glycol stripping; and the Purisol, Selexol, Sulfinol, and Claus processes.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 2006Date of Patent: December 29, 2009Assignee: UOP LLCInventor: Eleftherios Adamopoulos
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Patent number: 7637987Abstract: A plant includes a vacuum stripper (118) that receives a lean hydrogen sulfide-containing physical solvent (32) and in which substantially hydrogen sulfide-free stripping gas (51,52) is provided by at least one of a high-pressure flash vessel (110) and a medium pressure flash vessel (112). Contemplated configurations advantageously extend the range of use for physical solvents to treat sour gas comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, and can be used to meet most pipeline specification of 4 ppm hydrogen sulfide.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 2003Date of Patent: December 29, 2009Assignee: Fluor Technologies CorporationInventor: John Mak
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Publication number: 20090308248Abstract: An acid gas absorbent comprising a metal sulfonate, phosphonate or carboxylate of a hindered amine and a process for the selective removal Of H2S as well as other acidic components such as carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide and oxygen and sulfur derivatives of C1 to C4 hydrocarbons from mixtures containing such acidic components and CO2 using said absorbent.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 1, 2006Publication date: December 17, 2009Inventors: Michael Siskin, Alan R. Katritzky, Frank Cheng-Yu Wang