Abstract: A projection system comprises a plurality of reflective LCDs (41, 42, 43) which are irradiated with colored sub-beams (21, 22, 23). The sub-beams are not perpendicularly incident on the LCDs so that the reflected beams (24, 25, 26) do not coincide with the incident beams. The sub-beams originate from a white light beam (20) which is split up into colored sub-beams by means of color-selective mirrors (31, 33). The same mirrors are used to combine the reflected beams (24, 25, 26) to a projection beam (27). An angle-dependent beam separater (80) is arranged so as to realize a spatial separation between the incident beams and the reflected beam. The angle-dependent beam separater (80) is arranged in such a way that the angle at which the beam (20) is incident on the color-selective mirrors (31, 33) is equal to the angle at which the reflected sub-beams (24, 25, 26) are incident on these mirrors.

Abstract: An aluminum substrate which supports a scintillator transforms X-rays into visible or nearly visible light radiation which is converted into a flux of electrons by means of a photocathode. The flux produces a visible image on an exit screen through electro-optical means. A layer which absorbs the light radiation emitted by the scintillator in the direction of the aluminium substrate is inserted between the aluminium substrate and the scintillator, the absorbing layer consisting of a material chosen from the following materials: titanium nitride, cadmium sulphide, (Cu, OhI.sub.2). A layer having a low optical index can be inserted between the scintillator and the photocathode. A chemical barrier may also be inserted between the scintillator and the photocathode. An electrically conductive and optically transparent layer can be inserted between the photocathode and the chemical barrier.

Abstract: For switching on an operating mode "playback, normal forward running", a recording and reproducing apparatus (1) for a drivable record carrier (3) has a playback servomechanism (29) which can be triggered by a playback button (23) and for switching on an operating mode "record, normal forward running" it has a record servomechanism (29') which can be triggered by a record button (24). Both servomechanisms (29, 29') have a driving component (39, 39'), a driven component (40, 40'), which can be brought into engagement with the driving part (39, 39'), for displacing at least one apparatus component (15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22) and a blocking component (49, 49') which can be displaced by the relevant button (23, 24) from a blocking position into a release position.

Abstract: Optical systems which include a particular type of wavelength-tunable semiconductor laser are disclosed. Significantly, the active layer of the laser includes a doping superlattice layer. Even more significantly, wavelength-tunability is achieved by nonuniformly, optically and/or electrically pumping the laser.

Abstract: Electric multipolar machine, comprising a first machine part (1) with a magnetically soft outer element, a second machine part (3) arranged coaxially relative to the first machine part, with a magnetically soft inner element, provided with at least three teeth (17-19) and active coils (23, 24, 25), permanent magnets arranged in a circular path and ending in pole faces (31A1-A4, 31B1-B4, 31C1-C4), which mate with tooth faces (15A-H) across an air gap (35, 37), and a machine shaft (5), about which one of the abovementioned machine parts is rotatable relative to the other machine part. The outer element of the first machine part has at least one toothed magnetically soft disc-shaped plate (9, 11), which is provided with tooth faces distributed uniformly over the periphery of the plate.

Abstract: A magnetic-tape apparatus is disclosed which includes a drive mechanism for driving a magnetic tape and tape reels, a magnetic-head mechanism buffer mechanism comprising a belt (8), guide elements for guiding the belt in an operational position, a tape-threading mechanism which during the thread-out phase threads the tape out of the cassette and wraps it around the magnetic-head mechanism and during the thread-in phase threads the tape into the cassette. A belt-threading mechanism threads the belt between the guide elements into the tape path during said thread-out phase and brings the belt back into its initial position during the thread-in phase. The apparatus (1) also includes a mechanism for moving the belt-threading mechanism in such a way that the belt can be brought into the desired operational position and into said initial position.

Abstract: An optical system, useful as a magnetometer and as a polarization contoller, is disclosed. The system includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, a detector of electromagnetic radiation, and a magnetizable medium via which the source and detector communicate with one another. The system further includes apparatus for forming at least two adjacent magnetic domains separated by at least one domain wall.

Abstract: In a CCD image sensor arrangement, during the transport through the CCD channels the distance between successive signal packets is enlarged and an empty potential well is induced between these packets, which is then transferred as a normal packet together with the signal charges. During the transport, in the said additional well charge is collected which is representative for the smear charge which is trapped during the transport by the corresponding signal packet. When during reading, the smear charge is subtracted from the signal charge, the accurate value of the smear-compensated signals can be determined.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a device which includes a tantalum silicide structure, and which is essentially free of conductive etch residues, is disclosed. The method includes the steps of depositing tantalum and silicon onto a substrate, patterning the tantalum and silicon, and then sintering the patterned tantalum and silicon to form a patterned layer of tantalum silicide.

Abstract: A new method for fabricating a semiconductor device, e.g., a MOS or MES IC, as well as the resulting device, are disclosed. In accordance with the new method, a semiconductor device is formed, at least in part, by forming a material region which includes metal, e.g., elemental metal or a metal-containing compound, on a semiconductor substrate. One or more dopants are implanted into the material region, and the substrate is heated in order to diffuse the dopants out of the material region and into the substrate, thus forming a dopant-diffused substrate region, e.g., a source or drain. Significantly, the new method involves implant conditions which yield a material region-to-substrate specific contact resistance equal to or less than about 10.sup.-6 .OMEGA.-cm.sup.2. In addition, the new method involves heating temperatures and heating times which yield a dopant-diffused substrate region having a depth, relative to the top of the material region, equal to or less than about 0.2 micrometers.

