Abstract: In the fuel cell (FC) system comprising a FC and a rechargeable battery, a demand power of the FC is calculated by subtracting the charge power to the battery from a demand power signal which indicates the demand value of a load current and using the result. Accordingly, the charge current is never supplied to the battery which is charged to the maximum ratio, which prevents the utilization ratio of the fuel cell from decreasing and which prevents the battery from overcharge. On the other hand, the battery which is discharged to the minimum ratio does not output the discharge power but the charge power is supplied to the battery. Accordingly, it prevents the battery from over discharge.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes input circuits which capture respective data pieces from an exterior of the device in synchronization with respective clock signals supplied from the exterior of the device, a pulse signal generation circuit which generates a pulse signal, and drive circuits which supplies the respective data pieces captured by the input circuits to internal circuitry at a unified timing corresponding to the pulse signal.

Abstract: A bed air bag deterrent apparatus for deterring a bed occupant from getting out of bed without assistance of a caregiver, including a deterrent device mounted on a bed frame and activated by a detection system to deter or delay the bed occupant from getting out of bed, a detection system having a detector for detecting when the bed occupant is attempting to get out of bed, and a control mechanism to for controlling the detection and deterrent systems. The deterrent device has an inflatable air bag mounted on the long side of a horizontally displaced rectangular support frame that is positioned on the horizontal surface of a bed frame. The detection system includes transmitters, sensors and pressure-sensitive bed occupancy pads for detecting the bed occupant. The control mechanism includes a bed occupancy monitor and audio system.

Abstract: A plasma display panel comprises a front substrate plate; a back substrate plate arranged opposite to the front substrate plate with an electric discharge space formed therebetween; a plurality of partition walls dividing the discharge space into a plurality of discharge cells; and a plurality of fluorescent layers each covering the bottom and side surfaces of each discharge cell. In particular, each of the partition walls has a T-shaped cross section.

Abstract: A solar cell module including a plurality of solar cell elements 1 sealed by EVA resin between a front surface glass 20 and a rear surface member 5 is provided with a sodium diffusion preventing layer of a PET film 6 of a smaller water vapor transmission rate than those of the EVA sheets 3, 4 interposed between the front surface glass 20 and the solar cell elements 1.

Abstract: A phase adjustment circuit delays an external clock signal to generate an adjusted clock signal. A phase comparator compares phases of the external clock signal and the adjusted clock signal, and outputs a phase adjustment signal for adjusting a delay time of the phase adjustment circuit. A data output circuit outputs read data to a data terminal in synchronization with the adjusted clock signal. A data input circuit receives write data supplied to the data terminal, in synchronization with the adjusted clock signal. When performing input of the write data and output of the read data successively, switching control between the input operation of the write data and the output operation of the read data only has to be completed within one clock cycle. The clock cycle can thus be reduced to the time required for the switching control. Consequently, maximum frequency of the external clock signal can be increased.

Abstract: A seal in a fuel cell for sealing a membrane electrode assembly comprises a pair of catalytic electrode layers, a polymerized electrolytic membrane held between the catalytic layers, and a gas diffusion layer layered on the outer surface of the catalytic electrode layer. The seal is integrally formed with the polymerized electrolytic membrane. The height thereof is greater than that of the gas diffusion layer. The difference between the heights of the polymerized electrolytic membrane and the gas diffusion layer is constant.

Abstract: When a plurality of commands are received in succession to read/write data from/to memory cells in accordance with the combination of these commands, a word line for controlling the transfer switches of the memory cells are activated after the reception of one of the commands excluding the first command. This allows control circuits for activating the word lines to be operated at a lower frequency than heretofore, with a reduction in power consumption. Moreover, the word lines are activated based on an address signal that is supplied along with the first command as well as a part of an address signal supplied along with one of the commands excluding the first command. Consequently, the memory region to be selected by these address signals can be smaller, with a reduction in power consumption.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealing system for implementing an optimum temperature profile for solder melting and improving productivity, and a sealing method therefor. The present invention comprises a sealing machine for superimposing a pre-soldered cap onto a package on which an electronic device element is mounted, a multi-clip for receiving and holding a plurality of sets of the packages and caps superimposed by the sealing machine in batch, and a sealing furnace for heating the plurality of sets held in batch by the multi-clip, and generating a plurality of electronic devices in batch by melting the previously applied solder and sealing the plurality of sets of packages and caps. According to the present invention, the plurality of sets of the packages and caps held in batch by the multi-clip are heated and sealed, therefore the sealing efficiency of the packages and caps can be improved.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, a testing method and a refresh control method having a temperature detecting function to detect a predetermined temperature with little dispersion and to optimize the acting state in accordance with the predetermined temperature detected. The semiconductor device includes at least a memory cell, a refresh control circuit for switching the refresh period tREF of the memory cell, and a temperature detecting unit to be biased with a bias voltage VB+ coming from a voltage bias unit including a reference unit and a regulator unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer-grafted natural fiber used for the preparation of composite materials. The invention relates in particular to a process for making such polymer-grafted natural fibers.

