Abstract: Unique abrasive and/or thickening materials that are in situ generated compositions of precipitated silicas and silica gels are provided. Such compositions exhibit different beneficial characteristics depending on the structure of the composite in situ generated material. With low structured composites (as measured via linseed oil absorption levels from 40 to 100 ml oil absorbed/100 g composite), simultaneously high pellicle film cleaning properties and moderate dentin abrasion levels are possible in order to accord the user a dentifrice that effectively cleans tooth surfaces without detrimentally abrading such surfaces. Increased amounts of high structure composite materials tend to accord greater viscosity build and thickening benefits together with such desirable abrasion and cleaning properties, albeit to a lesser extent than for the low structure types.

Abstract: Coated particles of metal (such as calcium) silicate that exhibit excellent odor neutralization and sebum absorption properties when present within certain cosmetic and/or personal care formulations and suspensions are provided. Uncoated calcium silicate exhibits a high pH level that may have a deleterious effect upon such cosmetic and/or personal care compositions, thereby rendering the overall composition ineffective for its intended purpose, particularly if the calcium silicate is present in its usual state at high loading levels. Alternatively, if certain materials present within personal care compositions exhibit a sufficiently low pH level, the effectiveness of such calcium silicates may be compromised as well.

Abstract: Unique abrasive and/or thickening materials that are in situ generated compositions of precipitated silicas and silica gels are provided. Such compositions exhibit different beneficial characteristics depending on the structure of the composite in situ generated material. With low structured composites (as measured via linseed oil absorption levels from 40 to 100 ml oil absorbed/100 g composite), simultaneously high pellicle film cleaning properties and moderate dentin abrasion levels are possible in order to accord the user a dentifrice that effectively cleans tooth surfaces without detrimentally abrading such surfaces. Increased amounts of high structure composite materials tend to accord greater viscosity build and thickening benefits together with such desirable abrasion and cleaning properties, albeit to a lesser extent than for the low structure types.

Abstract: Coated particles of metal (such as calcium) silicate that exhibit excellent odor neutralization and sebum absorption properties when present within certain cosmetic and/or personal care formulations and suspensions are provided. Uncoated calcium silicate exhibits a high pH level that may have a deleterious effect upon such cosmetic and/or personal care compositions, thereby rendering the overall composition ineffective for its intended purpose, particularly if the calcium silicate is present in its usual state at high loading levels. Alternatively, if certain materials present within personal care compositions exhibit a sufficiently low pH level, the effectiveness of such calcium silicates may be compromised as well.

Abstract: Methods for the removal of lead from a metal silicate during the process of manufacturing of such a material are provided. With the reliance upon lower cost starting silicon dioxide starting materials that are known to exhibit elevated amounts of heavy metal therein for the purpose of producing metal silicates (such as sodium silicate, as one example), it has been realized that removal of significant amounts of such heavy metals is necessary to comply with certain regulatory requirements in order to provide a finished material that exhibits the same low level of heavy metal contamination as compared with finished materials that are made from more expensive, purer starting silicon dioxides. Two general methods may be followed for such decontamination purposes. One entails the introduction of a calcium phosphate material, such as dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and/or hydroxyapatite, to a formed metal silicate solution but prior to filtering.

Abstract: Method of use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of resin-wood composites, and methods of making engineered wood products using calibrated near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic instrumentation for quantitative analysis of resin-wood composites.

Abstract: A new and useful method of simultaneously producing and granulating anhydrous dicalcium phosphate is provided. Such a method entails the reaction of concentrated phosphoric acid with a powdered material of lime and/or calcium carbonate in substantially equal stoichiometric amounts, with subsequent, mixing, drying, milling, and sieving to provide the correct target particle size range for the resultant granulated materials. Such specifically produced granulated anhydrous dicalcium phosphate materials exhibit very high available calcium levels, excellent flow characteristics, and very high capability for compression into tablets. Products including such particularly produced granulated anhydrous dicalcium phosphate materials are also encompassed within this invention.

Abstract: A new and useful method of simultaneously producing and granulating composite materials for simultaneous internal delivery of high amounts of calcium and phosphate to a subject (person or animal) is provided. Such a method entails the dropwise addition of concentrated phosphoric acid within a specified amount of water into a vessel containing a powdered material of lime and/or calcium carbonate, with the lime and/or calcium carbonate present in an excessive amount of the phosphoric acid, with subsequent, mixing, drying, milling, and sieving to provide the correct target particle size range for the resultant granulated materials. Such specifically produced granulated calcium carbonate/dicalcium phosphate materials exhibit very high available calcium levels, very high available phosphate levels, excellent flow characteristics, and very high capability for compression into tablets. Products including such particularly produced composite materials are also encompassed within this invention.

