Abstract: When a color negative film is developed in 2 minutes or less at a temperature of less than 40.degree. C. and contains in overlying blue and green recording layer units high bromide silver halide grains containing from 1 to 10 mole percent iodide, based on silver, and in an underlying red recording layer unit high bromide silver halide grains containing less than 0.05 mole percent iodide, based on silver, and at least 1.times.10.sup.-6 mole per silver mole of a hexacoordination complex of a Group 8 metal and coordination ligands, at least four of the ligands being anionic and at least one of the ligands being more electronegative than halide ligands, loss of lower scale contrast in the red record attributable to the faster time of development is avoided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a silver halide radiographic product intended for industrial radiography as well as a novel radiographic system and a method for forming the radiographic image.The present invention concerns a photographic product designed to be exposed to X or .gamma. radiation, which comprises a support covered on at least one face with a layer of silver halide emulsion which contains an efficient amount of at least one free spectral sensitizing dye.This product, intended for industrial radiography, exhibits improved contrast.

Abstract: A process is disclosed of precipitating high chloride {100 } tabular grain emulsions having an average tabular grain thickness of less than 0.3 micrometer. Higher average grain equivalent circular diameters and aspect ratios are realized by employing a gelatino-peptizer during at least a portion of the precipitation that satisfies the formula:(Pro+Hypro).div.(Ser+Thr)=<4.0wherein Pro, Hypro, Ser and Thr represent the proline, hydroxyproline, serine, and threonine amino acid components, respectively, of the gelatino-peptizer. When the formula satisfying gelatino-peptizer is present during grain nucleation and contains at least 40 micromoles of methionine per gram of gelatino-peptizer, the high chloride {100} tabular grains account for a high proportion of total grain projected area. When the formula satisfying gelatino-peptizer is present during grain growth and contains <4 micromoles of methionine per gram of gelatino-peptizer, the time required to prepare the emulsion is reduced.

Abstract: Photographically useful radiation-sensitive high chloride {100} tabular grain emulsions containing iodide are disclosed. A high proportion of the {100} tabular grains contain crystal lattice dislocations extending inwardly from their peripheral edges. The dislocations are created by introducing elemental iodine into a high chloride {100} tabular grain emulsion, reducing the iodine to iodide, displacing chloride ions at the peripheral edges of the tabular grains with iodide ions, and then continuing growth of the high chloride {100} tabular grains. The dislocations in the peripheral and, particularly, corner regions of the tabular grains increase their sensitivity.

Abstract: A process of preparing a high bromide {100} tabular grain emulsion is disclosed wherein mean ECD of the tabular grains obtained at the conclusion of ripening is controlled by the use of chloride ion. Specifically, both the concentration of chloride ion introduced before grain nucleation and the proportion of chloride ion and bromide ion present during nucleation are shown to allow control of final mean grain ECD in the fully ripened emulsion.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing high chloride {100} tabular grain emulsions containing crystal lattice dislocations in peripheral regions of the tabular grains. In the initial step of the process a radiation-sensitive high chloride {100} tabular grain emulsion is produced to provide host grains. Lateral growth lateral growth of the {100} major surfaces of the tabular grains is extended by precipitating a high chloride peripheral region onto the host tabular grains. After the host grains have been provided an iodide ion source compound with a maximum second order reaction rate constant within the dispersing medium of less than 1.times.10.sup.3 mole.sup.-1 sec.sup.-1 is introduced into the host emulsion to release iodide ions for incorporation into the tabular grains at their peripheral edges by chloride ion displacement. In the resulting emulsion 10 or more crystal lattice dislocations extending inwardly from the peripheral edges of the {100} tabular grains are observed.

Abstract: Dual-coated radiographic elements are disclosed employing thin tabular grain emulsions that exhibit increased covering power and colder image tones by limiting hydrophilic colloid coating coverages in the thin tabular grain emulsion layers to less than 15 mg/dm.sup.2.

