Abstract: The present invention relates to a free radical emulsion polymerization process. The latex is prepared by polymerizing (a) at least one conjugated diene, (b) at least one non-carboxylic vinyl aromatic or aliphatic comonomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, vinyl toleuene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, vinyl pyridine, methylmethacrylate, hexylacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate or mixtures thereof, and (c) at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, 3-carboxyethylacrylate, itaconic acid or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to poly(oxydiphenylamines) of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer ranging from about 1 to 100. The poly(oxydiphenylamines) are useful as a rubber additive and have shown improvement in the tear strength of the rubber as measured by increased peel adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymerizable esters containing derivatives from p-hydroxydiphenylamine which are useful in the stabilization of oxidizable organic materials such as rubber, oils and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfur vulcanized rubber composition containing a silica filler and a bismaleimide of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are individually selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen; R.sup.2 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and n has a value of from 0 to 4.The bismaleimide functions as a coupling agent in the silica filled sulfur vulcanized rubber compound.

Abstract: There is disclosed a polymer consisting essentially of segmeric units, a portion of said units consisting of at least one segmeric unit having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group of monovalent radicals, consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.2 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, --NH.sub.2 ; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of alkyls having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloaliphatics having 6 carbon atoms, aryls having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and aralkyls having 7 to 12 carbon atoms; and R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyls having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and aralkyls having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to rosin monomaleimides which are useful as a total or partial replacement for extender or processing oil in rubber formulations. Addition of the rosin monomaleimides improve peel adhesion in rubber compositions. The rosin monomaleimides are prepared by reacting abietylamine and/or dehydroabietylamide with maleic anhydride.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for hydroformylation of carbon black. The carbon black is hydroformylated by reacting carbon black with carbon monoxide and hydrogen under hydroformylation conditions in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst and organic reaction solvent. Addition of the hydroformylated carbon black enhances the rates of cure of sulfur vulcanizable rubber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a brass-plated steel wire comprising applying to the wire an aqueous zinc phosphate solution having a pH of from about 2 to about 3 and containing (1) a total of from about 28 to 32 grams per liter of phosphoric acid, (2) from about 8 to 11 grams per liter of free phosphoric acid, (3) from about 8 to 11 grams per liter of Zn.sup.+2 which may be derived from the group consisting of zinc oxide, zinc phosphate or mixtures thereof, and (4) wherein the mole ratio of total phosphoric acid to free phosphoric acid ranges from 2.5:1 to 4.0:1. In accordance with the present invention, the zinc phosphate coating on the brass-plated steel cord inhibits corrosion and adhesion of the wire to rubber after vulcanization is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an elastomeric composition comprising a blend of from about 25 to about 75 percent by weight of polychloroprene and from about 75 to about 25 percent by weight of epoxidized natural rubber having a level of epoxide modification in the range of from about 15 to 85 mole percent. These blends may be incorporated along with conventional sulfur-vulcanized elastomers to provide new and improved compounded rubbers particularly suited for use in tire tread applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of improving the adhesion between an aramid cord and sulfur vulcanized rubber comprising (a) treating the aramid cord with a copolymer of the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein w is an integer of from 1 to 100, y is an integer of from 10 to 500; z is an integer of from 1 to 120; X is: ##STR2## or mixtures thereof; B is: ##STR3## or mixtures thereof; wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, Cl or CH.sub.3 ; and(b) vulcanizing a composite of the treated cord and rubber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bis-amide linked rosin acid derivatives which are useful as a rubber additive. In one embodiment, the amide linked rosin acid derivative may serve as a total or partial replacement for antiozonants. The bis-amide linked rosin acids are prepared by reacting abietic acid and/or dehydroabietic acid with a diamine under amidation conditions.

Abstract: An improved tire tread having a net-to-gross ratio greater than 50% and a plurality of grooves defined by a base spaced between road contacting ribs is described herein. The improved tread is characterized by at least one circumferentially extending radially deep groove having a circumferentially continuous projection in the base of the groove.The projection has height measured from the base of the groove radially outward of less than one-sixth of the depth of the groove. The projection has a thickness of greater than one-half the height of the projection. The projection is axially spaced from the adjacent road contacting ribs. The projection is connected to the adjacent ribs by a plurality of braces. The braces are of substantially the same height as the projection. Each brace is spaced circumferentially from adjacent braces and connected to both sidewalls of the circumferentially extending adjacent ribs.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for making compounds such as 3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1,11-bis (3-n-dodecylthiopropionate) which comprises reacting an alkyl thiopropionate with a glycol at temperatures between 50.degree. C. and 180.degree. C. in the presence of a catalytic amount of a dialkyl tin oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the catalytic oxidation of hydroxy containing aromatic compounds to form the respective quinone compounds comprising contacting a hydroxy containing aromatic compound of the formula: ##STR1## with a molecular oxygen containing gas in the presence of: (a) a catalytic amount of a cobalt (II) compound,(b) a primary aliphatic amine having the nitrogen atom attached to a tertiary carbon, and(c) an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and benzyl alcohol,wherein X is of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is individually selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, an alkoxy having from about 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenyl and an aralkyl having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mononitrone of the formula: ##STR1## The amount of alpha-(2,4-dihydroxy)phenyl N-phenyl nitrone which is used in the modification of a diene containing polymer may range from about 0.1 to about 30 percent by weight of said polymer. The modified polymers exhibit improved tear properties as measured by Strebler adhesion values.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel class of polymeric compositions which have molecular weights ranging from 300 to 9000 and are the reaction product of (a) an alkyl or cycloalkyl substituted diphenyldiamine and (b) a vinyl ether. The polymeric diphenyldiamine compounds are useful as an antiozonant in diene containing polymers and surprisingly accelerate the rate of cure of the diene containing polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a rubber containing polymer bound antidegradants. The process comprises the aqueous emulsion polymerization of (a) at least one functionalized monomer that contains an antidegradant moiety and a polymerizable vinyl group; with (b) at least one copolymerizable conjugated diene monomer, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of from about 1 to about 70 parts by weight of an ester based on 100 parts by weight of total monomers. The ester functions as a synergist for the antidegradant, as a cosolvent/dispersing agent for the antidegradant during emulsion polymerization and as a plasticizer for the final polymer product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thioesters having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.x is selected from the group of formulae consisting of: ##STR2## R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen, alkyls having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aryls having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, aralkyls having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, and radicals of the formula: ##STR3## and R.sup.6 is selected from the group of radials consisting of alkyls having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, aryls having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and aralkyls having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.These thioesters are particularly useful as a synergist for conventional phenolic and amine antioxidants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing hydroxylated rubber by reacting (a) a rubber having from about 5 to about 75 percent of a 1,2-double bond content with (b) a mercaptan of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of from 3 to 19; and wherein the reaction is conducted in the solid state and is catalyzed by a free radical catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a N-substituted phenylenediamine of the formula: ##STR1## comprising reacting N-phenylquinoneimine of the formula: ##STR2## with a primary amine of the formula:R--NH.sub.2 (III),wherein the molar ratio of II to III in the reaction mixture ranges from about 1:1 to 1:10; and wherein R is selected from the group of radicals consisting of alkyls having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyls having 6 to 8 carbon atoms and radicals of the structural formula: ##STR3## wherein R.sup.2 may be the same or different and is independently selected from the group of radicals consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl having 1 carbon atom, R.sup.3 is selected from the group of radicals consisting of an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from 0 to 6. The present process is characterized by its excellent yields of high purity N-substituted phenylenediamines.