Abstract: The present invention utilizes a series of optical and electronic elements to detect and image cancerous and/or pre-cancerous cells in living tissue. The invention further uses the images thus obtained to adaptively and dynamically shape a treatment light beam so as to maximize the beam's intensity in proportion to the areas with the most cancer or pre-cancer and to minimize the irradiation of normal tissue by the beam.

Abstract: A mail depository apparatus includes a rigid housing forming a channel adapted for directing deposited mail items and an interface member adapted to attach a flexible container to the housing for receiving deposited mail items from the channel, wherein the interface member is adapted to seal the flexible container to the housing to substantially prevent escape of air from the flexible container and the housing at the interface member.

Abstract: A piston (10), a spring (15) operatively coupled to a piston, the spring being inside (21) or outside (41) the piston, and if the spring is inside the piston, the diameter of the spring is equal to 0.7 to 0.9, and if it is outside of the piston it is an external coil spring which is outside the cylinder which contains the piston and is able to provide a force of thousands of pounds per inch, and furthermore so that at light load the compression ratio (CR) is greater than 13 to 1 designated as CR0, at medium load has a compression ratio less then CR0 but greater than CReff, and at wide open throttle (WOT) has a CR equal to Creff, the CR is less than CR0 as would occur at medium or higher load which would lead to a flexing of the spring, and the cycle on the compression stroke is known as the HCX cycle where the pressure goes between Ppre and less than or equal to Pf.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to compositions and methods used to ascertain if putative antibiotics trigger a cell envelope stress response in bacterial organisms. In one aspect of the invention, three two-component systems are described: LiaR & LiaS (formerly YvqCE); YvcP & YvcQ; and BceR & BceS (formerly YtsAB). These systems, for example, can be used to analyze antibiotics such as vancomycin, bacitracin, nisin, and ramoplanin, which interfere with the lipid II cycle in the cytoplasmic membrane.

Abstract: A method for equalizing data and systems utilizing the method. The method of this invention for equalizing (by shortening the channel response) data includes minimizing a function of the data and a number of equalizer characteristic parameters, where the function utilizes auto-correlation data corresponding to equalized data. Updated equalizer characteristic parameters are then obtained from the minimization and an initial set of equalizer characteristic parameters. Finally, the received data is processed utilizing the equalizer defined by the minimization. The method of this invention can be implemented in an equalizer and the equalizer of this invention may be included in a system for receiving data.

Abstract: A real-time software receiver that executes on a general purpose processor. The software receiver includes data acquisition and correlator modules that perform, in place of hardware correlation, baseband mixing and PRN code correlation using bit-wise parallelism.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sampling potential biohazard particles in an air flow tests for biological particles in the air flow; collects a sample of particulate matter from a specific portion of the air flow in response to an indication in the step of sensing of the presence of biological particles in the specific portion of the air flow, and delays particle movement between the steps of sensing and collecting to coordinate the steps of sensing and collecting to the specific portion of the air flow.

Abstract: Capping layer or layers on a surface of a copper interconnect wiring layer for use in interconnect structures for integrated circuits and methods of forming improved integration interconnection structures for integrated circuits by the application of gas-cluster ion-beam processing. Reduced copper diffusion and improved electromigration lifetime result and the use of selective metal capping techniques and their attendant yield problems are avoided.

Abstract: A closeable mail receptacle for use inside of a drop box, includes a rectangular tub having an open top, and a top cover adapted to engage the open top and close the tub either prior to or during removal of the tub from the drop box. The top cover may include a peripheral frame adapted to engage the open top. The rectangular tub may be a standard mail flat tub and further include a non-permeable liner located within the common mail flat tub. The rectangular tub may include a peripheral flange extending horizontally outwardly from around the open top.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the context of a wireless device is disclosed. An emitter (108) transmits an infrared signal to a wireless client (112). Emitter (108) is placed at a known location and has a known coverage area associated therewith. The location and coverage area form a locational context for emitter (108) and a client (112) located within the coverage area. Emitter (108) receives data from a service provider (102). The received data is relevant to the locational context of emitter (108). Emitter (108) transmits the data to client (112) using a diffuse infrared signal (142). Client (112) receives the signal and processes it such that only information of interest to a user of client (112) is displayed.

