Abstract: A method for consolidating a subterranean formation to control the production of particulates therefrom. A specific consolidating solution comprised of an allyl monomer and an initiator is injected into the formation where it is allowed to set at an elevated temperature to harden and form a permeable, consolidated mass. The allyl monomer is an allyl ester selected from the group of diallyl orthophthalate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl terephthalate, diallyl benzenephosphonate, diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) and other known allyl monomers and the initiator is preferably a peroxy compound (e.g. benzoyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, etc.) or an azo compound (e.g. 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid). A diluent such as an alcohol (e.g. isopropyl alcohol or isobutyl alcohol) or a mutual solvent (e.g. ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diacetin, triacetin, acetone, etc.) and a coupling agent (e.g. an organofunctional silane) may be added if needed.

Abstract: Additives which improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuels are the reaction products of (1) diols, and (2) the product of pyromellitic dianhydride and combinations of two or more different aminoalcohols with long-chain hydrocarbyl groups attached.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the liquid phase synthesis of ethylbenzene with a zeolite designated MCM-49. The process involves the alkylation of benzene with ethylene under liquid phase conditions.

Abstract: Additives which improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuels are the reaction products of (1) diols, and (2) the product of pyromellitic dianhydride and aminoalcohols and amines with long-chain hydrocarbyl groups attached.

Abstract: A benzene-rich gasoline stream is alkylated with higher olefins in contact with a fluid bed of shape selective zeolite catalyst to produce a gasoline product stream reduced in benzene content wherein the high octane value alkylaromatics formed by benzene alkylation are of low carbon number, essentially C10-. Concurrently, a portion of olefins in the gasoline stream are converted to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons and the sulfur content of the gasoline feedstream is lowered. Besides enhancing the octane value of the feedstream, the process results in a lower Reid vapor pressure and lower sulfur content.

Abstract: This invention covers a process for converting a feed comprising at least one lower aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a corresponding ether of such an alcohol to hydrocarbon products comprising linear olefins. The process comprises contacting the feed in a reaction zone with a catalyst comprising material having a large crystal ferrierite aluminosilicate structure. An effluent is withdrawn from the reaction zone, which comprises linear olefins. Linear olefins may then be separated from the effluent. The aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to 3 carbons is generally methanol and the preferred ether is dimethyl ether. ZSM-35 is the preferred large crystal ferrierite structure of this invention.

Abstract: A metallized multilayer film made from a polymer substrate, preferably polypropylene, is modified by a maleic anhydride modified propylene polymer which can be located on a surface of the substrate or incorporated within the substrate has a skin layer of polyvinyl alcohol which is capable of being metallized.

Abstract: Aliphatic feeds are converted to olefins and/or aromatics in a multi pressure reactor system. A high pressure first stage reactor generates much or all of the hydrogen needed to reduce catalyst coking in lower pressure downstream reactors. High pressure operation protects catalyst stability in the first reactor, while produced hydrogen helps protect downstream catalyst. Low pressure downstream operation improves yields.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the continuous highly selective skeletal isomerization of linear olefin-containing organic feeds to iso-olefins over constrained intermediate pore zeolites, e.g., ZSM-35, using multiple parallel reactors.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers in C.sub.4 + hydrocarbon streams rich in isoolefins, typically containing catalyst deactivating amounts of dienes and/or compounds containing heteroatoms. The process is especially advantageous in extending the cycle length for the zeolite catalyzed etherification of isoolefins in C.sub.4 + FCC gasoline by reducing catalyst aging. It has been discovered that if hydrogen is cofed with the alkanol and C.sub.4 + isoolefin rich feedstreams to an etherification reaction catalyzed by acidic zeolite wherein the zeolite has been impregnated with a noble metal the rate of catalyst aging or deactivation is substantially lowered. The process is especially effective, i.e., catalyst aging is particularly reduced, when hydrogen is cofed to an etherification reaction using acidic zeolite Beta catalyst containing palladium.

