Abstract: A linear motor system for a driving apparatus comprises a first linear motor having a primary side to which either one of first and second movable elements which are relatively movable with respect to each other, and a secondary linear motor having a secondary side mounted to this one of first and second movable elements so as to extend in the relatively movable direction to be continuous to the primary side of the first linear motor. The second linear motor has a primary side mounted to another one of the first and second movable elements, and the first linear motor also has a secondary side mounted to the another one of the first and second movable elements so as to extend in the relatively movable direction to be continuous to the primary side of the second linear motor.

Abstract: There is provided such a structure that a first insulating layer, a conductive pattern, a second insulating layer, a capacitor Q, a third insulating layer, and a lower electrode leading wiring are formed sequentially on a semiconductor substrate, and a lower electrode of the capacitor is connected to an upper surface of the conductive pattern, and the lower electrode leading wiring is also connected electrically to the conductive pattern from its upper side.

Abstract: Material to be treated such as garbage is charged into a first rotary kiln 14 to be mainly dehydrated and charged into a second rotary kiln 18 to be carbonized. The first rotary kiln 14 has a first nozzle pipe 11 therein for spouting a first high temperature gas and the second rotary kiln 18 has a second nozzle pipe 15 for spouting a second high temperature gas, mainly high temperature superheated steam with a temperature higher than a temperature of the first high temperature gas. The carbonized material is discharged outside after a temperature thereof is lowered to prevent spontaneous combustion in an atmosphere. Thereby, it is able to provide an apparatus for thermal treatment using superheated steam which can be built relatively small and by which treatment time can be shortened, and further, the final carbonized material can be used as charcoal.

Abstract: Production of extruded styrene resin foams which are excellent in environmental compatibility and retain highly efficient thermal insulation property and have appropriate strength properties is disclosed which is characterized by using as a blowing agent a blowing agent comprising mainly 40% by weight or more and 85% by weight or less, based on the whole amount of the blowing agent, of at least one ether selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether and diethyl ether, and 15% by weight or more and 60% by weight or less, based on the whole amount of the blowing agent, of at least one saturated hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of saturated hydrocarbons having 3 to 5 carbon atoms. The production is further characterized by providing a more desirable cell structure such as a specified shape of cells or the presence of larger and smaller cells.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a wiring board, and at least one pair of signal lines that is provided on the wiring board in parallel and has an equal length. A chip is mounted on the wiring board and includes at least one differential driver which outputs complementary digital transmit signals to said at least one of lines. A pair of power system lines is provided to supply first and second power supply voltages to the above-mentioned at least one differential driver. The power system lines are parallel to each other and have an equal length.

Abstract: A dry etching is performed using a mask made of a titanium nitride under a reaction gas of a carbon monoxide with an additive of a nitrogen containing compound gas.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including an insulation film superior in insulation characteristic is obtained. Boron ions are introduced by ion implantation into an organic SOG film with a silicon nitride film formed on the organic SOG film. By this boron implantation, the property of the organic SOG film is modified. The moisture and hydroxyl group included in the film are greatly reduced irrespective of the amount of dose of ions. By using such a layered film of a modified SOG film and a silicon nitride film thereupon as an interlayer insulation film or a passivation film, the water resistance of a semiconductor device can be improved sufficiently.

Abstract: Forward scattering peaks of photoelectrons having different angular momenta is generated by radiating to a sample two rays of circularly polarized light that differ in a rotary direction. Two images of photoelectron diffraction patterns are formed by two-dimensionally detecting the photoelectron diffraction patterns formed with the photoelectron forward scattering peaks. The observer can three-dimensionally observe the structure in an atomic arrangement by observing these photoelectron diffraction pattern images with his or hers right and left eyes, respectively.

Abstract: A single cone fluid dynamic bearing motor, including a shaft having a diminishing conical taper surface, a sleeve having a concavity opposite the shaft, lubricant filled in a clearance between the shaft and the sleeve, and magnetic members to generate magnetic attraction between the shaft and the sleeve. Grooves are formed on the conical taper surface of the shaft or the sleeve so as to create load capacity when the motor rotates, whereby rotating parts of the motor are supported by the axial components of the load capacity balanced with the magnetic attraction. The motor thereby achieves reduction in thickness, current, and cost, and inhibits non-repeatable runout.

Abstract: A terminal mounting apparatus inserts press-fit terminals into a terminal housing for constituting a joint connector. The terminal mounting apparatus has a terminal positioning unit, a transfer unit, a carrier cutting unit, a tab bending unit, a separator, and an insertion unit. The terminal positioning unit adjusts spaces between adjacent ones of the terminals such that each of the terminals can enter one of the terminal insertion channels. The transfer unit transfers the terminals. The carrier cutting unit removes a desired joint portion jointing the terminals. The tab bending unit brings a desired contact tab, which can connect an upper one to a lower one of the terminals, into a connection state. The separator adjusts spaces between the terminals to correspond to spaces between terminal insertion channels. The insertion unit presses the terminals all at once into the terminal insertion channels.

