Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for preparing specified amorphous polycarbonate polyols. The process comprises reacting phosgene, a branched-chain polyhydric alcohol, and a straight chain polyhydric alcohol in the presence of a solvent and in the absence of a catalyst at a temperature of about 60.degree. to 100.degree. C., and then contacting the amorphous polycarbonate product in the reaction mixture with a catalytic amount of a tertiary amine at reflux temperature for a period of time of at least about 30 minutes. The straight chain polyhydric alcohol is employed in an amount of about 3 to 40 mole percent, based upon the total amount of polyhydric alcohol present in the reaction system. A preferred branched-chain polyhydric alcohol is neopentyl glycol, and a preferred straight chain polyhydric alcohol is 1,6-hexanediol. Preferred solvents are xylene and toluene, and preferred tertiary amines are triethylamine and pyridine.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel blends containing degraded crystalline polypropylene or propylene containing copolymer, low density polyethylene, hydrocarbon tackifying resin, and a fatty acid amide useful as extrusion coating compositions which provide coatings having good coatability and good heat sealability. These coated substrates then can be used in fabricating bags and other packaging applications. Particularly, these coatings are a blend of a degraded crystalline polypropylene, or propylene containing copolymer, low density polyethylene, hydrocarbon tackifying resin, and a fatty acid amide containing 16 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel blends containing crystalline polypropylene or propylene containing copolymer, low density polyethylene, hydrocarbon tackifying resin, and a fatty acid amide useful as extrusion coating compositions which provide coatings having good coatability and good heat sealability. These coated substrates then can be used in fabricating bags and other packaging applications. These extrusion coating compositions are a blend of a crystalline polypropylene, or propylene containing copolymer, low density polyethylene, hydrocarbon tackifying resin, and a fatty acid amide containing 16 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed are stabilized polyester compositions having significantly improved weatherability, said polyesters consisting of homopolyesters derived from a dicarboxylic acid component wherein at least a major portion of which is 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (or ester) having a trans isomer content of at least 65% and a glycol component wherein at least a major portion of which is 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and copolyesters thereof with modifying aliphatic glycols and/or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, said polyesters being stabilized with the combination of at least one ultraviolet light stabilizing compound compatible with said polyester and at least one hindered amine light stabilizer having the formulae ##STR1## the groups shown as R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently selected from various substituents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel highly active and more efficient catalyst system for polymerizing alpha-olefins to prepare high, medium, and low molecular weight polymers. This highly active olefin polymerization catalyst therefore can be used to prepare both olefin waxes as well as high molecular weight crystalline polyolefins. This highly efficient, highly active catalyst is prepared by reacting a vanadium tetrahalide with a titanium tetravalent member in a hydrocarbon medium. The product of this reaction is then combined with an activating component, such as triethyl aluminum, to form a highly active and efficient polyolefin catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are stabilized polyester compositions having significantly improved weatherability. These polyesters consist of copolyesterethers derived from a dicarboxylic acid component comprising about 80-100 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid having a trans isomer content of at least 70% and about 0-20 mole % of a second dicarboxylic acid and a glycol component comprising about 70-95 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and about 5-30 mole % of a polyalkylene ether glycol having a molecular weight of about 600 to about 3000. The copolyesterether compositions further comprise a stabilizing effective amount of the combination of (1) at least one hindered phenolic antioxidant, (2) at least one ultraviolet light stabilizing compound compatible with said copolyesterether and (3) at least one hindered amine light stabilizing compound having the formulae ##STR1## the groups shown as R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently selected from various substituents.