Abstract: The problem of sensing the presence of radiographic elements using infrared sensors that occurs when a radiographic element contains one or more very thin tabular grain emulsions a total silver coating coverage of less than 30 mg/dm.sup.2 is addressed by placing particles in one or more non-emulsion hydrophilic colloid layers. The particles are removable during rapid access processing, have a mean equivalent circular diameter of from 0.3 to 1.1 .mu.m, and have an index of refraction at the wavelength of the infrared radiation that differs from the index of refraction of the hydrophilic colloid by at least 0.2.

Abstract: A dual-coated radiographic element capable of producing a viewable image when heated following imagewise exposure is disclosed comprised of, on opposite sides of a transparent film, layer units containing radiation-sensitive radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, a light-insensitive source of silver, and a reducing agent for said light-insensitive reducible source of silver. Greater than 50 percent of total projected area of said silver halide grains being provided by tabular grains (a) having {100} major faces, (b) containing greater than 70 mole percent chloride, based on silver, (c) exhibiting an average thickness of less than 0.3 .mu.m, and (d) exhibiting an average equivalent circular diameter of greater than 0.6 .mu.m.

Abstract: Radiographic elements useful for therapy imaging are disclosed each comprised of a film support having first and second major surfaces and capable of transmitting radiation to which the radiographic element is responsive and, coated on both of the major surfaces, processing solution permeable hydrophilic colloid layers which are fully forehardened and limited to less than 45 mg/dm.sup.2 of hydrophilic colloid to facilitate processing in less than 45 seconds, at least one of said layers on each major surface including light-sensitive silver halide grains capable of providing a contrast in the range of from 4 to 8 and containing less than 3 mole percent iodide, based on silver, the hydrophilic colloid layers allowing at least 30 percent crossover within a spectral region within which the silver halide grains are light-sensitive. The radiographic elements are useful for either in localization or verification imaging.

Abstract: A process is disclosed of precipitating a high chloride {100} tabular grain photographic emulsion in which iodide incorporation in previously formed grain nuclei is relied upon to create the crystal lattice defects responsible for tabular grain growth. Undesirable dilution of the emulsion is avoided by replacing soluble iodide salt solution addition with iodine solution addition, allowing the volume of the iodine solution to be limited to less than 10 percent of the emulsion volume at the conclusion of tabular grain growth.

Abstract: A process of preparing a photothermographic composition of enhanced photosensitivity is disclosed comprised of (a) precipitating light-sensitive silver halide grains in the presence of a non-aqueous polymeric peptizer and (b) then combining the silver halide grains with an oxidation-reduction image-forming combination comprised of an organic silver compound and a reducing agent for the silver organic compound. Light-sensitivity of the silver halide grains is enhanced by, prior to step (b), sensitizing the silver halide grains with a gold sensitizer dissolved in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: Medical diagnostic radiographic elements capable of being processed in less than 45 seconds are disclosed that exhibit reduced gloss non-uniformities, Gloss non-uniformity reduction is attributable to the presence of a hydrophilic colloid layer overlying the imaging layer unit containing radiation-sensitive nontabular silver halide grains accounting for from 0.5 to less than 10 percent of monolayer coverage and having a mean equivalent circular diameter ranging from greater than the thickness of the overlying hydrophilic colloid layer up to 1.6 times the thickness of the overlying hydrophilic colloid layer.

Abstract: A mammographic medical diagnostic radiographic element is disclosed that produces sharp images and is capable of being processed in less than 60 seconds. Each of imaging and antihalation fully forehardened hydrophilic colloid layer units are coated on the opposite sides of a transparent film support at a hydrophilic colloid coating coverage of less than 55 mg/dm.sup.2. The radiation-sensitive silver halide grains contained in the imaging layer unit are provided by a tabular grain emulsion coated at a coverage capable of providing a maximum density on processing of greater than 3.6. To provide a mid-scale contrast of greater than 3.0 and a lower scale contrast of greater than 2.2, the radiation-sensitive grains (a) exhibit an equivalent circular diameter coefficient of variation grain of less than 15 percent and (b) contain rhodium in a normalized molar concentration of less than 1.times.10.sup.-6 based on silver.