Abstract: A process for efficiently preparing an optically active chloropropanediol derivative, especially (S)-1-benzyloxy-3-chloro-2-propanol, which has a high optical purity and is useful as an intermediate for medicines. The process comprises treating an inexpensive racemic chloropropanediol derivative with a nitroxyl compound and an oxidizing agent to convert it into a chlorohydroxyacetone derivative and then stereospecifically reducing the carbonyl group of the chlorohydroxyacetone derivative by the action of either a carbonyl-reducing enzyme having the ability to stereospecifically reduce the chlorohydroxyacetone derivative or an optically treated culture of a microorganism having the ability to yield the carbonyl-reducing enzyme. Thus, an optically active chloropropanediol derivative is prepared.

Abstract: Disclosed compound semiconductor light emitting devices have a substrate, a compound semiconductor layer, formed on the substrate, containing a first conductive type clad layer, an active layer, and a second conductive type clad layer, and a resonator structure formed of two opposing facets of the compound semiconductor layer, wherein surfaces of the first conductive type clad layer, the active layer, and the second conductive type clad layer forming the facet of the compound semiconductor are covered with a passivation layer, wherein at least one element constituting the facet of the compound semiconductor layer is not coupled to oxygen, and wherein a portion of the passivation layer adjacent to the facet of the compound semiconductor layer contains oxygen as a structural element.

Abstract: A method of forming a two-layer coat, which comprises the steps of: applying (1) a coating composition onto a thermoplastic resin base and drying the coating to form a colored layer, the coating composition (1) comprising: (A) an acrylic resin obtained by copolymerization of a monomer mixture comprising n-butyl (meth)acrylate and methyl (meth)acrylate, each in an amount of at least 30 wt. %; (B) a colorant; and (C) an organic solvent; applying (2) an energy beam curable overcoat composition onto the colored layer, the overcoat composition (2) comprising: (D) a compound having at least three (meth)acryloyl groups and having a molecular weight of 250 to 1,800; and (E) an acrylic resin obtained by copolymerization of a monomer mixture comprising at least 20 wt. % of methyl (meth)acrylate, the compound (D) amounting to at least 50 wt. % of overcoat film-forming components; and curing the applied overcoat composition by energy beam irradiation.

Abstract: A small battery box, in which arrangement of cells can be easily changed, for suppressing nonuniformity in temperature distribution between the cells. The box has a container having upper, lower, front, rear, and side portions which can be disassembled; a battery holder having members which are detachably connected in a manner such that central axes of the cells are parallel to a direction along which the side portions face each other and the cells are arranged in a zig-zag matrix form; a shielding member, near a coolant supply opening in the front portion, for changing the flow direction of the coolant and for preventing the coolant from directly blowing onto the cells; and a control member, near a coolant discharge opening in the rear portion, for changing the coolant flow direction in a manner such that the coolant flows towards the rear side of each cell near the discharge opening.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device manufacturing method which comprises the steps of forming a first insulating film over a silicon substrate (semiconductor substrate), forming a lower electrode, a dielectric film, and an upper electrode of a capacitor on the first insulating film, forming a first capacitor protection insulating film for covering at least the dielectric film and the upper electrode, forming a second capacitor protection insulating film, which covers the first capacitor protection insulating film, by a chemical vapor deposition method in a state that a bias voltage is not applied to the silicon substrate, and forming a second insulating film on the second capacitor protection insulating film by the chemical vapor deposition method in a state that the bias voltage is applied to the silicon substrate.

Abstract: A multi-layer interconnection board, includes a multi-layer structure in which plural interconnections are provided and which includes a ground layer, and a hole part provided in the multi-layer structure. A conductive part is provided on an internal wall part of the hole part.

Abstract: An ultrasound treatment system in accordance with the present invention comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a handpiece, a probe, a sheath, a clamping member, an operation unit, an operating member, a suction base, and a perfusion base. The ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic vibrations. The handpiece has the ultrasonic transducer incorporated therein and serves as an operation unit. The probe is connected to the ultrasonic transducer, and serves as a vibration transmitting member for transmitting ultrasonic vibrations to a distal member realizing a stationary portion that is a treatment portion for treating a living tissue. The sheath serves as a protecting member for shielding the probe. The clamping member is opposed to the distal member at the distal end of the sheath, and realizes a movable portion that is another treatment portion for clamping a living tissue in cooperation with the distal member.

Abstract: A printed circuit board unit includes an insulated film disposed between a printed circuit board and an electronic component so as to define a through hole for receiving the solder bump. The through hole may be designed to form a constriction in the solder bump. Electric connection can reliably be established between the printed circuit board and the electronic component since the solder bump is allowed to penetrate through the through hole in the insulated film. When the insulated film is brought away from the printed circuit board, the insulated film serves to tear the solder bump in two pieces at the constriction, so that the electronic component can easily be detached from the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A narrow band excimer laser and a wavelength detecting apparatus are suitable for use as a light source of a reduction projection aligner of a semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus. In the excimer laser, the ruling direction and the beam expanding direction of a prism beam expander are made substantially coincide with each other, and a polarizing element causing selective oscillation of a linearly polarized light wave substantially parallel with the beam spreading direction of a prism beam expander is contained in a laser cavity. A window at the front or rear side of a laser chamber is disposed such that the window make a Brewster's angle with respect to the axis of the laser beam in a plane containing the beam expanding direction of the prism expander and the laser beam axis.