Abstract: A position control system includes a PID controller for generating a current target value of a linear motor from a difference between a positional detected value and a positional command value, and a disturbance observer. The disturbance observer includes a signal processing unit comprising a filter for filtering a torque command value for a motor drive and an input torque estimating filter carrying out estimation for obtaining an estimated input load torque from the detected positional value. An inverse model of a motor torque constant calculates an estimated disturbance load torque from the difference between the filtered torque command value and the estimated input load torque and generates a correction value for the current target value so as to cancel a disturbance torque on the basis of the estimated disturbance load torque being calculated.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit which generates an oscillator signal that ensures the generation of a stable internal supply voltage. The oscillator circuit has a periodic circuit which includes a switch circuit. A method of controlling the oscillator circuit includes the steps of operating the periodic circuit using the switch circuit in response to a first control signal when the first control signal is in a first state to generate a first oscillator signal having a first frequency, and operating the periodic circuit using the switch circuit in response to a second control signal when the first control signal is in a second state to generate a second oscillator signal having a period synchronized to a period of the second control signal having a second frequency.

Abstract: A blade for an axial-flow turbine includes an intrados producing a positive pressure between a leading edge and a trailing edge, and an extrados producing a negative pressure. The intrados is formed at its rear portion with a flat surface portion connected to the trailing edge, and the extrados has a curved surface portion formed at least at a portion corresponding to the flat surface portion. The trailing edge of the turbine blade is pointed at its end. The angle of intersection between the intrados and the extrados at the trailing edge is a right angle or an acute angle. Thus, it is possible to inhibit the flowing of a gas from the intrados at the trailing edge toward the extrados and to decrease the degree of curvature of the extrados at the trailing edge portion to reduce the flow speed, thereby minimizing a shock wave generated at the trailing edge portion to reduce the pressure loss and enhance the performance of the turbine.

Abstract: A remaining charge detecting system of an electric double layer capacitor to be usable, for example, as an energy source of a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor separately driving wheels. The system includes a current-voltage sensor which generates an output indicative of a terminal voltage across terminals of the capacitor and an output indicative of charge/discharge current charged into and discharged from the capacitor and an electronic control unit, comprising a microcomputer, which inputs the outputs of the current-voltage sensor indicative of the terminal voltage and charge/discharge current and calculates a remaining charge of the capacitor based on a state equation (mathematical model) having the remaining charge of the capacitor as a state variable and an observer that observes the state equation, thereby enabling simple and accurate detection of the remaining charge of the electrical double layer capacitor without need for a high-precision current sensor.

Abstract: Fluoroelastomers curable by ionic route based on vinylidene fluoride (VDF) comprising: a) 100 parts by weight of fluoroelastomer based on vinylidene fluoride (VDF) substantially polar end group free; b) from 0.05 to 5 phr of accelerant; c) from 0.5 to 15 phr of curing agent; d) from 1 to 40 phr of one or more inorganic acid acceptors, preferably bivalent metal oxides; e) from 0 to 2.5 phr, preferably from 0 to 1.5 phr of one or more basic compounds preferably hydroxides of bivalent metals or of weak acid metal salts; f) from 0 to 80 phr of reinforcing fillers.

Abstract: In a distributed-memory multiprocessor system in which a plurality of processors have their respective memories, some of the processors are placed in redundant execution of writing into a virtual storage space. At redundant execution, each processor makes a determination of whether or not it is to perform the writing. As a consequence, only a single processor is allowed to write data into the virtual storage space, which solves the data transfer overhead problem. If a processor that has a memory with an area to be written into performs the writing, then the speed of processing will be further increased.