Abstract: The present invention is drawn to glasses suitable for the fabrication of segments or buttons for multifocal ophthalmic lenses. The inventive glasses have refractive indices ranging between about 1.745-1.771, an Abbe number greater than 29 for a refractive index of 1.771 and greater than 31 for a refractive index of 1.745, a softening point between about 640.degree.-700.degree. C., a coefficient of thermal expansion (25.degree.-300.degree. C.) between about 90-98.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C., and satisfactory chemical durability. The glasses consist essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 28-32.5 Na.sub.2 O 2-9 K.sub.2 O 0-4 Li.sub.2 O 0-1 K.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + Li.sub.2 O 4-10.5 BaO 0-22 La.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-20 BaO + La.sub.2 O.sub.3 14-22 PbO 28.5-34 ZnO 0-4 TiO.sub.2 0-9 ZrO.sub.2 2-6.5 Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 0-10 TiO.sub.2 + Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 4.5-12 ZrO.sub.2 + TiO.sub.2 + Nb.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of sealing glasses capable of forming strong, non-porous seals with glasses containing at least 10% by weight of an alkali metal oxide such as are used in the fabrication of the glass membranes utilized in sodium-sulfur and potassium-sulfur batteries. The inventive seals require an interdiffusion of ions to occur between the sealing glass and the glass being sealed. Glasses presently employed as membrane glasses for such batteries have base compositions within the Na.sub.2 O--B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and K.sub.2 O--B.sub.2 O.sub.3 systems. The inventive sealing glasses consist essentially, expressed in mole percent on the oxide basis, of about 3-30% R.sub.2 O and 60-95% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, wherein R.sub.2 O consists of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O, Cs.sub.2 O, and mixtures thereof and, optionally, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is substituted for up to one-half the B.sub.2 O.sub.3 content on a molar basis.

Abstract: There are disclosed glass-ceramic materials characterized by a nepheline crystal phase and optionally having a secondary celsian or hexacelsian crystal phase. In addition to the SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Na.sub.2 O, and TiO.sub.2 as a nucleating agent, the materials contain K.sub.2 O and/or Li.sub.2 O in limited amount, and preferably also contain BaO. These additives provide microwave compatibility, a thermal coefficient of expansion below 95.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C., and suitability for application as glazed table or ovenware.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with glass-ceramic articles which are extremely resistant to impact and spontaneous delayed breakage, are capable of being sawn with a diamond wheel to a depth of over one-third the cross section thereof without breakage, and exhibit modulus of rupture values of at last 150,000 psi. The articles consist of a body portion and an integral surface compression layer having a depth of at least 0.005". The body portion consists essentially, in weight percent, of about 8-13% Na.sub.2 O, 7-13% K.sub.2 O, 30-36% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 35-43% SiO.sub.2, and 6-10% RO.sub.2, wherein RO.sub.2 consists of 6-10% TiO.sub.2 and 0-4% ZrO.sub.2, wherein the molar ratio Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :SiO.sub.2 is >0.5 but <0.6 and the molar ratio K.sub.2 O:Na.sub.2 O is >1:3 but <1 and contains nepheline solid solution crystals corresponding to the formula Na.sub.8-x K.sub.x Al.sub.8 Si.sub.8 O.sub.32, with x varying from 0.25-4.73, as the predominant crystal phase.

