Abstract: A multi-stage login procedure and system involves a first stage in which a login ID and a public key (encrypted) is transmitted from a client computer to a server computer and a key-exchange key (encrypted) is provided from the server computer to the client computer. In a second stage, a first split symmetric key and a server authentication string is generated and encrypted by the client computer and then transmitted to the server computer. In addition, the server computer generates a second split symmetric key and combines the same with the first split symmetric key to obtain a complete symmetric key for encrypting further communications from the server to the client computer. The server also generates a client authentication string, encrypts the same and transmits the encrypted string, the server authentication string (encrypted and incremented) and the second split symmetric key (encrypted) to the client computer.

Abstract: A shared device environment having multiple nodes (4a-4c), each node containing a computer (6a-6c), an adaptor (8a-8c) and multiple storage devices (10a-10c). Adaptors (8a-8c) facilitate read access to storage devices (10a-10c) such that the data records accessed are the latest version data records. Adaptors (8a-8c) are operative to provide the latest version of data blocks requested by computers (6a-6c) by first searching the read cache of each adaptor for data blocks requested by computers (6a-6c). If the requested data blocks are not found in the read cache of any adaptors, then data structures (155, 156 and 158) within the adaptors are searched for any data blocks waiting to be added to the read cache of any adaptors. If no data blocks are found, then the read access is conducted directly from the storage device itself.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for implementing a transmission connection. In accordance with the method, symbols (DATA_IN) are formed from the bit stream to be transmitted, carriers are generated on several different frequency bands, and the bit stream is transmitted with the aid of the carriers by dividing the formed symbols between the carriers in such a way that each carrier is modulated with some of the bits in the bit stream. To enable implementation of modulation and demodulation in such multicarrier systems with as simple and efficient equipment as possible, the modulated carriers are first generated on the transmitter side each separately on predetermined first frequencies, whereafter at least some of the carriers are supplied to a halfband filter bank (64) transferring at least some of the carriers supplied to it to their final frequency bands in the frequency domain and combining said carriers to its output. Halfband filter bank is also used in the receiver.

Abstract: A computer program storage medium readable by a computing system and encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process for the treatment of data obtained from synchronized electrocardiogram tomoscintigraphy, said data being correlated to image giving the activity of a heart comprising auricles, ventricles, valves and septum, said image comprising at least: (a) a first portion consisting of the pixels showing the auricles and ventricles during the cardiac cycle, each cycle comprising successive time bins with an end-systole time and end-diastole time, and (b) a second portion consisting of pixels substantially not involved with said cardiac activity.

Abstract: A system and method for testing and initializing a memory including multiple memory banks or a memory module partitioned into logical memory units. A plurality of memory exerciser testers are provided, one for each of the plurality of memory banks. Each of the memory exerciser testers includes an address generator to generate a sequence of memory bank addresses to successively address each of the memory banks in a cyclic manner, while each of the address generators concurrently addresses a different one of the memory banks. A data pattern generator is coupled to a corresponding one of the address generators to receive a data pattern control signal upon each output of each of the memory bank addresses generated by its corresponding address generator. The data pattern generator outputs a unique data pattern to the memory bank identified by the memory bank address in response to each occurrence of the data pattern control signal.

Abstract: In the method in accordance with the present invention, the subscriber identifier to be sent to the transmission network is encrypted using a cipher key common to a specific group of subscribers, and a random number is attached to the identifier to be sent to the network. For example, a subscriber group may consist of the subscribers to a single given operator. The section of the identifier specifying the subscriber group is sent to the network in a non-encrypted format, in which case the network is able to direct the encrypted message to such a network element where it can be deciphered.

Abstract: In a TDMA cellular mobile communications system the radio interface between a mobile station and a base station consists of traffic frames which include several time slots in which in one time slot of an uplink direction frame the mo-bile stations can transmit in an access burst a request to the network to be assigned a radio connection for traffic. A repeater is added in the system through which the radio connection between the base station and the mobile station can pass, if necessary. The repeater converts the carrier wave frequency used by the base station to the carrier wave frequency used by the mobile station, and the carrier wave frequency used by the mobile station to the carrier wave frequency used by the base station. The repeater adds its own burst to the access burst of the mobile station, the said burst including the information which identifies the repeater.

Abstract: The invention relates to the implementation of multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals. The multiplexing and demultiplexing are carried out by using the same waveguide phased array component (WGA). On the first side, the component comprises at least an input port and an output port (IG, OG), and on its second side a first group of ports that constitute the demultiplexer function output ports, and a second group of ports that constitute the multiplexer function input ports. An optical input signal is applied to the input port, such an input signal comprising a number of signals each at its own wavelength, the input signal is demultiplexed in the component and the demultiplexed signals are coupled to ports of the first group. The signals to be multiplexed are applied to ports of the second group and the multiplexed signal is coupled to the output port (OG).