Abstract: A mammographic medical diagnostic radiographic element is disclosed having emulsion layers coated on opposite surfaces of a transparent film support. To facilitate rapid processing the emulsion layers are fully forehardened and less than 35 mg/dm.sup.2 of hydrophilic colloid is coated on each major surface. To reduce crossover and hydrophilic colloid, emulsions on the opposite sides of the support are each divided into two layers with the layer coated nearest the support containing a particulate dye capable of being decolorized during processing. Particulate dye and silver halide grains together account for between 30 and 70 percent of the total weight of the emulsion layers. Combined with the use of spectrally sensitized tabular grain emulsions crossover can be reduced to less than 15 percent while processing can be completed in less than 45 seconds. The distribution of hydrophilic colloid and silver halide grains chosen achieves low wet pressure sensitivity.

Abstract: A radiographic element is disclosed capable of producing a maximum density of at least 3.0 when imagewise exposed and processed in less than 45 seconds. The element includes magenta dye or dyes, including a dye for spectrally sensitizing radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, that leave a residual density at 505 nm of greater than 0.1 when the element is processed. Transmission of red light through the radiographic element when imagewise exposed and processed to produce a viewable image is reduced by the incorporation in at least one of the hydrophilic colloid layers of at least one ionic linear condensation polymer containing a cyan phthalocyanine dye.

Abstract: A photothermographic composition of enhanced photosensitivity is disclosed prepared by a process of (a) precipitating light-sensitive silver halide grains in the presence of a non-aqueous polymeric peptizer and (b) then combining the silver halide grains with a non-aqueous polymeric vehicle containing an oxidation-reduction image-forming combination comprised of an organic silver compound and a reducing agent for the organic silver compound. Light-sensitivity of the silver halide grains is enhanced by, prior to step (b), sensitizing the silver halide grains with a 1,1,3,3-tetra-substituted thiourea or selenourea having an acid dissociation constant of less than 7.0, the thiourea or selenourea being dissolved in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: An element is disclosed containing a photothermographic layer capable of providing a retained viewable image when imagewise exposed and heated. The Layer contains a high chloride {100} tabular grains.

Abstract: A dual-coated radiographic element is disclosed that is capable of providing improved gastrointestinal tract images. Specifically, the radiographic elements are capable of simultaneously providing a maximum density of less than 3.0, a contrast in the range of from 1.0 to 2.0 over a lower exposure region (typically achieved by adding barium to the gastrointestinal tract) extending over an exposure range of 0.3 log E, a contrast of in the range of from 1.0 to 2.0 over a higher exposure region (typically achieved by adding an effervescent substance to the gastrointestinal tract) extending over an exposure range of 0.6 log E, and a contrast greater than 3.5 over an intermediate exposure region extending over an exposure range of 0.6 log E. To accomplish this, underlying and overlying spectrally sensitized tabular grain emulsion layers are coated on each major surface of a support.

Abstract: A dual-coated radiographic element is disclosed that is capable of simultaneously providing acceptable thoracic cavity imaging of both heart and lung anatomical features while employing a symmetrical coating format. The element allows reduced processing times while avoiding wet pressure sensitivity. This is achieved by reducing crossover to less than 5 percent using a crossover reducing dye in a polydispersed tabular grain emulsion layer coated nearest each major surface of the support. The tabular grain emulsion contains a rhodium dopant. A polydispersed outer tabular grain emulsion layer is coated over the polydispersed tabular grain emulsion coated nearest the support. Total hydrophilic colloid per side and the distribution of silver between the emulsion layers is controlled to allow processing in less than 45 seconds while avoiding wet pressure sensitivity.