Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting an analog input signal to a digital output signal, provide for simultaneously comparing the input signal to a sequential multiplicity of reference values representing a range of values of the input signal, and asynchronously processing digital results from simultaneous comparison to produce a digital representation of level crossings of the input signal with respect to the multiplicity of reference values.

Abstract: Methods and systems for digital control.

Abstract: A system and method for achieving constant magnification of a scanned three-dimensional item without the use of special optics or other specialized hardware. The system includes the dynamic computation of a camera parameter-dependent factor and applying that factor in real-time to the sampled signal resulting from the scan of the item.

Abstract: Methods and system for automatic identification of repeating patterns of slanted stripe features (marks) on an item.

Abstract: A system and method that enables early detection of hazardous materials, such as explosives and biological materials, in the early phases of mail handling or processing.

Abstract: Methods and systems for interconnecting sub-systems and for identifying combinations of multiple technologies.

Abstract: A method and system for packaging multiple bedding products. The method includes compressing a stack of individual compressed and sealed mattresses between an upper shipping support and a lower shipping support and restraining subsequent expansion of the individual compressed and sealed mattresses with bands enclosing the upper and lower shipping supports and the stack of compressed and sealed mattresses.

Abstract: A method for detecting an object in a body of water by generating a plurality of signals and applying each signal to a separate submerged sonar node that is a part of an array of sonar nodes.

Abstract: Methods of electroless plating metal on a dielectric material includes dipping the dielectric in a solution containing attractive catalytic metal particles and a metal salt solution. A thicker metallic layer can be deposited on top of the resulting layer by electroplating. Electrical circuits and multichip modules including such circuits can be formed having one or more dielectric layers comprised of latex and one or more layers of conductive leads, one or more dielectric layers comprised of a flexible dielectric material, and one or more layers of electrically conductive material patterned to interconnect such ICs. Frames that hold ICs against a substrate may be employed to planarize their top surfaces against the substrate, as well as standard photolithographic techniques in creating conductive paths on the dielectric material between the ICs.

Abstract: An optical interconnect system having a first optical sub-system and a second optical sub-system, each optical sub-system having a first end and a second end, and further having a preselected length, and a preselected width. Means are fixedly secured to the first end of the optical sub-system for emitting electromagnetic radiation and means are fixedly secured to said second end of said optical sub-system for receiving the emitted electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A system and method for graphing mathematical features of a given function within an optimum viewing window. The system and method can also highlight the mathematical features. Further, for example, the system and method can determine the various behaviors of the function and highlight curve segments of concavity, increase/decrease, and where the function is constant.

Abstract: Field flatteners that can correct large field curvatures.

Abstract: A tactical vehicle has a driver position and a command position, and possibly other positions such as a gunner position. The dashboard provides a plurality of displays and warning lights viewable from the driver position to provide information for the driver of a vehicle and arranged to be monitored from the command position. There are also a plurality of displays and communications devices viewable from the command position to provide information for the commander sitting in the passenger seat of such vehicle. There is a vehicle management display, climate control panel and vehicle intercom devices accessible for use from the driver position and also from the command position. At least one of the displays is constructed and arranged to be video matrixed so that the information is viewable from both the driver position and the command position, and also from a gunner position if one is provided.

Abstract: Replacement of the amorphous peptide domain of a structural biopolymer, such as silk from silkworms or spiders, with a nonpeptide segment while maintaining the ?-sheet forming crystalline segments provides synthetic multiblock copolymers having solid-state structures and mechanical properties similar to the naturally occurring structural biopolymer is described herein. Such synthetic multiblock copolymers may be produced as films or fibers.

Abstract: A servo control system having a proportional (P) or a proportional plus integral (PI) position controller, which output signal represents an input speed reference signal for a speed close loop system with a speed controller detecting a speed deviation, derived from a speed feedback loop, which output signal represents an input current reference signal for a current close loop system with a current controller detecting a current deviation, derived from a current feedback loop, which controls an amount of the current flowing through a motor.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting if an object has been tampered with comprising a characterizer, a comparator, and indicator, and optionally, a signer. The characterizer generates a first digital characterization of an object at a first time and at least one subsequent digital characterization of the object at at least one subsequent time. The comparator compares the first digital characterization with the at least one subsequent digital characterization, and the indicator generates a pre-selected characterization signal if the first and subsequent digital characterizations don't match. Optionally, the first digital characterization can be accompanied by a first digital signature. The signer optionally verifies the digital signature at the at least one subsequent time.

Abstract: Method and systems for early detection of potentially hazardous material associated with the collection of mail or other objects. In an embodiment of the method of this invention, image characteristics for an image of an item being examined are obtained. A predetermined profile is then retrieved from a profile database. The image characteristics for the image of the item are compared to the image characteristics present in the predetermined profile. If the image characteristics present in the predetermined profile substantially match the image characteristics for the image of the item, the item is identified for special processing. If the image characteristics present in the predetermined profile do not substantially match the image characteristics for the image of the item, another predetermined profile is retrieved and compared to the image characteristics for the image of the item. A system that implements the method of this invention includes a transport sub-system and a computing sub-system.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for regulating gate delays of synchronous and asynchronous digital circuits. Thermally-sensitive circuits include, generally, temperature sensitive voltage sources outputting a voltage signal indicative of the temperature of the digital circuit, where the voltage signal reflects non-linear temperature sensitivity above a predetermined threshold temperature, and delay mechanisms receiving said temperature sensitive voltage signal(s) as input and being configured to automatically continuously modulate the speed of signal propagation through the circuit in response to said voltage signal, thereby causing circuit elements within the circuits to switch less frequently and consequently causing the circuit elements to generate less heat with increasing circuit temperature.

Abstract: Method of forming one or more doped regions in a semiconductor substrate and semiconductor junctions formed thereby, using gas cluster ion beams.

Abstract: Circuit modules and methods of construction thereof that contain composite meta-material dielectric bodies that have high effective values of real permittivity but which minimize reflective losses, through the use of host dielectric (organic or ceramic), materials having relative permittivities substantially less than ceramic dielectric inclusions embedded therein. The composite meta-material bodies permit reductions in physical lengths of electrically conducting elements such as antenna element(s) without adversely impacting radiation efficiency. The meta-material structure may additionally provide frequency band filtering functions that would normally be provided by other components typically found in an RF front-end.