Abstract: The present invention describes novel hydrocarbon-insoluble poly-silyl esters and a method for forming these compounds utilizing carboxylic acid salts with silicon reagents in the presence of phase transfer catalysts.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the production of alcohols from carboxylic acids using the reaction of carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to form esters which are subsequently hydrogenated over a suitable hydrogenation catalyst. The invention is useful because the temperature and pressure conditions are reduced from current commercial processes while hydrogenation catalyst activity and lifetime are promoted by the removal of catalyst poisons such as water.

Abstract: A polymer-supported ethylene polymerization catalyst prepared by a method comprising (a) a polymer supported titanium-based catalyst consisting of(1) a polymer resin containing an amino borane reducing agent;(2) a titanium tetrahalide;(3) and a suitable organometallic and/or organic metallic co-catalyst.The polymers produced are resins of high density and melting point.

Abstract: This invention relates to "comb" polymers having high molecular weight and related structurally to polyoxymethylene, but having improved thermal stability. In addition, this invention relates to a method for preparing these high molecular weight "comb" polymers and teaches a process which exhibits reduced reactor fouling and produces a free-flowing powder. Generally the improved polymer is made by copolymerizing trioxane with polyanhydride or copolymerizing trioxane with copolymers of olefins and anhydrides. The improved polymer can optionally be reacted with agents known to react with terminal hydroxy groups to end-cap the polymer.

Abstract: Silyl esters of carboxylic acids, of the general formula ##STR1## are formed under mild conditions in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst when a silicon halide is contacted with a carboxylic acid salt wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical. Suitable phase transfer catalysts include quaternary ammonium salts, cryptates and crown ethers.

Abstract: Cresylic acid ethoxylation is catalyzed by basic compounds and salts of alkaline earth metals. Ethoxylates from such reactions have narrow ethylene oxide distributions, lower pour points and lower by-products as compared to alkali base catalyzed ethoxylation. Suitable catalysts include strontium-containing and barium-containing materials. The catalyst also includes co-catalyst combinations using these materials with one or more promoters including polyols, amines, amides, carboxylic acids and phenols. The co-catalyst combinations can be preformed prior to introduction into the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Methanol fuels are modified by the addition of materials which provide required lubricity and protection for engine parts while retaining compatability with the methanol fuel. Methanol fuel is methanol itself or any fuel containing a majority of methanol by volume. In addition, these additives help lubricate cylinder walls and decrease wear and corrosion.

Abstract: Novel magnesium disiloxide compounds and methods for their preparation are disclosed. The magnesium disiloxides so obtained are useful starting materials for the preparation of active catalysts for olefin polymerizations.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts comprising the reduction of a transition metal compound with a magnesium containing reducing agent. The reducing agent is prepared in the presence of a magnesium chloride support utilizing an anhydrous and oxygen-free mixture of magnesium halide and magnesium metal, slurried in a hydrocarbon solvent. A halogenated hydrocarbon is added to activate the magnesium-containing reducing agent. Thereafter the transition metal compound is mixed with the slurry. The resulting solid is washed with a hydrocarbon solvent to eliminate residual transition metal compounds. The resulting washed solid is an active supported Ziegler-Natta olefin polymerization catalyst.

Abstract: A method is provided for evaluation of shallow electrical anomalies to determine which are likely to be caused by seepage from a hydrocarbon reservoir at depth. The method involves geochemical lithological, and petrographic analyses of anomalous sediments to determine whether these sediments contain certain features characteristic of seepage-induced anomalies. These features include the following:(1) accumulations of seeped (non-indigenous) hydrocarbons;(2) accumulations of carbonate cements that have .delta..sup.13 C values between -10 and -58.degree./oo;(3) pyrite accumulations in a shallow, porous host rock where the pyrite is distributed within fractures or between original grains with a disseminated or cement-like texture, and where it is not associated with kerogen or coal and is not framboidal in morphology;(4) close proximity of said pyrite and carbonate accumulations; and(50 anomalous (high) induced polarization (I.P.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming stable dispersions of boehmite alumina in water containing a peptizing acid by mixing said alumina with dilute aqueous acid solutions and treating the alumina prior to dispersion by heating at temperatures of from about 250.degree. F. to 700.degree. F. and pressures of from about 10 psig to about 2000 psig in the presence of up to 80 weight percent of water based upon the total alumina for a period of time sufficient to stabilize the alumina to the extent necessary. Dispersions can be prepared which will remain fluid up to days longer than will those prepared from the untreated alumina.

Abstract: A static storage stable fire resistant hydraulic fluid composition is provided which comprises(a) from about 40 to about 50 volume percent water together with(b) from about 50 to about 60 volume percent of a combination of(1) a lubricating oil(2) an emulsifier system containing succinic esters of hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid, polyhydric alcohols and alkaline earth salts of a fatty acid, and(3) at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene derivatives of alcohols and acids.Most preferred materials are the ether derivatives of polyoxyethylene containing from 10 to 20 oxyethylene units formed from 10 to 20 saturated carbon atom normal alcohols. The most preferred material is the ether derivative of a polyoxyethylene containing 10 oxyethylene units formed from stearyl alcohol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a drag reducing substance which comprises:(a) a transition metal catalyst slurry containing:1. crystalline titanium halide having the general formula TiXn where n=2.5 to 3.0 and X is halogen,2. a hydrocarbon diluent, and3. an ether;(b) a co-catalyst;(c) alpha-monoolefinic hydrocarbons containing from 2 to 30 carbon atoms under suitable polymerization conditions providing for an ultrahigh molecular weight polymer that is soluble in hydrocarbons; and(d) ceasing the polymerization at a polymer content of 20 percent by weight or less.

Abstract: A method is provided by which thermally stable polyoxymethylene containing polymers are produced. These polymers are prepared by polymerizing trioxane or formaldehyde which has been first treated with micro-wave radiation. Trioxane or formaldehyde treated in this manner is then suitable for homopolymerization or copolymerization with any of the variety of comonomers known to copolymerize with these materials. The resultant polyoxymethylene containing polymers are of exceptional thermal stability without the necessity of added stabilizers.

Abstract: Basic compounds of Ba and Sr used in the production of peaked alcohol alkoxylates can be removed from the products by precipitating with some polybasic organic acids. Examples of effective acids include glutaric, diglycolic, adipic, and azelaic acids.

Abstract: Pyrite is removed from coal by crushing, air classification and organic heavy medium separation. A superior method is taught wherein only a fraction of the total coal treated need be treated with organic media separation.

Abstract: Amorphorus titanium, uranium, chromium ions and zirconium together with sulfate ions are effective promoters for magnesium oxide catalysts. These catalysts are active for the ortho methylation of phenols in the vapor phase to yield 2,6-xylenol.

Abstract: Poly(butene-1) in type II form can be accelerated to its stable type I form by applying a volatile solvent such as an olefinic hydrocarbon and allowing the solvent to evaporate. The phase transformation can be accelerated by additional treatment with heat below the melt temperature of about 90.degree. C. and/or ultrasonic sound.

Abstract: Strontium-containing materials catalyze the alkoxylation of alcohols. Strontium produced alkoxylates have sharper alkoxylate distributions, lower free alcohols, lower pour points, and better detergency than alkoxylates obtained from alkali base catalysis.

Abstract: A dual element strain gauge is placed near a welded or otherwise constrained joint on a structural member so as to provide a constraint factor. The location for the strain gauge must be selected to provide constraint factor that is preferably near either maximum or minimum value. The strain gauge is monitored to detect a change in the initial constraint factor, which indicates failure has begun or is imminent.