Abstract: This invention is directed to means for producing strengthened, transparent glass-ceramic, partially body-crystallized, and surface-crystallized glass articles wherein beta-quartz solid solution constitutes the predominant crystal phase. The inventive method comprises subjecting a glass article consisting essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent, of about 2.5-6% Li.sub.2 O, 0.5-5% RO, wherein RO consists of ZnO and the alkaline earth metal oxides BaO, CaO, MgO, and SrO, 16-25% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 64-73% SiO.sub.2, and 3.0-6% RO.sub.2, wherein RO.sub.2 consists of 0-6% TiO.sub.2 and 0-3.5% ZrO.sub.2, to vapors of SO.sub.2 and thereafter heat treating the glass article to cause crystallization in situ thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the production of crystal-containing gels and papers, films, fibers, boards, and coatings made therefrom. The process for making the gels comprises three general steps: first, a fully or predominantly crystalline body is formed containing crystals consisting essentially of a lithium and/or sodium water-swelling mica selected from the group of fluorhectorite, hydroxyl hectorite, boron fluorphlogopite, hydroxyl boron phlogopite, and solid solutions among those and between those and other structures selected from the group of talc, fluortalc, polylithionite, fluorpolylithionite, phlogopite, and fluorphlogopite; second, that body is contacted with a polar liquid, desirably water, to cause swelling and disintegration of the body accompanied with the formation of a gel; and, third, the solid:liquid ratio of the gel is adjusted to a desired value depending upon the application therefor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a borosilicate, opal glass article composed of a phase-separated, opacified interior portion completely encased within, and integral with, a transparent, single-phase glass, surface skin. The phase-separated portion contains borate-rich and silicate-rich phases so different in refractive index that light is scattered, and the glass may contain a titania-coupled colorant. The article may be produced by molding a glass charge while simultaneously extracting heat from a surface layer on the molded article to maintain such surface layer as a single-phase glass.

Abstract: There is disclosed an integral vitreous article composed of an opaque portion encased within a thin surface layer of transparent, colored glass. The article has a uniform chemical composition of an alkaline aluminosilicate nature, the opaque portion contains light scattering particles of a titaniferous nature, and the surface layer contains a titania coupled colorant. The article may be produced by simultaneously forming an article and quenching its surface whereby differential heat extraction produces the transparent surface layer.

Abstract: The instant invention is concerned with the production of spontaneous opal glasses exhibiting tints ranging from ivory-through-beige-through-tan-to-brown, depending upon the shade sought, and demonstrating a Fe.sup.+3 reading between about 6.5-9 consisting essentially, expressed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of about______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 64.5 .+-. 2.0 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 6.25 .+-. 0.5 Na.sub.2 O 3.0 .+-. 0.5 K.sub.2 O 3.0 .+-. 0.5 MgO 1.25 .+-. 0.3 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 4.5 .+-. 0.7 F 3.25 .+-. 0.5 CaO 14.5 .+-. 1.0 NiO 0.02 - 1.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to faceplate glasses for television picture tubes which, because they are essentially free from MgO, have liquidus temperatures below 800.degree. C. Such glasses consist essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 58-65 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 1-3 CaO 1-4 SrO 6-12 BaO 2-9 PbO 1-3 Na.sub.2 O 5-9 K.sub.2 O 5-12 Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 14-18 TiO.sub.2 0.3-1 CeO.sub.2 0.05-0.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glazes exhibiting an earthenware appearance which are particularly suitable for decorating ceramic dinnerware. The glaze composition consists essentially of about 4-8% by weight SnO.sub.2 and 4-8% by weight TiO.sub.2, the total SnO.sub.2 +TiO.sub.2 being about 10-14%, and about 0.025-0.04% by weight MnO.sub.2 incorporated into a base frit consisting essentially, as analyzed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of about______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 37-49 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4-7 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 6.5-11 ZrO.sub.2 0-1.75 Na.sub.2 O 1.75-3.5 K.sub.2 O 0.75-2.5 PbO 21-32 CdO 0-0.75 CaO 1-9 TiO.sub.2 0-0.35 F 0-0.6 ______________________________________The fired glaze contains crystallites of rutile and cassiterite.

Abstract: There is disclosed an integral vitreous article composed of an opacified interior portion encased within a surface layer of glass that is transparent except for an opacified zone of predetermined configuration. The article may be produced by momentarily contacting an exposed surface on a molten glass charge with a chilling member before forming the glass.

Abstract: Polychromatic glass articles and methods of producing such articles are disclosed in which the glass is activated by exposure to ultraviolet radiation and contains as a sensitizing agent an oxide of copper, samarium, terbium, praeseodymium, or europium.

