Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of fluorene-9-carboxylic acid comprising reacting fluorene and a dialkyl carbonate with alkyls of 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the presence of a member of the group consisting of alkali metal hydrides or potassium alcoholate of an aliphatic alcohol of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, neutralizing the mixture and saponifying the resulting fluorene-9-carboxylic acid ester to obtain fluorene-9-carboxylic acid in good yields.

Abstract: Novel sebum synthesis inhibiting compositions comprising a sebum inhibiting effective amount of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and acyl of an organic carboxylic acid free of additional carboxyl group and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and an inert pharmaceutical carrier and to a novel method of inhibiting sebum synthesis in warm-blooded animals and novel 1H-imidazol-1-ethanol esters.

Abstract: Novel 4-methyl-3-formyl-pentanoic acid derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein Hal is a halogen, R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and A and B are .dbd.O or A is halogen and B is --OR.sub.2 and R.sub.2 is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, their preparation and their use as intermediates.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aqueous polymer dispersions comprising polymerizing compounds with unsaturated ethylenic bonds at a temperature of 10.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an at least partially water-soluble free-radical initiator and at least one starch and/or starch derivative and optionally present conventional adjuvants with the starting mixture containing not more than one third of the total monomers and the remaining monomer being added during the polymerization, the initiators being at least one member of the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ketone peroxides and organic hydroperoxides in an amount of at least 30 mmol per kg of total monomer mixture and optionally present water-soluble reducing agents and the starch is water-soluble or gells in water and contains not more than 30% by weight of amylose and the starch derivative is hydrolyzed starch in an amount of at least 0.6% by weight based on the total monomer weight.

Abstract: In a process for the production and maintenance of well-adhering biomass attached to carrier particles capable of decomposing contaminants in waste water containing both well-adhering and non-adhering microorganisms wherein a granular carrier is contacted in a reaction space with a continuous stream of waste water containing both well-adhering and non-adhering microorganisms and nutrients for the growth and the maintenance of the microorganisms in an adherent layer until a sufficiently thick, well-adhering layer of microorganisms is formed and maintained on the carrier, the improvement comprising maintaining the residence time of the waste water in the reaction space lower than the reciprocal maximum growth rate of the microorganisms on carrier particles of at least 0.1 mm while generating in the reaction liquid shear forces caused by liquid motion and circulation caused by gas bubbles and washing out of the reaction space all non-adhering microorganisms.

Abstract: A novel organosilicon compound represented by a formula ##STR1## wherein A is methylene, carbonyl or sulfonyl group; R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl group, respectively; R.sub.3 is alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, naphthyl, substituted naphthyl, pyridyl, substituted pyridyl, furyl, substituted furyl, thienyl, substituted thienyl group or cycloalkyl group together with the substituent A; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl group; and R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 are hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl, respectively,a non-toxic salt thereof, a process for the preparation of said compound or salt, as well as an antitumor agent comprising as an effective agent at least one of said compound and salt.

Abstract: All stereoisomeric forms and mixtures of stereoisomers of compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, sulfoxide and sulfone, R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are individually selected from the group consisting of optionally unsaturated alkyl of 1 to 7 carbon atoms and optionally unsaturated cycloalkyl of 3 to 7 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one halogen and optionally interrupted with at least one heteroatom and aryl and aralkyl of 6 to 18 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is the residue of a R.sub.2 OH alcohol used in pyrethrinoids synthesis having pesticidal activity and their preparation and novel intermediates.

Abstract: Novel 3-formyl-4-methyl-pent-3-ene-1-oic acid of the formula ##STR1## and a process for its preparation and intermediates and a process for the preparation of compounds of the formula ##STR2## wherein W is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R.sub.1 of an optionally chiral alcohol R.sub.1 OH, useful as an intermediate for the production of numerous esters having elevated insecticidal activity.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of high purity penicillanic acid-1,1-dioxide comprising subjecting 6,6-dibromo-penicillanic acid-1,1-dioxide to dehalogenation with magnesium in association with an acid in high yields.