Abstract: Unique abrasive materials that are in situ generated compositions of precipitated silicas and silica gels are provided. Such compositions exhibit different beneficial, particularly simultaneously high pellicle film cleaning properties and moderate dentin abrasion levels. Such a result thus accords the user a dentifrice that effectively cleans tooth surfaces without detrimentally abrading such surfaces. Furthermore, the produced abrasive materials also exhibit very high and desirable brightness properties that permit easy incorporation and utilization within dentifrices for aesthetic purposes. Encompassed within this invention is a unique method for making such gel/precipitated silica composite materials for such a purpose, particularly under high shear conditions, as well as the different materials within the structure ranges described above and dentifrices comprising such.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for regulating the porosity and printing properties of paper, in particular uncoated wood-containing paper such as SC-paper, wherein a sufficient quantity of colloidal PCC having a BET surface area of 10-100 m2/g is used as a filler in the paper to achieve a desired porosity of the paper; as well as paper containing colloidal PCC as filler, and a pigment mixture suitable for paper manufacture and containing colloidal PCC.

Abstract: Unique abrasive and/or thickening materials that are in situ generated compositions of precipitated silicas and silica gels are provided. Such compositions exhibit different beneficial characteristics depending on the structure of the composite in situ generated material. With low structured composites (as measured via linseed oil absorption levels from 40 to 100 ml oil absorbed/100 g composite), simultaneously high pellicle film cleaning properties and moderate dentin abrasion levels are possible in order to accord the user a dentifrice that effectively cleans tooth surfaces without detrimentally abrading such surfaces. Increased amounts of high structure composite materials tend to accord greater viscosity build and thickening benefits together with such desirable abrasion and cleaning properties, albeit to a lesser extent than for the low structure types.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silica substrate treated with a polysiloxane, and an organosilane, wherein the organosilane is described by the formula: RSi(R?)x(OR?)3-x; wherein R is a long-chain hydrocarbon group having between about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, which may also contain organofunctional groups such as vinyl, methacryl, amino, sulfur, and epoxy groups; R? and R? are independently selected from a methyl and ethyl group; and X is either 0 or 1. The optimal use for the treated silica substrate is as a rheology modifier in epoxy polymer materials, however, the silica substrate could also be used in other chemical compositions such as polyurethanes, polyesters, silicones, and hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Precipitated silica comprising porous silica particles having a cumulative surface area for all pores having diameters greater than 500 ? of less than 8 m2/g, as measured by mercury intrusion, and a percentage cetylpyridinium chloride (% CPC) Compatibility of greater than about 55%. The precipitated silica product is especially well-adapted for use in dentifrices containing cetylpyridinium chloride, which do not attach to the low surface area silica product in a meaningful level and thus remain available for antimicrobial action. Processes for making the silica product are also provided.

Abstract: Lighweight lignocellulosic board materials, such as oriented strand board and others, having reduced densities while maintaining suitable mechanical properties, and methods for their manufacture.

Abstract: Pigment suitable for use in coating compositions for inkjet recording media. Surfaces of an inorganic particulate are interacted with a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt in an aqueous medium. The treated particle surfaces have a significant cationic surface charge imparted to them. The salt is a salt of a metal of Group II or Group III of the Periodic Table. Inkjet recording media treated with a coating composition containing the above pigment provide high density, fast-drying, and non-feathering ink images with suitable water fastness, while the coating compositions also offer cost advantages and improved rheology at higher pigment levels over coatings based on silica pigments.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite material comprising a boehmite substrate coated with a precipitated silica, the composite having a BET specific surface area of from 1 m2/g to 50 m2/g, such that the composite material has a % silica coating parameter value of about 5% to about 50%. Also disclosed is a dentifrice comprising this composite material. When included in a dentifrice composition, the composite material not only provides excellent abrasive and cleaning performance but also has compatibility with other ingredients used in dentifrice formulations, such as fluoride, flavors and cationic species.

Abstract: A board is provided that includes a pattern to facilitate attachment of the board to a frame structure. The pattern comprises a first array of marks disposed along a first imaginary line; a second array of marks disposed along a second imaginary line, said first and second imaginary lines being spaced a first predetermined distance apart; and a third array of marks disposed along a third imaginary line, said first and third imaginary lines being spaced a second predetermined distance apart. The board may be used in a variety of construction applications, where the pattern facilitates the quick attachment of the board to an underlying frame.

Abstract: An abrasive, amorphous precipitated silica is provided that provides excellent abrasive performance, but also has a relatively high degree of transmittance, and an index of refraction that is sufficiently low to allow it to be a component of a transparent toothpaste composition having a relatively high concentration of water. The amorphous precipitated silica composition has a refractive index of less than about 1.4387, a light transmittance of greater than about 48%; and a Brass Einlehner abrasion value of greater than about 5 mg loss/100,000 rev. A dentifrice having a haze value of less than about 70 may be prepared using this abrasive, amorphous silica.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silica substrate treated with a polysiloxane, and an organosilane, wherein the organosilane is described by the formula: RSi(R?)x(OR?)3-x; wherein R is a long-chain hydrocarbon group having between about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, which may also contain organofunctional groups such as vinyl, methacryl, amino, sulfur, and epoxy groups; R? and R? are independently selected from a methyl and ethyl group; and X is either 0 or 1. The optimal use for the treated silica substrate is as a rheology modifier in epoxy polymer materials, however, the silica substrate could also be used in other chemical compositions such as polyurethanes, polyesters, silicones, and hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Cyclone separator for separating wood pieces and gas that includes a deagglomerator mechanism that prevents wood piece masses, clumps, wads and the like from plugging or clogging up the system.