Abstract: A composite article is disclosed which embodies a thermally sensitive component enclosed within borosilicate glass bodies having a coefficient of thermal expansion in the range of 30 to 40.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C. The bodies are joined by an intermediate layer of sealing material which is a fused mixture of a sealing glass containing an infra-red absorbing oxide and a mill additive having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. There is further disclosed a method of forming the seal between the glass bodies by application of infra-red radiation to the sealing material.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating the surface of photothermally crystallizable chemically-machinable glass-ceramic articles to render them non-sticking when brought into contact with certain organic materials. More particularly, the invention is drawn to the treatment of photothermally crystallizable, chemically-machinable glass-ceramic head pads for use in conjunction with information storage discs with SO.sub.2 vapors to render them non-sticking with respect to those discs.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to the production of spontaneous opal glass compositions which limit the generation of CaF.sub.2 and crystals having a xonotlite structure therein when heat treated at temperatures higher than the annealing point, but lower than the softening point of the glass. The glasses consist essentially, as analyzed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of about:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 64.5 .+-. 2.0 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 6.25 .+-. 0.5 Na.sub.2 O 3.0 .+-. 0.5 K.sub.2 O 3.0 .+-. 0.5 MgO 1.25 .+-. 0.3 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 4.5 .+-. 0.7 F 3.25 .+-. 0.5 CaO 14.5 .+-. 1.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a noninvasive tumor treatment modality which results in a reduction of tumor mass and may lead to complete eradication of a tumor. The inventive method comprises localized magnetically-coupled, RF-induced hyperthermia mediated by a material which is non-toxic to and, preferably, compatible with animal tissue and has incorporated therewithin iron-containing crystals of such size, amount, composition, and magnetic properties to impart a coercive force of at least 200 oersteds to the material, and wherein the RF magnetic field has a frequency not in excess of about 10 kilohertz.

Abstract: This invention is drawn to thermally devitrifiable sealing glasses capable of forming sound seals with glasses, glass-ceramics, and ceramics having coefficients of thermal expansion (0.degree.-300.degree. C.) between about 0.5-5.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree. C. In finely fritted form, the glasses can be sintered and crystallized in situ at about 900.degree.-1000.degree. C. The glasses consist essentially, expressed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of about 1-2% Li.sub.2 O, 0.7-1.5% MgO, 9-13% ZnO, 19-23% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 62-68% SiO.sub.2, and at least 1% K.sub.2 O+Rb.sub.2 O+Cs.sub.2 O in the indicated proportions of 0-3% K.sub.2 O, 0-4% Rb.sub.2 O, and 0-6% Cs.sub.2 O.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the production of glass-ceramics especially suitable for incorporating radioactive wastes. The inventive glass-ceramics contain at least two crystal phases selected from the group of pollucite, mullite, monazite, and, optionally, tetragonal or cubic zirconia as the predominant crystal phases and consist essentially, expressed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of 5-40% Cs.sub.2 O, 15-50% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-30% La.sub.2 O.sub.3 +CeO.sub.2, 0-20% P.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-30% ZrO.sub.2, 12-65% La.sub.2 O.sub.3 +CeO.sub.2 +P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and 15-50% SiO.sub.2.

Abstract: This invention is directed to glazes exhibiting a strong yellow-to-brown coloration or a bright red color which are stable at temperatures of 700.degree.-950.degree. C., the latter glazes being stable in non-oxidizing or inert environments. Both glazes utilize frits consisting essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis as calculated from the batch, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 35-47 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 5.5-9 BaO 24-42 TiO.sub.2 1.5-4 ZrO.sub.2 6-10 Li.sub.2 O 1-5 MgO 0-5 CaO 0-4 SrO 0-8 ZnO 0-10 Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-8 SrO + MgO + CaO + ZnO + Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-10 ______________________________________The yellow-to-brown coloration is produced through the addition of 0.5-10% by weight Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0-4% TiO.sub.2. The red coloration is produced through the addition of 2-10% cadmium sulfoselenide.