Abstract: An atomizer and method of atomization featuring prevention of spray collapse by use of critical spacing of atomizer features is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for removal of H.sub.2 S from gaseous streams is described, the process being characterized by division of the gaseous stream into major and minor portions, oxidation of the H.sub.2 S in the major portion with an oxidizing reactant solution comprising a polyvalent metal chelate or chelates of nitrilotriacetic acid, and utilization of the minor portion as a source of hydrogen ions to assist precipitation of ferrous oxalate from a bleed stream of the oxidizing reactant solution.

Abstract: A process for the removal of oxalate ion from solutions containing polyvalent metal chelates of nitrilotriacetic and the decomposition products thereof is described, the process being characterized by the addition to such solutions of sufficient composition capable of providing hydrogen ion to precipitate ferrous oxalate, but not remove the bulk of the polyvalent metal chelate or chelates of nitrilotriacetic acid.

Abstract: A process for distilling and condensing a multi-component liquid is described, the process being characterized by the use of a portion of the uncondensed vapor in achieving more efficient heat utilization. In a principal embodiment, the multi-component liquid is distilled to produce an overhead vapor, and the vapor is condensed to produce a condensate and a partially cooled vapor. The partially cooled vapor is separated into major and minor portions, the bulk of the major portion is condensed to produce a condensation effluent, and the condensation effluent (comprising liquid or liquid and vapor) is contacted in a contacting zone with the minor portion of partially cooled vapor. The contacting produces a liquid which is collected in an accumulation zone.

Abstract: A process for the distillation and condensation of a multi-component liquid is described, the process being characterized by the contacting of a warm portion of the overhead vapor with a cool liquid portion of the overhead to achieve a higher accumulator liquid temperature. In a principal embodiment, a multi-component liquid is distilled, the overhead vapor is separated into major and minor portions, and the bulk of the major portion is condensed. Liquid is separated from the remaining vapor of the major portion, and the separated liquid is divided into major and minor fractions. The major fraction of liquid is collected in an accumulation zone, and is contacted in the accumulation zone with at least the bulk of the minor portion of overhead vapor. Vapor from the accumulation zone is contacted with the minor fraction of liquid in a contacting zone.

Abstract: A process for the distillation and condensation of a multi-component liquid is described, the process being characterized by the utilization of a portion of the condensate in achieving increased separation of components of no-condensed vapor. In a principal embodiment, the overhead from a distillation column is cooled, condensing a portion thereof, and the condensed portion is accumulated in an accumulation zone. A first liquid stream is removed from the accumulation zone for reflux, while a second liquid stream is cooled, and then contacts, in a separate zone, the uncondensed portion of the overhead. The contacting absorbs and condenses components of the vapor, and the second liquid and absorbed components are collected in the accumulation zone.

Abstract: A process for distilling and condensing a multi-component liquid is described, the process being characterized by the use of a portion of uncondensed vapor in achieving more efficient heat utilization. In a principal embodiment, a multi-component liquid is distilled to produce an overhead vapor, the vapor is partially condensed, and the vapor-condensate is separated into a minor liquid fraction and a major vapor-liquid portion. The major vapor-liquid fraction is then separated into vapor and liquid, and the liquid therefrom is accumulated in an accumulation zone. The separated vapor is then contacted with the minor liquid fraction in a contacting zone, thereby absorbing the vapor and transferring its heat to the liquid fraction.

Abstract: A cyclic process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide, from a variety of gas streams is disclosed. The gas stream containing the sour gas(es) is contacted with an aqueous solution of a specific reactant ligand or chelate, or mixtures thereof, optionally in an absorbent, containing specific stabilizers for improvement of chelate life. The hydrogen sulfide is converted to sulfur, CO.sub.2 may be absorbed to produce a purified gas stream, and the reactant chelate is reduced. The process includes sulfur removal and regeneration of the reactant chelate.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams is described, the process being characterized by the utilization of washing solutions containing oxidizing polyvalent metal chelates of specified aminocarboxylic acids, and by the electrolytic regeneration of spent solutions. Use of an optional CO.sub.2 -selective absorbent in the washing solution is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of nitrilotriacetic acid values from solutions containing polyvalent metal complexes of nitrilotriacetic and the decomposition products thereof is described, the process being characterized by the addition to such solutions of sufficient strong acid to dissociate the complex under conditions to precipitate the nitrilotriacetic acid.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams is disclosed, the process being characterized by the use of a washing or contacting solution containing oxidizing polyvalent metal chelates of specified aminocarboxylic acids, the electrolytic regeneration of spent solution, and the co-production of hydrogen. Provision is also made for selective absorption of CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams is disclosed, the process being characterized by the use of a washing or contacting solution containing oxidizing polyvalent metal chelates of nitrilotriacetic acid, the electrolytic regeneration of spent solution, and the co-production of hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams is disclosed, the process being characterized by the utilization of washing solutions containing oxidizing metal chelates of nitrilotriacetic acid, and by the electrolytic regeneration of the spent solutions.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams is described, the process being characterized by the utilization of washing solutions containing oxidizing polyvalent metal chelates of nitrilotriacetic acid, and by the regeneration of the spent solutions in a fuel cell mode.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams is described, the process being characterized by the utilization of washing solutions containing oxidizing polyvalent metal chelates of specified amino-carboxylic acids, and by the regeneration of the spent solutions in a fuel cell mode.

Abstract: An improved process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from sour gas streams in which the H.sub.2 S is converted to sulfur by a polyvalent metal chelate solution is disclosed, the process being characterized by the washing of the product sulfur with an aqueous wash solution, and recovery of the acid precursor of the chelating agent from the washing solution.

Abstract: A cyclic process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide, from a variety of gas streams is disclosed. The gas stream containing the sour gas(es) is contacted with an aqueous solution of a specific reactant ligand or chelate, or mixtures thereof, optionally in an absorbent, containing a stabilizer selected from specified bisulfites for improvement of chelate life. The hydrogen sulfide is converted to sulfur, CO.sub.2 may be absorbed to produce a purified gas stream, and the reactant chelate is reduced. The process includes sulfur removal and regeneration of the reactant chelate.

Abstract: A cyclic process for the removal of H.sub.2 S from gas stream is disclosed, the process being characterized by reaction of the H.sub.2 S to sulfur employing specific aqueous solution reactants, and by recovery of the sulfur employing specific extractants.

Abstract: A process for the removal of H.sub.2 S and COS from gas streams containing high concentrations of H.sub.2 S is described, the process being characterized by close integration of absorption and reaction techniques. In particular, the bulk of the H.sub.2 S is first absorbed from the gas stream, the balance being removed by oxidation after treatment of the stream to hydrolyze the COS.

Abstract: A process of quenching an effluent containing materials having a tendency to coke is disclosed, the process being characterized by the quenching of the effluent in a quench zone wherein heat is transferred from the effluent through at least one heat exchange tube wall, and through a solid heat transfer medium surrounding the tube and in contact with the tube, to water, the temperature of the wall being maintained above the dew point of materials having a tendency to coke partly by the provision of the solid heat transfer medium which increases gradually in thickness from a point at or near the entry of the tube to a point at or near the exit of the tube.