Abstract: A description is given of an internal combustion engine/turbocharger configuration for an internal combustion engine/turbocharger system, which configuration allows maximum braking power combined with low thermal loading.

Abstract: A new separator for an alkaline cell is provided, which can prevent deformation to an end of the separator and also prevent short circuits within the cell structure when an external force is added to the cell. The separator has a characteristic that a ratio of a tensile strength of a longitudinal direction of a separator base paper and a tensile strength of a widthwise direction of the base paper is within a range of 2/1 to 1/1. The invention provides a new method of producing the separator. The method permits reliability in sealing properties of a closed bottom end and high productivity. The method has the steps of: winding the base paper to form a cylindrical body; subjecting the cylindrical body to a closed bottom forming step while the cylindrical body is held by a clamping device to maintain its cylindrical shape; heat-bonding an end of the cylindrical body to close the end; and releasing the cylindrical body from the cylindrical clamping device.

Abstract: A device for opening and closing a pivotable tailgate which covers a folding-top compartment into which a pivotable roof structure for a cabriolet, hardtop vehicle can be deposited, is provided with an auxiliary frame on the tailgate in order to carry out the pivoting movement. At least one hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the auxiliary frame. The hydraulic cylinder is mounted by a slot and is provided with a sheathed cable which enables a locking wedge, which is arranged on the auxiliary frame, to be locked in a receiving part fixed on the body in a closed position of the tailgate. In this arrangement, the locking wedge can be released in a first movement phase of the hydraulic cylinder, which movement phase is provided for opening the tailgate.

Abstract: High functional reliability for a vehicle steering system that can be switched between a normal mode with a steer-by-wire level and an emergency mode with a fall-back level is achieved by providing that the fall-back level has a hydraulic system which contains a manual-side double-acting piston-cylinder unit which is actuated with a steering handle, e.g. steering wheel. The unit is positively coupled hydraulically to a wheel-side double-acting piston-cylinder unit which actuates steered vehicle wheels. A hydraulic charging system has a hydraulic pump, the inlet side of which is connected to a hydraulic-fluid reservoir. Switchable hydraulic couplings are provided for hydraulically coupling and decoupling the hydraulic system of the fall-back level and the hydraulic charging system to and from one another, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing chlorate ions from solutions by means of catalytic treatment in the presence of hydrogen. According to the invention a rhodium and/or platinum catalyst is used. The choice of catalyst carrier depends on the amount of coadsorbents contained in the solution. The carrier material, which may be oxidic or non-oxidic, should also be easily wettable.

Abstract: An engine control apparatus including an interpolation control means comprises an interpolation control unit including a desired value calculation part for calculating a desired value of a controlled variable corresponding to each operational state based on related control parameters; a state determination part for determining a change in the operational state of the engine; a interpolation coefficient calculation part for calculating changes of an interpolation coefficient of the controlled variable; and an interpolated desired value calculation part for calculating the interpolated desired value of the controlled variable based on the interpolation coefficient and two desired values of the controlled variable in the first and second operational states; wherein the interpolation control unit controls the controlled variable in switching of the operational state from the first to the second state in the engine.

Abstract: A process for producing a ceramic-metal composite, includes (1) mixing TiO2, and optionally Ti, with at least one of a boron-containing or carbon-containing material to give a green body mix; (2) heat treating the green body mix to a temperature from 900° C. to 1900° C. and below a temperature which leads to an autocatalytic reaction; (3) carrying out an exchange reaction between the material and the TiO2 to give a reaction product comprising at least one of TiBx and TiCy, wherein 0≦x 23 2 and 0≦y≦1; (4) producing a porous green body from the reaction product; (5) filling the porous green body with liquid aluminum after the exchange reaction; and (6) carrying out a reaction between the reaction product in the green body and the aluminum to form the ceramic-metal composite comprising a ceramic phase selected from the group consisting of TiBx-, TiCy-, TiCN- and Al2O3 and a comprising a metallic phase comprising an intermetallic compound of Ti and Al.

Abstract: A holding arrangement for a mounted vehicle element on a three-dimensionally contoured supporting wall in a vehicle interior is provided for changing mounting situations. The holding arrangement has two holding elements which are fastened to the supporting wall in a mutually spaced manner, each holding element having a holding plate which, on one side, is constructed as a plane surface and on whose other side a cylindrical holding finger is fastened which extends perpendicularly to the plane surface. For the fastening of the holding elements, two mutually spaced fastening zones are constructed on the supporting wall which each have a plane surface to which the respective holding element is fastened while resting on it with the plane surface of its holding plate. The plane surface of the respective fastening zone is larger than the plane surface of the holding plate of the pertaining holding element. The plane surfaces of the fastening zones extend in parallel to one another.

