Abstract: In providing a system that can manage access to data to effectively prevent illegal access to the data or the like, there is provided a system for embedding access management information that prepares management information for managing access to the data, and embeds the management information in the data through data transformation without changing amount of data. In managing access to data, there is provided a method that extracts management information embedded in the data through data deformation without changing amount of data, and manages access to the data according to the extracted management information. There is also provided a method for changing management of access to the data according to the type of medium in which the data is stored (RAM or ROM).

Abstract: A cluster system controls the interface properties of the films that deposit or grow on a silicon substrate. The system comprises a plurality of horizontal quartz chamber or tubes each of which can hold a large quantity of wafers, a transfer chamber and a load/unload chamber. Several process steps can be executed sequentially in different tubes without intermediate exposure to ambient air. A transfer chamber connects them and allows wafer transportation from one tube to another in an absolute controlled UHV environment which limits any contamination such as H2O, to less than a monolayer level. In addition, each tube can be pumped down to UHV pressure regime to avoid further cross contamination between tubes or particle generation. Since some of the process requires elevated temperature, all wafers are placed vertically on the quartz boat to prevent any wafer sagging as in a vertical furnace.

Abstract: The method of the present invention transforms descriptor vectors that characterize molecular complexes partitioned into groups into a space that discriminates between those groups in a well defined optimal sense. First data is generated that represents a differences between the groups of descriptor vectors. Second data is generated representing variation within the groups of descriptor vectors. A set of component vectors is then identified that maximizes an F distributed criterion function that measures differences of desciptor vectors between groups relative to varations of descriptor vectors within groups. A statistic is generated for subsets of the component vectors. For each particular subset of component vectors, a probability value for the statistic associated with the particular subset is calculated. The subset with the minimum probability value is selected.

Abstract: In a data communication network, a system for protecting parts of the network. The system comprises a plurality of user nodes linked together within the network. Each user node comprises means for transmitting list indicating to other nodes in the network the identification of allowed senders and receivers; and two or more security nodes within the network; each security node detects transmission and relays each signal only to the recipients specified in the list.

Abstract: A compositionally modulated material electroplated film is deposited by using at least two source metal anodes in an electroplating apparatus, and changing at least one contact area between an anode an electrolyte. In order to obtain sharp boundaries between successive layers of the film, voltage can be switched from an electroplating substrate to a dummy electrode immediately before the contact area is changed, in order to allow the electrolyte to equilibrate at a new set of solute concentrations, before electroplating on the substrate is recommenced.

Abstract: In a data communication network, a system for protecting parts of the network. The system comprises a plurality of user nodes linked together within the network. Each user node comprises means for transmitting list indicating to other nodes in the network the identification of allowed senders and receivers; and two or more security nodes within the network; each security node detects transmission and relays each signal only to the recipients specified in the list.

Abstract: A compositionally modulated material electroplated film is deposited by using at least two source metal anodes in an electroplating apparatus, and changing at least one power setting of an electroplating power supply. In order to obtain sharp boundaries between successive layers of the film, voltage can be switched from an electroplating substrate to a dummy electrode immediately before the power setting is changed, in order to allow the electrolyte to equilibrate at a new set of solute concentrations, before electroplating on the substrate is recommenced.

Abstract: A system for time-correlated photon counting. The system uses one or more photon detectors to produce electrical pulses corresponding to photons read from a target. The system uses a discriminator with a first input coupled to a trigger output from a pulsed optical source and a second input for receiving the electrical pulses. A time-to-pulse height converter is used for producing a series of difference signals each with a respective maxima and whose magnitude is related to the time difference between the trigger output and the electrical pulses. In addition, the system employs a pulse shaping electronic circuit for receiving pulsed electrical output and producing a series of one or more characteristic signals. An A/D converter with a first input receives the difference signals and a second input receives part of the characteristic signals.