Abstract: Process for preparing printing ink binders based on reaction products of (a) natural resins, (b) other synthetic resins, (c) .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid units and (d) calcium compounds and, if appropriate, other compounds of metals of group II of the periodic system.The compounds (a) to (c) are reacted to give a product having an acid number of 75 to 150, which is then reacted with metal compounds in such a way that the acid number is reduced by at least one third. Unreacted metal compounds present in the resulting reaction product are then converted by means of acetic acid, via acetates, into salts of the resins. The resulting binders are used for preparing printing inks.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of racemic or optically active isomers of alkyl esters of cis chrysanthemic of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms comprising reacting a racemic or optically active cis compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein R has the above definition with an aryl halothioformate of the formula ##STR3## wherein Hal is a halogen and Ar is aryl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms to obtain a compound of the formula ##STR4## of cis configuration and heating the latter optionally in an organic solvent to obtain the compound of formula I and novel intermediates.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of 20-keto-.DELTA..sup.16 -steroids comprising reacting a 17-(isocyanosulfonylmethylene)-steroid with an alkylating agent QR.sub.4 wherein R.sub.4 is an organic group and Q is a group or atom readily displaced with a nucleophile to form a 20-isocyano-20-sulfonyl-.DELTA..sup.16 -steroid followed by hydrolysis which are intermediates for the preparation of corticosteroids and the novel intermediates formed therein.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of quinolinic acid comprising reacting quinoline in an aqueous acid with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of at least one cation selected from the group consisting of vanadyl V, cobalt III, titanyl IV and osmium VIII cations at 50.degree. to 100.degree. C. and then oxidizing with chlorite or chlorate ions to form quinolinic acid.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of 21-hydroxy-20-keto-.DELTA..sup.16 -steroids comprising reacting a 17-(isocyanosulfonylmethylene)-steroid with an aldehyde and an alcohol to form a 17-(2-alkoxy-3-oxazolin-4-yl)-.DELTA..sup.16 -steroid and subjecting the latter to hydrolysis to obtain the corresponding 21-hydroxy-20-keto-.DELTA..sup.16 -steroid which are useful to prepare corticoid steroids and novel intermediates.

Abstract: A novel process for removing suspended solids from a liquid without loss of heel portion comprising circulating a suspension of a precoat filter aid through a closed chamber provided with at least one vertical tubular, liquid pervious filter aid retainer supported on a tube sheet with the lower pervious section level with said tube sheet until a filter cake is formed on said retainer, pumping a liquid with suspended solids through the chamber whereby clear liquid passes through said filter cake into said retainer where clear liquid is recovered and suspended solids are deposited on filter cake, continuing pumping liquid with suspended solids until a maximum differential pressure is reached, reduce the pumping rate of liquid while simultaneously increasing air pressure to a maximum of 15 psig in the chamber, draining liquid from the chamber through the filter cake and retainer while maintaining air pressure of 2 to 15 psig to recover the heel portion, abruptly back washing liquid through the retainer and filte

Abstract: Novel benzothiopyranopyridinones of the formula ##STR1## wherein A,B,C and D are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, nitro, halogen, amino and acylamino of 2 to 7 carbon atoms or A and B or C and D taken with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a benzene ring, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R', R' is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 9 carbon atoms optionally substituted with an --OH, cycloalkyl of 3 to 9 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl of 7 to 9 carbon atoms and --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: This improved ignition device for a moving grate type sintering machine is an inexpensive, compact combustion device which can form a strip of flame extending uniformly and continuously over the width of the strand. This ignition device can provide a uniform ignition intensity, and the ignition conditions of the raw mix can be controlled optimally by moving the burner and a hood therefor vertically and/or rotatably in accordance with the operational conditions of the sintering process. The ignition device thus contributes to prevent the sintered ore from being unevenly sintered, and to save heating energy.

Abstract: Novel cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of --O--, --CH.sub.2 -- and ##STR2## R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally unsaturated cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one alkyl group and the double bond in the 3-side chain has the Z geometry in all possible stereoisomeric forms and mixtures of stereoisomers having insecticidal, nematocidal and animal and vegetable acaricidal activities and their preparation.

Abstract: Compounds containing the heteropolyanion 9-antimoni-III-21-tungsto VI sodate of the formula [NaSb.sub.9 W.sub.21 O.sub.86 ] preferably the ammonium, alkali and alkali metal salts thereof, are active when administered by injection against virus infections, particularly leukemia, sarcoma and encephalomyocardia virus, as shown, by tests in vitro and in vivo in mice.

Abstract: Rubber vulcanisates based on mixtures which contain at least 55% of active fillers and at least 10% of plasticizing oils, having Shore A hardnesses of below 65.degree. in which the active filler contains inorganic active fillers and 10 to 60% of phenolic resin systems consisting of novolaks and hardeners therefor, all these percentages being based on the weight of the rubber, the weight ratio of active inorganic fillers to the phenolic resin systems being from (9:1) to (1:9); the invention further relates to a process for producing such vulcanisates and rubber articles and tires produced from said vulcanisates.