Abstract: A system and method for capturing turntable expressions using generated high-powered and low-powered signals to transduce the absolute position and velocity information of forward and reverse movements of a turntable stylus.

Abstract: A method and system provide measures of the performance of a region of interest identification algorithm. The method includes obtaining known region of interest data for an object. A candidate region of interest for that object is identified using the region of interest identification algorithm to be evaluated. Candidate region of interest data is then obtained. The known region of interest is superimposed on the candidate region of interest. The area of the overlap between the known region of interest and the candidate region of interest is determined. Finally, a measure of performance based on the area overlap is obtained. The method is implemented in a system including one or more processors and or memories.

Abstract: A method for approximating a base 2 logarithm of a binary input and the circuit to implement the method are disclosed. The circuit comprises means for determining the integer portion of the logarithm, a lookup table module, a residual function module, an adder module and a register. This circuit performs the approximation in one system clock cycle time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for irradiating one or more substrate surfaces with accelerated gas clusters including strain-inducing atoms for blanket and/or localized introduction of such atoms into semiconductor substrates, with additional, optional introduction of dopant atoms and/or C. Processes for forming semiconductor films infused into and/or deposited onto the surfaces of semiconductor and/or dielectric substrates are also described. Such films may be doped and/or strained as well.

Abstract: An interactive personal security system utilizing a portable object having embedded therein all or a combination of a microphone, still and video cameras, distance sensor, a timer, speakers, a motion sensor, a tracking transponder, a receiver, and a transmitter operably connected to a power source and a conventional microprocessor including input devices, random access memory, read only memory and a database. Sounds and images are transmitted to remote monitoring stations by radio waves or microwaves for radio or television broadcasting or recording on a tape recorder or VCR. Alarms are transmitted to telephones and beepers. Face and voice recognition software identifies the people speaking, playing or attempting to kidnap the child. Sensors identify the presence of persons or animals or a child wandering out of a restricted area. Speakers allow guardians to communicate two-ways with the child, thereby responding to the immediate needs of the child.

Abstract: A comprehensive system and method of rendering the mail safe for handling and for detecting and containing suspect pieces and which can be fitted or retrofitted into mail and package processing facilities with relative ease. The system of the present invention includes a mail tray initial neutralizing sub-system, a subsequent neutralizing sub-system, an analyzing (potentially hazardous material detection) sub-system, a diverting mechanism, and a receiving and holding sub-system (secure out-sort pocket). All components can be controlled or operate in conjunction with a processing/computing sub-system. A feeder sub-system provides the mail from trays, after initial neutralization by the initial neutralizing sub-system, to the mail transport system.

Abstract: A military vehicle configured for transport by cargo aircraft. The vehicle has a cab portion that can be reduced in height by removing and/or collapsing and/or telescoping various components of the cab, such as the doors, roof, roll bar, windshield, and/or steering column.

Abstract: An x-ray source includes an insulating tube having a cylindrical inside surface defining a cylindrical vacuum cavity, a cathode located near a first end of the insulating tube and adapted to be optically heated for emitting electrons, an anode adapted for a voltage bias with respect to the cathode for accelerating electrons emitted from the cathode, an x-ray emitter target located near a second end of the insulating tube for impact by accelerated electrons, and a secondary emission reduction layer covering at least a portion of the inside surface and adapted to minimize charge build-up on the inside surface, wherein the insulating tube is adapted to be weakly conductive to support a uniform voltage gradient along the insulating tube and across the voltage bias between the cathode and the anode.

Abstract: In order to render information contained in images more detectable in the presence of noise, the present invention discloses a system and method to binarize the images in the presence of noise. The method of this invention comprises the steps of applying a dynamic range reducing filter to the digitized image values, obtaining a range reduced image; applying an edge detecting filter to the range reduced image, obtaining a filtered image; and then, adaptively binarizing the digitized image utilizing the corresponding filtered image to obtain an adaptive threshold.