Abstract: The mapping provides a capability for quantifying an external scene in a manner equivalent to the allocation at perceptual bandwidth in the human retina. The device samples the scene, either photographically or by video; records a digital version of the scene, processes the digital version so that the effects of the distribution rods in the retina provides the weighting for allocating signal processing bandwidth differentially across the scene in accordance with human physiological data, and produces a recording of the processed digital image.The processing uses a selected acuity factor as a parameter, a neighborhood is assigned to each pixel, with a radius r equal to (1.0+(acuity factor.times.R))/2.0, where R is the distance from the center of the image. The digital values of all pixels in the neighborhood are summed and the sum is divided by the number of pixels in the neighborhood to obtain an average value. This value is then assigned to the pixel in forming a processed image frame.

Abstract: An antenna assembly configured by the combination of the high forward gain of a conventional planar phased array antenna with the wide angle scanning capability of a dome antenna. The invention includes an optically fed phased array, which may be structurally configured similar to a conventional lens array, but comprises a reflection/transmission switch and an electronic phase shifter at each radiating element. The switches facilitate operation of the phased array in two distinct modes; when the switches are set for the transmission mode, the phased array operates substantially as a conventional lens array to scan a .+-.60.degree. conical sector; when the switches are set for the reflection mode, the phased array behaves like a reflect array to scan an additional .+-.60.degree. to .+-.120.degree. sector.

Abstract: A signal processing circuit which operates on a spread spectrum received signal to compress it into a waveform of sufficient amplitude to allow detection by conventional means. The received signal is filtered and split onto two paths, each path being mixed with an upper or lower single sideband created by an oscillator and modulator combination. The output of each mixer is filtered and mixed together in a third mixer, the resultant output of which is fed through a narrow bandpass filter to a conventional signal detector.

Abstract: A package for matching the characteristic impedance of a transmission line to the impedance of a pulsed semiconductor laser diode so that short duration pulses of light can be produced with a fast repetition rate. The package has a toroidal transformer in a cavity of a main body, with a multiturn primary connected to a transmission line. The laser diode is mounted at the edge of a known sandwich between two thin metal plates separated by an insulating layer. A spacer and metal cover cap are placed over the sandwich, and a screw passing through holes of all the parts is threaded into the main body. The screw passing through the transformer core forms a one-turn secondary. Not only does this allow the matching of the characteristic impedance, but also provides heat sinking for the diode. Assembly with a screw makes the unit easy to fabricate, and to replace the laser diode sandwich.

Abstract: A portable circuit tester for troubleshooting a multiplier circuit card of the AN/MPS-9 and the AN/MSQ-2 radar systems, particularly when these systems are van mounted. During normal operation of the circuit tester, the circuit card is completely removed from the equipment console and connected to the test box. The test box circuitry provides the power supply and control selections necessary to operate the circuit card under realistic conditions while also allowing easy access to all components on the circuit card. The output from the test box is fed into one channel of a dual channel oscilloscope, with the input for the other channel coming from a probe connected to the test points on the circuit card being examined.

Abstract: A dual voltage inductive coil driver is used to rapidly switch between current levels in phase shifters. This approach provides a large voltage swing during the transient period, and then provides a low-dissipation low-voltage source during the steady state condition. The dual mode uses a linear low voltage loop and a nonlinear high voltage loop in the driver. The nonlinear loop may operate from the threshold or difference between either the input reference and coil current or input reference and coil voltage.

Abstract: This system permits speed variation within certain constraints. The minimum speed is derived from a stall avoidance or acceleration margin condition and the maximum speed may be the lower limit of the transonic region or other design limit. Assuming the throttle is set at or near a trim value, adjustments need only be made if the terrain following flight path is tending to drive the speed to one of the two velocity extremes. Velocity predictions are based on predicted kinetic energy being equal to the difference between the current kinetic energy and the potential energy to the profile extreme. The throttle is adjusted when the predicted velocity is outside the limits to add or remove the required amount of energy.

Abstract: An apparatus directed to a signal processing circuit for combining data from several spectral bands to enhance the signal-to-background ratio of a target detection system. Two spectral bands, with separate sensing arrays, receive analog signals which are fed to separate multiplexer units. From the multiplexers, the analog signals are applied to a comparator where they are compared with each other and also separately applied to shift registers where the signals are retained for further processing. If, during comparison, the ratio of the two bands is less than a threshold, there is an absence of cloud return and the signals stored in both shift registers are combined in a final output register. If the ratio of the two bands is more than a threshold, the band having the most cloud return is not used and the shift register containing the greater percentage of target return is processed through the output register.

Abstract: The substrate is ladder shaped and is located between a serpentine metallic meander line conductor and a metallic ground plane. Conductive shields are disposed in slot-like openings of the substrate between adjacent parallel transverse segments of the meander line to decrease dispersion and increase the bandwidth to a full octave.

Abstract: The unit comprises several rolled capacitor elements in a single case, with a package concept that allows installation mounting and electrical interconnection on the same top plane. A U-shaped feedthrough bus in the form of a wide metal strip is routed from a top input terminal down the center of the case and up adjacent one wall to a top output terminal. The capacitor elements are in two sets on opposite sides of the center portion of the feedthrough bus, and connected thereto. A ground bus serving as an internal noise partition connected to the metal top is between the capacitor elements of one set and the outer portion of the feedthrough bus. A minimum of three units may be used with the variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) converter of the three-phase power supply system of an aircraft, for filtering and suppression of electromagnetic interference. The construction permits use of two input terminals bussed together, and two output terminals bussed together for handling large currents.