Abstract: Axially adjacently arranged winding chambers (3, 4, 5) for high-voltage coil sections are separated from one another on a central hollow body (9) by flanges (10, 11, 12, 13), the connection ends (24, 25) of the coil sections being guided to connection pins (7, 8) on a connection strip (6). The flanges (11, 12 13) have passage slots (21) which extend from winding chamber to winding chamber. Over the hollow body (9) there is arranged an additional wall member (15) which extends parallel to a wall of the body and from the remotest winding chamber (3) to the connection strip (6) and which forms, in conjunction with the body, a wire guiding gap (16) which is open at the side of the connection strip (6) as well as at one of its longitudinal sides, the flanges (11, 12, 13) also being slotted in the prolongation of the open wire guiding gap (16).

Abstract: A body of a material as clear as glass, is arranged behind the parts to be illuminated and passes light beams from at least one illumination source to the areas to be illuminated and reflects the beams by deflection at reflection surfaces to the individual areas to be illuminated. The optical conductor body (1) includes a plate (1) with a substantially planar surface, openings (7, 8, 9) extending transversely through the plate (1), the walls (7a, 8a, 9a) of these openings extending at right angles to the central plane (5) of the plate at an acute angle to the course of the light beams and having reflection surfaces. The light beams are passed parallel to the central plane (5) of the plate within the plate, the light beams being reflected into recesses provided as output areas and being reflected out of these recesses by means of reflection surfaces (10b) inclined with repsect to the central plane (5) of the plate.

Abstract: A new method for fabricating devices which include multicomponent metal halide glasses, e.g., multicomponent metal halide glass optical fibers, is disclosed. In accordance with the inventive method, a multicomponent metal halide glass body, essentially free of crystallites, is produced by cooling essentially every portion of a melt incorporated into the glass body at a quench rate which is necessarily greater than or equal to about 10 Kelvins per second (K/sec). This necessary quench rate is achieved by successively quenching relatively small portions of the melt, e.g., thin layers or droplets of melt material, having relatively small cross-sectional dimensions.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a polarization rotator which includes a thin film waveguide exhibiting essentially zero linear birefringence in the absence of an externally applied stress, as well as an optical system incorporating said rotator, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for forming articles which include silica-containing glass bodies, as well as the resulting articles, are disclosed. In accordance with the method, silica-containing gel particles are fused to form a glass body. In contrast to previous such methods, these particles are formed by mechanically, substantially uniformly subdividing either a substantially cohesive gel body, or an ungelled or partially gelled sol capable of yielding a substantially cohesive gel body, to form substantially uniformly sized, wet gel particles. Significantly, only substantially cohesive gel bodies which are also substantially elastic are useful in the invention, i.e., mechanical subdivision of non-elastic gel bodies results in these bodies undergoing plastic flow to yield non-particulate, pasty masses.

Abstract: Incorporation of fluorine into a porous silica body, such as an unsintered body produced by a sol-gel method, by VAD or OVPO, reduces or eliminates bubble or pore formation upon re-heating of the glass formed by sintering of the porous material. Effective fluorine concentrations are between 0.01 and 5% by weight. The invention can be used advantageously in producing preforms and optical fiber.

Abstract: A semiconductor device which includes either a single semiconductor chip bearing an integrated circuit (IC) or two or more electrically interconnected semiconductor chips, is disclosed. This device includes interconnects between device components (on the same chip and/or on different chips), at least one of which includes a region of superconducting material, e.g., a region of copper oxide superconductor having a T.sub.c greater than about 77K. Significantly, to avoid undesirable interactions, at high processing temperatures, between the superconducting material and underlying, silicon-containing material (which, among other things, results in the superconducting material reverting to its non-superconducting state), the interconnect also includes a combination of material regions which prevents such interactions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the temperature profile of a surface exhibiting spatial and/or temporal variations in temperature, e.g., the surface of a machine or of a biological system, is disclosed. The inventive method involves forming a layer of fluorescent material, less than about 10 .mu.m in thickness, in thermal contact with the surface. The fluorescent material is subjected to fluorescence-inducing energy, and the resulting fluorescence, which varies as the temperature of the surface varies, is detected.

Abstract: An optical fiber system which includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, e.g., a laser, in optical communication with a multicomponent halide glass optical fiber is disclosed. This system is distinguished from previous such systems in that, within the context of the inventive system, the multicomponent halide glass fiber exhibits lower intrinsic loss than when used in previous such systems. This is achieved by choosing the source in relation to the composition of the fiber so that the wavelength of at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source is substantially equal to the minimum intrinsic loss wavelength for the fiber, as determined using a new, more accurate procedure.

Abstract: An optical system, including a waveguide such as an optical fiber, in which optical signals are noninvasively coupled into the waveguide at any point along the length of the waveguide, is disclosed. This is achieved by coupling substantially constant intensity electromagnetic radiation into the waveguide, and then impinging upon the waveguide a directed beam of energy, such as electromagnetic radiation or heat, from an energy source. Alternatively, the waveguide is impinged upon by a combination of an energy beam and a stimulus, e.g., a temperature change. The energy beam, or energy beam and stimulus, induce at least partial absorption of the guided, substantially constant intensity electromagnetic radiation by radiation-absorbing material in the waveguide, to produce the desired optical signal.