Abstract: The invention concerns an oil pump module (11) for assembling in one structural unit, an oil pump (18), an oil cooler (37) and an oil filter (43). Said module has a base element (12) capable of being produced in the form of a plastic housing. An oil pump (18) is inserted from one side and, from the other side, an oil cooler (37) and an oil filter (43). Moreover, the oil pump (18) is sealingly pressed, by the base element (12), against an internal combustion engine frame, so as to be driven by said engine. The invention enables to obtain not only a particularly compact and light oil pump module (11), but also an entire pre-assembled unit, with complete module control at the supplier's.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1). The method includes the step of reacting an aromatic compound represented by the general formula (2), with carbon monoxide and a hydroxy compound (i.e., water or an alcohol), in the presence of (a) a metal compound containing a metal of 8, 9 and 10 groups of periodic table, (b) a first phosphine derivative represented by the general formula (R1)2P—Q—P(R1)2, and (c) a base, It is possible to easily and efficiently produce the benzoic acid derivative by the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for operating a system for the water vapor reforming of a hydrocarbon, having an evaporator, a reforming reactor, a membrane module connected behind, and a catalytic burner device. According to the invention, a first part of the catalytic burner device is in thermal contact with the reforming reactor, and a second part of the burner device is in thermal contact with the evaporator. According to the process, a heating operation is carried out during the cold start of the system, in which, in a first operating phase, at least the evaporator and the reforming reactor are heated by the catalytic burner device, and in a second operating phase, a hydrocarbon/water vapor mixture is prepared in the evaporator at a water/hydrocarbon ratio which is higher than in the normal operation and is fed to the reactor, the substance mixture emerging from the reactor being fed by way of the membrane module to the catalytic burner device.

Abstract: A method for suppressing image speckles in a holographic screen is provided in which the screen is illuminated in the hologram in a plurality of individual steps, changing the recording parameters at each step. As a result, a holographic screen is obtained that produces a speckle-free image from a hologram recorded with lasers and then illuminated by a laser. Depending on the application, the object screen can be recorded as a reflection or transmission hologram.

Abstract: A motorcycle is described which has a driving device including an internal-combustion engine and a transmission which is driven by the engine and has several shifting positions. A starting device for the internal-combustion engine includes an electric motor as the starter motor, and a power transmission arrangement which transmits the driving force to a rear wheel. A reversing system uses the electric motor as the driving motor which drives the power transmission arrangement for the reversing. A selecting device at the motorcycle can be manually operated by a driver by way of an operating element, which selecting device connects either the driving device or the reversing system with the power transmission arrangement, the operating element being mounted on a housing for the transmission.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine is configured to switch over at least one of fuel injection amount and ignition timing to an emergency traveling mode in the event that an electric actuator for driving a throttle valve malfunctions, at which time the throttle valve is set at a default position. At the time of the emergency traveling mode, throttle valve opening degree is set at a value larger than the opening degree when an accelerator pedal is not depressed during normal operation. Fuel amount is set to obtain necessary engine rpm for the emergency traveling mode and when the acceleration pedal is not depressed or the vehicle speed is zero, ignition timing is retarded with respect to ignition timing during normal idling operation.

Abstract: A flux which contains irreversibly dehydrated K2AlF5, for soldering light metal materials, in particular aluminum. The flux has the advantages of forming a very uniform flux coating on the workpiece or workpieces to be soldered and exhibiting outstanding flow of the solder. An appropriate soldering process, an aqueous flux suspension and preparation processes for the flux are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method of remodeling an existing clean room building into a clean room which satisfies a new required specification. A working room (11) is expanded by removing a wall (29) between the working room (11) and a general passage (30). If a portion of the floor of the working room (11) is not the grated panel structure, such floor portion is formed as the grated panel structure by remodeling and the floor is formed as a perforated free access floor. The whole of the ceiling of the working room (11) is formed as a system ceiling of a frame structure from which a dust-collecting filter whose unit size is 600×1200 mm can be made freely detachable if necessary, and a ULPA filter is disposed on a portion which is requested to have a high cleanliness. An air-insulating panel of the same size may be attached to a portion which does not require the dust-collecting filter. An existing air conditioner that has been in use before remodeling is used as the air conditioner as it is.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a desk with a planar display unit which also accommodates physical objects to be manipulated by the operator. The physical objects are representative of physical objects normally used in office environments when handling paper files. A camera is provided which continuously monitors the desk display surface and is coupled to an electronic computer which can be controlled by the operator by moving the physical objects and the operator hands to simulate paper processing tasks, such as mailing, faxing, filing, opening files, editing and the like. An operator driven menu is provided on the desk display surface for facilitating operator classification and storage of physical object shapes of those physical objects which are to be used.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of forming a component made of an artificially and plastically formable material which can be hardened by artificial aging. The component is first shot-peen-formed in the unhardened condition and is subsequently, artificially aged. During artificial aping it is subjected to an exterior pressure load causing a creep of the impact-body-forming material to conform to a mold having the desired shape.

Abstract: A positioning device for adjusting a motor vehicle operating lever with feedback from the respective position of a controllable part. At least one part is controllable by at least one operating lever in the form of a so-called side-stick. The motor vehicle steerable wheels can be, in particular, the controllable part.