Abstract: Novel star-branched polymers in which the arms are each a polymer of an anionically polymerizable monomer consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising p-tert-butylstyrene (t-BS) coupled with a polyalkenyl coupling agent. Certain of the foregoing star-branched polymers, e.g., wherein the arms are a homopolymer of t-BS and the coupling agent is divinylbenzene (DVB), are useful as additives to functional fluids, particularly hydrocarbon lubricating oils, for the purpose of improving their viscometric properties.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon oligomer and a process for its production is disclosed that is useful as a pour point depressant and as a combination pour point depressant and viscosity index improver for mineral oil or synthetic oil. The oligomer is also useful in modifying wax crystal formation at low temperature when added to distillate fuels. The oligomer is a near linear copolymer of a mixture of ethylene and C.sub.3 -C.sub.28 1-alkenes, or only 1-alkenes, wherein a large proportion of the pendant alkyl groups of the recurring 1-alkene monomer units contain between 14 and 22 carbon atoms. The oligomer is produced by polymerization of mixed 1-alkenes with reduced chromium oxide catalyst on silica support.

Abstract: A process is provided for selective catalytic conversion of certain hydrocarbon feedstocks to product rich in para-dialkyl substituted benzenes. The catalyst required in the process comprises a crystalline material having the structure of PSH-3, MCM-22 or MCM-49, or a mixture of said crystalline materials, said crystalline material having been treated with one or more monomeric or polymeric siloxane compounds which decompose to oxide or non-oxide ceramic or solid-state carbon species.

Abstract: A polymeric film structure having improved oxygen and moisture barrier characteristics is disclosed. The structure includes a polymeric substrate adapted to receive an oxygen barrier on one side thereof and a moisture barrier on the other side of the oxygen barrier. The oxygen barrier includes polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with aldehyde containing cross-linking agents in the presence of a catalytic amount of an inorganic acid, preferably sulfuric acid. The moisture barrier is a metallized polymeric composite, preferably metallized oriented polypropylene.

Abstract: A process is presented for the hydration of light olefins to produce C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 aliphatic alcohols with improved selectivity, catalyst productivity and catalyst stability. Acidic medium pore, shape selective metallosilicate catalyst particles are contacted with a feedstream containing light olefin plus water at elevated temperature above the dew point of water, i.e., in a gas phase, wherein the reaction mixture is essentially starved with respect to the mole ratio of water to C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 light olefin. Isopropanol is produced at a selectivity greater than 70 weight percent when the mole ration of water to propylene is between 0.05 and 0.499. Zeolite ZSM-5, ZSM-23, ZSM-35 and ferrierite are preferred catalysts.

Abstract: A process for reducing the mutagenicity of a polynuclear aromatic containing material containing from three to seven fused aromatic rings, especially a hydrocarbon refinery stream. The process reduces the initial mutagenicity index to a lower value by alkylating the compound with an alkylating agent which introduces an alkyl substituent having from three to five carbon atoms into the aromatic compound in the presence of an acid catalyst under alkylation conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus for lubricating an operating component of a system in which the operating component is exposed to a range of conditions, such as a range of temperatures, which require adjustment of at least one physical property of the lubricant is described. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the operating component is located within a lubricant reservoir which contains a first lubricant of low density and high viscosity and a second lubricant of higher density and lower viscosity. During certain operating conditions, the lubricants are at least partially immiscible, usually at lower temperatures, and the first lubricant is appropriate for those operating conditions. A change in at least one operating condition which promotes at least partial miscibility of the lubricants, such as higher temperatures, causes the first and second lubricants to mix, at least partially, and form a third lubricant.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of MCM-49 in catalytic cracking. Large amounts of light olefins are produced.

Abstract: A cold sealable emulsion-polymerized polymer cohesive formulation for coating a polyolefin film, preferably polypropylene, which has low surface tack characteristics and low blocking tendencies to an acrylic-based formulation prepared from the emulsion polymerization of acrylonitrile and one or more of a first soft monomer and a second functional monomer. A first soft monomer is any one of ethyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, iso-octyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, 1,3-butadiene, vinylacetate and vinylidene chloride, and a second monomer is any one of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, sulfoethyl methacrylate and maleic acid. The monomers are combined in weight percent amounts sufficient to achieve a glass transition temperature of at least about -35.degree. C.

Abstract: Reaction products, in which aromatic acid bis(polyether ester) is added to succinimides, are effective antioxidants, dispersants, and detergents for fuels and lubricants.