Abstract: According to the invention, a pilot signal 4 is transmitted from a base station on each available carrier. This is done for each available carrier and in every time slot of the carrier irrespective of whether or not a useful signal is transmitted in the time slot. The pilot signal contains a limited quantity of information concerning the base station, such as information about the radio interface. The information is time slot synchronized so that the same information is transmitted in every time slot. The pilot signal level varies, and in time slots which are in traffic use it is suitably lower than the level of the useful signal 1 proper, but in idle time slots it has a very low static level. It has the same band width Df as the normal useful signal. However, it is coded in a different way than the useful signal and in such a way that although it almost drowns in noise, it can still be extracted from the noise.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing predictive failure analysis using the resistance of a sensor such as a MR, GMR, spin valve or wear sensor. A baseline measurement of resistance for at least one sensor of a disk drive is obtained, subsequent measurements of resistance for the at least one sensor of a disk drive are periodically obtained and the subsequent measurements and the baseline measurement to identify a detrimental change to the at least one sensor are processed. The processing further includes comparing a subsequent resistance measurement for the at least one sensor to the baseline measurement of resistance for the at least one sensor to detect a head/disk interface problem and flagging the file for corrective action when the head/disk interface problem is detected. Alternatively, the processing further includes determining a change in stripe height based upon the difference between the baseline measurement of resistance and the subsequent measurement of resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for amplifying an optical signal and to an amplifier unit (OFA) to which an optical input signal comprising a plurality of wavelength channel signals each at its dedicated wavelength is supplied. In the method, (a) demultiplexing is carried out to separate each wavelength channel signal from the input signal, (b) a first multiplexing is carried out, combining each separated wavelength channel signal with a separate pump signal, (c) each combination of a wavelength channel signal and pump signal is guided to its dedicated amplifier means (FA1 . . . FA4), and (d) the pump signals are separated from the amplified wavelength channel signals obtained from the amplifier means and a second multiplexing is carried out, combining the amplified wavelength channel signals into an outgoing WDM signal.

Abstract: The objective of the invention is a backplane bus especially for equipment cabinets which allows an increase of the bus transmission capacity and this way a considerable increase in the number of plug-in units connected to the bus. The bus is divided physically into two bus segments A and B. The segments are combined into one logical bus by bridging, but so that the bridging function is not performed on the bus but with a plug-in unit (4A, 4B) which is connected to the bus at the point of division and which performs the bridging functions. The plug-in unit makes sure that when a plug-in unit located in the first half of the bus is transmitting to a plug-in unit located in the second half of the bus, the transmission time slot will be properly mapped into the reception time slot of the target plug-in unit in the second bus and vice versa.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for implementing transmission in a mobile network in which base stations (BTS) communicate through a transmission network with a base station controller (BSC) and through a radio path with mobile stations (MS).

Abstract: In cellular radio systems re-paging of a mobile station (MS) loads the mobile communications network very much, especially the limited radio path resources of the network. The present invention concerns a paging method in a cellular radio system including several cells (C1-C10). In the method a first paging of the mobile station (MS) is performed in all cells (C1-C10) of the area according to the stored location information. According to the invention, the paging method is characterized in that in the method the area according to the location information is divided according to the cell division into at least two sub-areas, each one of which is formed of at least one cell, limitation values for the number of pagings are defined for the cells on a sub-area basis and re-paging of the mobile station is limited in each cell of the area based on the said limitation values for the number of pagings.

Abstract: When implementing services compiled of service independent building blocks (SIB) in an intelligent network, the SIB parameters to be relayed in computer instructions are replaced with a global data structure, whereby no parameters at all are transferred in the instruction call. Having no parameters means that each SIB receives the parameters it needs from one global variable. The global variable is visible to all SIBs, whereby each individual SIB fetches the parameters it requires from it. As regards some SIBs it is rather certain that they will remain unchanged and thus really service independent, but for some there is no such certainty, and for this reason the SIBs may be divided logically into two groups: assisting and performing SIBs respectively. Parameters of the performing SIBs are not relayed in the sub-programme call, but in one or several global data structure variables.

Abstract: The invention concerns data transmission method for implementing a transmission connection. The transmission connection comprises a transfer media (11) and transceivers (A, B) located at opposite ends of the connection. In the method the transceivers operate in time domain in consecutive cycles (T) each of which is composed of the following parameters: (a) a transmission interval (Tr) whose length corresponds substantially to the length of the burst to be transmitted, (b) a switching interval (t1) during which the transceiver switches from transmission interval to reception interval, (c) a reception interval (Rc) whose length corresponds substantially to the length of the burst transmitted by another transceiver, and (d) a switching interval (t2) during which the transceiver switches from the reception interval to the transmission interval. The propagation time &tgr; of the burst across the connection is determined before the transfer of payload data is started.

Abstract: A system and method for managing the flow of data transfer requests from requesting devices to associated data transfer interconnection circuitry in a data processing system. Data transfers are initiated with data transfer requests that identify a data input queue and data output queue for which the data is to be transferred. The data transfer requests are issued from one or more requesting devices in the system. The data transfer requests are queued at a first queuing level. Within the first queuing level, data transfer requests identifying like data input queues are queued together, yet separate from data transfer requests identifying a different data input queue. Each of the data transfer requests from each of the queues in the first queuing level are transferred to a second queuing level to be queued according to the data output queue identified in the data transfer request. Each queue in the second queuing level stored only those data transfer requests identifying like data output queues.

Abstract: An optical circulator has a single focusing element to couple light between the circulator components and two optical fibers. The optical elements The input face of the first birefringent element of the circulator is adapted for the non-parallel light paths resulting from the single focusing element, while maintaining an essentially in-line geometry.