Abstract: A hard disk has a servo loop and a rotating storage medium. The rotating storage medium has one or more significant flutter modes at frequencies below a zero cross frequency of a rejection transfer function of the servo loop. The effect of the forgoing is to allow the servo loop to better track a rotating medium that is subject to significant flutter. Peak filters with frequency bands that substantially overlap frequency bands of the significant flutter modes can also be added to the servo loop to further improve tracking. Multiple narrow band filters with frequency bands overlap can be used to cover the spectrum of a single flutter mode. Two lag-lead filters, the frequency responses of which overlap can be used to cover two adjacent significant flutter modes. At frequencies intermediate to the two adjacent flutter, modes, the lead caused by one filter, will be cancelled by the lag caused by the second.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of loading Java ClassFiles on to a Java Virtual Machine. On a regular JVM the ClassFile are loaded as and when required. In this specification there is described a method of implementing an object oriented program language such as Java on a computer. The method comprises identifying a class, one of the basic building blocks of the language, which is not within the program domain, that is not loaded into the Java a Virtual Machine. Next it introduces to the program domain only the minimum components of the class which are necessary for commencing processing of the class. The class may comprise several blocks of data representing the methods of the class, since the class may only have been identified because one of the methods within the class was referenced then only the block of data representing this method is loaded into the Java Virtual Machine along with the other essential components of the class.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET device gate includes patterning and etching the mesa of a gate material. A dielectric layer is formed on the mesa and is planarized using chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). The active gate dimension is patterned and etched to form source and drain wells that extend down to an active area on either side of the MOSFET gate. In one further embodiment, the wells are filled with metal and the metal is planarized. The MOSFET device, in one embodiment, includes source and drain wells equally spaced from the active gate.

Abstract: A method for processing time-resolved optical emission data (“waveforms”) comprises processing both a first and a second waveform, and analyzing the results. The processing uses a substantial portion of the waveform and not merely the peaks of the waveform. A system which implements the method, and a computer readable medium which contains instructions for implementing the method, are also disclosed. The embodiments disclose methods for analyzing time-resolved optical emission data using correlation and/or transform techniques on the optical waveforms to extract timing information. The techniques offer more accurate results than direct examination of the waveforms and are additionally useful in tests having high noise or low numbers of detected photons. The techniques allow significant automation and the results lend themselves to graphic display.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming a new material layer or region near an interface region of two dissimilar materials, and an optional third layer, wherein at least one of said dissimilar materials or optional third is capable of being heated by microwave energy. The method of the present invention includes a step of irradiating a structure containing at least two dissimilar materials and an optional third layer under conditions effective to form the new material layer in the structure. An apparatus for conducting the microwave heating as well as the structures formed from the method are also described herein.

Abstract: A method and a device for the identification of plastic strips and/or window areas on mail is presented. The problem of dust build-up on the arrangement, causing it to fail, is avoided because the components can be arranged at a sufficient distance from the surface of the mail.

Abstract: Provided is a framework supporting presentation of help information via a computer system user interface in response to the proximity of an input device pointer to an interface area associated with a user interface component. The framework provides generic methods which remove from user interface components much of the task of managing the presentation of help information. The framework supports presentation of help information for a platform-independent component programming environment and supports presentations in a plurality of different styles (such as text, audio, animating graphics, etc) by means of selectable presentation methods.

Abstract: A process permits the determination of multi-dimensional distribution of magnetic fields. The process uses a magneto-resistive sensor as a physical measuring device. The measuring device is coupled with a method for algebraic reconstruction so that sectional images of the field distribution are calculated from individual measurements of the magneto-resistive effect using the algebraic reconstruction.

Abstract: A cache memory system comprises a cache 4, a prefetch store 5, and a memory controller 3. The controller 3 receives requests from a processor 1 for access to lines of data stored in a memory 2 and maintains priority data indicative of the relative priority of lines of data stored in the cache 4.

Abstract: The present invention allows the frame buffer to be dynamically reconfigurable during the processing of graphics data. Lower resolution double buffer mode is used when objects are moving, and higher resolution single buffer mode is used when objects are stationary. The user gets the benefits of double buffering while objects are in motion, and the benefit of a higher quality image when objects are stationary. No image tears appear in this case because the graphics processing system redraws the exact same image when motion ceases, however the image has more bits per pixel. The visual effect is that the picture becomes clearer when motion ceases. The graphics processor quickly switches frame buffer modes during execution, and is not constrained to specifying one mode at the start of processing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus which, as part of a compiler, supporting the generation of code in two (or more) target languages. The selection of the target language, and the program structure in that target language, is made depending on the capabilities of each target language, in a separate processing pass. Runtime efficiency is also improved by allowing selection of the most appropriate target language and program structure for a particular source code function.

Abstract: A method of improving the etch resistance of a patterned imageable resist prior to patterning an underlying substrate layer is provided. Specifically, the method employed by the present invention comprises applying a layer of an imageable resist to a substrate layer; patterning the layer of imageable resist by removing selective areas thereof; and treating the patterned imageable resist with an atmosphere comprising molecules of a hardening agent so as to obtain a hardened resist surface which etches at a slower rate than that of the untreated resist.