Abstract: Colored polyester compositions suitable for formulation into sheets, films, fibers and containers comprising linear thermoplastic polyesters derived from a diol and unpurified terephthalic acid, and containing a color-forming component. The diol can be one or more diols wherein at least a major portion of which is ethylene glycol. The color-forming component can be one or more colorants compatible with the polyester including certain copolymerizable anthraquinone dyes, such as 1,5-bis(2-carboxyphenylthio)anthraquinone and/or 1,5-bis(o-carboxyanilino)anthraquinone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of certain dichloro-hydroxy and alkoxy aromatic compounds by reacting the corresponding unchlorinated compound with sulfuryl chloride in the presence of acetic acid, propionic acid or lower alkyl esters thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improvement in processes for the selective production of .alpha.-olefins from synthesis gas. The improvement embodied in the process of the present invention comprises the use of a catalyst system which comprises palladium, iron, and zinc. The zinc component of the catalyst system is preferably provided in the form of a zinc oxide support onto which the remaining catalyst components are deposited. The reaction is conducted under conventional conditions of temperature and pressure, preferably at about 220.degree. to 350.degree. C. and about 50 to 500 psig.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline compounds by reacting acetone with an aniline compound in the presence of a strongly acidic sulfonic acid-type macroreticular cation exchange resin catalyst. 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline compounds are obtained in good yield and containing substantially no catalyst residue contaminant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of aryl carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof by the carbonylation of aryl sulfonyl chlorides. The aryl sulfonyl chlorides are reacted with carbon monoxide and water or an alcohol or amine in the presence of a zero-valent metal catalyst consisting essentially of palladium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of aryl carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof by the carbonylation of triaryl sulfonium salts. The triaryl sulfonium salts are reacted with carbon monoxide and water or an alcohol or amine in the presence of a triaryl phosphine and a zero-valent metal catalyst selected from palladium or rhodium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of monochlorohydroquinone by treating hydroquinone in hydrochloric acid with chlorine at 100.degree. to 105.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention provides substantially difunctional hydroxyl-terminated polyether-esters and a process for preparing the same. The process comprises reacting ethylene carbonate with a substituted or unsubstituted epsilon-caprolactone in the presence of a catalytic amount of a specified catalyst at a temperature of at least about 200.degree. C. The catalyst comprises an alkali metal salt, a quaternary ammonium salt, or a mixture thereof. The products of the invention are pourable liquid urethane-forming polyols at room temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for the preparation of high molecular weight linear polyesters. In the preparation of polyesters by formation of a bis-dihydroxy ester prepolymer by transesterifying dimethyl terephthalate with a glycol in the presence of a catalyst followed by polycondensing the prepolymer in the presence of certain phosphorous-containing compounds and a transition metal-containing catalyst which remains active in the presence of said phosphorous compound, an improved rate of polycondensation is achieved by introducing the phosphorous compounds after first polycondensing the prepolymer to a low molecular weight linear polyester having an average degree of polymerization of about 2 to about 10. The improved process further requires that the catalyst employed in the formation of the prepolymer be substantially inactive in the presence of said phosphorous compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel polyesteramides and containers having improved gas barrier properties formed therefrom. The novel polyesteramides comprise the reaction product of a diamine having 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, a diol containing up to about 24 carbon atoms, and a dicarboxylic acid component. The dicarboxylic acid component consists essentially of about 5 to 100 mole % of a specified first, heteroatom-containing dicarboxylic acid, and 0 to about 95 mole % of a second dicarboxylic acid containing up to about 24 carbon atoms. In the polyesteramide, the diamine component comprises about 10 to 90 mole % of the total diamine and diol components. The present invention further provides containers, such as molded containers, films, coextruded articles, laminated articles, etc., formed from the polyesteramides of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing sulfo-modified polyesters having an inherent viscosity of about 0.3 to about 0.9 and characterized by an improved planar stretch ratio relative to a given inherent viscosity, an improved rate of acetaldehyde generation relative to a given planar stretch ratio and increased buildup of melt viscosity. The process comprises the steps of (a) reacting (1) a dicarboxylic acid component comprising at least about 85 mole % terephthalic acid and about 0.1 to about 5.0 mole % of a difunctional sulfo-monomer, and (2) a glycol component comprising at least about 85 mole % ethylene glycol, the reaction being conducted in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a titanium compound and an organic salt of an alkali metal, (2) polycondensing the reaction product of step (1) in the presence of a phosphate ester until a polymer having the desired I.V. is obtained.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dehydroacetic acid which comprises heating 2,2,6-trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one, preferably at a temperature of about 130.degree. C. to about 160.degree.C., the heating being carried out preferably in the presence of an inert solvent such as xylene and preferably dehydroacetic acid; the solvent being present in an amount of about 0.05 to about 2.0 moles per mole of the compound being heated, the process further comprising recovering dehydroacetic acid so produced.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing a compound having the formula ##STR1## which is an intermediate in the preparation of dextromethorphan, the improved method comprises the steps of(A) hydrogenating a compound having the formula ##STR2## in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to obtain a compound having the formula ##STR3## (B) hydrogenating the product of Step (A) in the presence of a hydrogen treated rhodium catalyst to obtain a compound having the formula ##STR4## (C) reacting the product of Step (B) with 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid to obtain a mixture of compounds comprising ##STR5## (D) dehydrating the product mixture of Step (C).

Abstract: This invention relates to new linear polyester waxes which contain as the acid member at least about 75 mol percent 1,12-dodecanedioic acid. The polyester waxes may be viscous liquids, amorphous or semicrystalline solids with melting points less than about 100.degree. C. These polyester waxes are useful as modifiers for ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer based adhesives and as additives to improve the hardness of polyolefin coatings.