Abstract: There is disclosed a process for enhancing the rate of cure of a sulfur vulcanizable rubber. Addition of a hydroformylated rubber to a sulfur vulcanizable rubber enhances the rate of cure and concomitantly improves the rubber/filler interaction of the vulcanized rubber.

Abstract: Superior vulcanization agents for rubber are prepared by reacting sulfur with at least one olefin at 120.degree.-200.degree. C. in an aqueous reaction media with agitation. In one embodiment, the vulcanization agent comprises a sulfur/olefin adduct having from about 39% to about 46% by weight of free elemental sulfur level.

Abstract: There is disclosed the use of microencapsulated antidegradants in rubber and a process for the production of microencapsulated antidegradants. More specifically, this invention is directed to the cellulose acetate microencapsulation of para-phenylene diamine based antiozonants at wall to core ratios greater than 1:1 but less than 4:1. The microcapsules preferably have a particle diameter of less than 50 microns. The microencapsulated antidegradant prepared and used according to this invention provides long term protection to rubber articles that are subject to ozone and oxygen attack.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for enhancing the cure of a sulfur vulcanizable elastomer which comprises adding to the vulcanizable elastomer a mixture of tall oil fatty acids comprising at least (a) from about 28% to about 55% by weight of oleic acid, (b) from about 25% to about 40% by weight of linoleic acid, (c) from about 4% to about 20% conjugated linoleic acid and (d) from about 0% to about 8% rosin acids. Use of a mixture of tall oil acids as a cure activator significantly lowers the cost of producing the vulcanizate while concomitantly improving the adhesion and dynamic properties of the elastomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for synthesizing N,N'-dithiobis(sulfonamides) by reacting a sulfonamide of the formula: ##STR1## with sulfur monochloride and caustic in a mixed organic-aqueous mediua, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl radicals having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl radicals having from about 5 to about 20 carbon atoms, phenyl radicals, alkaryl radicals having from about 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and haloaryl radicals having about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms and where R.sup.1 is also selected from radicals having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are individually selected from said alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, alkaryl and haloaryl radicals and wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can be joined together to represent radicals selected from --CH.sub.2 --.sub.n, where n is an integer of 4 to 7 and --CH.sub.2).sub.2 O--CH.sub.2 --.sub.2.

Abstract: There is disclosed compounds of the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a radical of the structural formula:--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --yand y is 0,1,2 or 3; which when combined with a nonhalogenated vulcanizable diene containing elastomer such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene/butadiene copolymers, terpolymers of acrylonitrile butadiene and styrene and blends thereof accelerate the rate of vulcanization without detrimentally impacting the processing safety of the rubber. These compounds either in free form structural formula (I) or as preformed complexes with zinc structural formula (II) in the plus 2 valence state offer significantly enhanced rates of cure and excellent final physical properties without a significant loss of processing safety. The preformed nonhalogenated zinc complexes (II) may be added to sulfur vulcanizable rubbers at levels that maintain typical levels of zinc in the rubber compound.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved method for open steam curing of mineral-loaded elastomers. It has been discovered that use of a vulcanization agent comprising a mixture of an alkyl phenol disulfide and a guanidine compound provides a synergistic curing system that is superior over the use of either component alone. The improved curing system of the present invention is particularly suited for the open steam curing of mineral-loaded chlorobutyl compounds. The cure system may be used in addition to zinc oxide and results in excellent states of cure as determined by tensile elongation and hardness measurements.