Abstract: Relay contacts provide the principal switching between a D.C. power source and the load. An SCR in series with a limiting resistor by passes the relay contacts during initial turnon to absorb the inrushing surge to capacitors of the load. Optical couplers provide isolation from a remote control. A transistor blocking oscillator is coupled between one optical coupler and the trigger of the SCR for turn on. Delay timing includes a collector-base capacitor at a transistor of the other optical coupler. A Zener diode couples the timing circuit to a transistor amplifier, which operates the relay. The turn-on circuit is then disabled. A turn-off pulse to the second optical coupler turns off the transistor amplifier, which opens the relay.

Abstract: The high voltage field effect transistor has a drive circuit for pulse width modulation, which includes a small transformer coupled to the gate and source with a diode in series at the gate, so that a very short on-drive pulse charges the gate capacitance, and the charge is held by the diode. Another FET has its output connected between the gate and source of the high voltage FET, and its input coupled to another small transformer so that it is turned on for a short time by a very short off-drive pulse to discharge the gate capacitance and thus turn off the high voltage FET. A transformer drive circuit includes two one-shot devices connected to the pulse width modulator as leading and trailing edge detectors respectively, with their outputs connected via FET's to the on-drive and off-drive transformer primaries respectively, to provide pulses of 100-200 nanoseconds.

Abstract: High voltage FET's (field effect transistors) are used to modulate a traveling wave tube, which makes it possible to achieve fast rise, fall and delay chracteristics, and very long pulsewidths to CW because of their low drive requirements to maintain the on condition. The low and high voltage portions of the modulator are coupled via special transformers having only one or two turns for each winding on torroidal cores. Since such transformers are not adequate for long pulse widths, the gate to source capacitance of a high voltage FET is charged with a short pulse from one transformer and held there by a blocking diode until it is removed by the off drive. To obtain pulse widths all the way out to CW, a regeneration circuit is incorporated in the low voltage circuitry so that if the commanded on time goes beyond a maximum time, successive pulses are generated to maintain the voltage between gate and source of the on FET.

Abstract: The device performs the function ##EQU1## for image processing, where W.sub.i are fixed weights for any specific application. It uses a PROM and accumulator algorithm, in which the memory stores the values ##EQU2## in 2.sup.M words, with addresses formed from one bit of each data word in a given bit position. In operation the most significant bit of each data word is used first to address memory, and in successive clock cycles the other bit positions are used down to the least significant. The memory output words are supplied to the adder-accumulator, and in each clock cycle the adder-accumulator output is shifted left one bit and used as a second input thereof. Then if the data words have N bits designated j=0 to N-1, after N clock cycles the memory output words have each been effectively multiplied by 2.sup.j and accumulated in the sum.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in evaluating the effectiveness of an ECM technique, such as the Cross Eye technique, which transmits RF signals from spatially separated antennas against a hostile radar system, such as a monopulse radar. The invention splits the radar transmit RF signal into separate paths, applies the ECM signal, and calibrates the combined radar-ECM signal for phase and amplitude balance after every pulse repitition interval. The signal is down converted to an intermediate frequency where a radar receive antenna is simulated. Following the antenna, an injection network up converts the frequency of the signal and adds computer controlled inputs (including echoes) prior to sending it to the radar receiver for final processing.

Abstract: GaAs digital electronics uses mainly depletion mode MESFET technology. In typical circuits, negative voltage logic input signals are required while the output voltage is positive. To connect gates, level shifters are needed to shift the positive voltage output signals such that they become suitable for the input to the next gate. A capacitor is used which performs the level shifting. As the charge leaks off the capacitor, the voltage level has to be readjusted periodically, leading to a "dynamic" circuit. A method for self-biasing of the capacitor for readjustment of the voltage level is taught.

Abstract: To locate the very thin transparent low-resistivity planar electrode layers in a multilayer epitaxial structure for an electrooptic tunable filter, one edge of the stack is covered with a dielectric, and a long diagonal strip opening is made through the dielectric. A common metal electrode is formed on the opposite edge of the stack. The edge with the strip opening is immersed in a plating solution and potential applied at the common electrode so that a metal deposit is formed at the exposed location of each low-resistivity layer along the strip opening.

Abstract: The frequency of an electronic oscillator is controlled by a crystal located in the oven. The heaters in the oven include resistance elements for quick warm-up, and steady state. The circuit allows the quick warm-up power to be reduced incrementally as the set temperature is approached and effects a smooth transition to the steady-state heater. This is accomplished by circuit features which reduce the control loop gain when high power is applied to the heaters and increase the gain as the warm-up power decreases.

Abstract: An acoustic disturbance in a thin support rod may be suppressed by detecting the disturbance, and processing the detected signal with electronic circuits to generate two output signals, which are injected into the rod at spatially separate positions. It is the solution of the waveforms for the output signals that is the essence of the technique. The principal component of the electronic circuits is an integrator. There are also delay devices and summing circuits.

Abstract: A photo-reconnaissance system in which the landscape is photographed on film. The film is then developed and scanned by electro-optical sensors. The output signal from the E-O sensors is transmitted to a ground station where it is demultiplexed and displayed on a plurality of television type monitors. An operator can view the reconnaissance scene in near-real time and transmit commands back to the airborne station directing a change in flight course or a magnification of a particular target. A permanent record of the reconnaissance scene can be obtained either from the on-board film or by making a print from the television type monitors.