Abstract: This invention relates to the discovery that a morpholine polysulfide, such as morpholine tetrasulfide, in combination with a substituted triazine having at least one dialkyl dithiocarbamyl radical provides for excellent vulcanization of rubbers and results in an improved final rubber vulcanizate possessing superior physical properties and reversion resistance.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for enhancing the cure of a sulfur vulcanizable elastomer which comprises adding to the vulcanizable elastomer a mixture of tall oil fatty acids comprising at least (a) from about 28% to about 55% by weight of oleic acid, (b) from about 25% to about 40% by weight of linoleic acid, (c) from about 4% to about 20% conjugated linoleic acid and (d) from about 0% to about 8% rosin acids. Use of a mixture of tall oil acids as a cure activator significantly lowers the cost of producing the vulcanizate while concomitantly improving the adhesion and dynamic properties of the elastomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cure system for a sulfur vulcanizable rubber. The cure system comprises:(a) from about 0.50 to about 2.0 phr of a sulfenamide accelerator selected from the group consisting of N-oxydiethylene benzothiazole-2 sulfenamide, N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide and N-oxydiethylene-thiocarbamyl-N'-oxydiethylene sulfenamide;(b) from about 0.10 to about 1.0 phr of a guanidine accelerator selected from the group consisting of diphenyl guanidine and di-ortho-tolylguanidine;(c) from about 0.10 to about 1.0 phr of a thiuram accelerator selected from the group consisting of tetraethyl thiuramdisulfide, tetramethyl thiuram monosulfide, tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide;(d) from about 0.05 to about 1.0 phr of mercapto benzothiazyl disulfide;(e) from about 0.75 to about 3.0 phr of a sulfur vulcanizing agent;(f) from about 0.05 to about 0.50 phr of N-cyclohexylthio-phthalimide;(g) from about 1.0 to about 5.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the preparation of polymerizable monomers that are prepared from 1-(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)-3-(1-methylethenyl) benzene (m-TMI) and 1-(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)-4-(1-methylethenyl) benzene (p-TMI). The monomers prepared from m- and p-TMI can contain numerous chemical moieties, and when polymerized, produce polymers that have chemically bonded to the polymeric backbone the functional moiety. More specifically, these TMI derived monomers may contain chain breaking antioxidant moieties, peroxide decomposing antioxidant moieties, ultraviolet stabilizing moieties, triplet quenching moieties, and other chemical moieties that are useful in polymers.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the prevention of gel formation in polymers. More specifically, this invention is directed to a unique combination of materials that greatly lessens the formation of gel in elastomers during processing and storage. The combination comprises a hindered phenolic antioxidant and an alkylated phenol/primary mercaptan/formaldehyde reaction product.

Abstract: There is disclosed compounds of the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a radical of the structural formula:--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --NH--CH.sub.2 --Ch.sub.2 --.sub.yand y is 0,1,2 or 3; which when combined with a nonhalogenated vulcanizable diene containing elastomer such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene/butadiene copolymers, terpolymers of acrylonitrile butadiene and styrene and blends thereof accelerate the rate of vulcanization without detrimentally impacting the processing safety of the rubber. These compounds either in free form structural formula (I) or as preformed complexes with zinc structural formula (II) in the plus 2 valence state offer significantly enhanced rates of cure and excellent final physical properties without a significant loss of processing safety. The preformed nonhalogeneated zinc complexes (II) may be added to sulfur vulcanizable rubbers at levels that maintain typical levels of zinc in the rubber compound.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the stabilization of organic materials subject to oxidative degradation. The synergists of this invention possess organothioethyl alcohol segmers or moieties which enhance the antioxidative activity of phenolic and amine stabilizers. The invention is also concerned with compounds that contain an organothioethyl alcohol moiety and their use in oxidizable materials in combination with polymerizable and/or conventional antidegradants.

Abstract: Growth hormones are admixed with various stabilizers to provide for the decreased formation of insolubles and preservation of the soluble bioactivity of the growth hormone in aqueous environments. Examples of such stabilizers include certain polyols, amino acids, polymers of amino acids having a charged side group at physiological PH, and choline salts.

Abstract: There is disclosed polyurethane reaction mixtures containing a novel aromatic diamine as a curative. This invention is also concerned with cured polyurethanes prepared by reacting the aromatic diamine of this invention with a mixture of organic polyisocyanate and polymeric polyol containing an excess of said polyisocyanate or with a prepolymer of said polyisocyanate and a polymeric polyol. The use of the curative of this invention provides sufficient pot life for making castings as well as foams.

Abstract: This invention relates to the discovery that a morpholine polysulfide, such as morpholine tetrasulfide, in combination with a substituted triazine having at least one dialkyl dithiocarbamyl radical provides for excellent vulcanization of rubbers and results in an improved final rubber vulcanizate possessing superior physical properties and reversion resistance.

Abstract: The green strength of synthetic elastomers is improved by forming copolymers from at least one type of various synthetic elastomer forming monomers with a hydroxyl containing monomer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are either hydrogen or a methyl group and R.sub.4 is an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms and A is a methylene or carbonyl group. The green strength is further improved if a small amount of a hydroxyl ester cross-linking agent is utilized.

Abstract: A shaped article such as a container of polyalkylene terephthalate resin is described. The shaped article includes a body portion in which the resin has an average crystallinity of at least about 20 percent. The shaped article is provided with the flange which adjoins the body portion of the article. At least part of the flange has an average crystallinity less than that of the body portion and preferably of not more than about 10 percent. Process and apparatus which may be employed in the manufacture of such an article are also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved emulsion polymerization process. Specifically, this invention relates to an improved method for producing acrylonitrile-butadiene polymers. The improvement is characterized in that a reaction mixture contains a mono-basic alkali phosphate buffer which results in polymers that are resistant to subsequent Mooney rise.