Abstract: A method and apparatus for hardening discrete identical elements, connected to a supporting structure and regularly spaced, by which a laser beam is focused upon the elements as they travel along a path through a hollow sphere containing a mirror on its inside surface. The light reflected by the elements is reflected by the mirror to strike the opposite side of the elements. This process optimizes the radiant energy directed to the elements and produces quick, uniform, well-delineated hardening substantially without a hardness gradient.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## B is a group of the formula: ##STR3## when B is of Formula III, X is of Formula III;when B is of Formula IV,X is selected from H, phenyl, substituted phenyl, naphthyl, substituted naphthyl, thienyl, substituted thienyl, thiazol-5-yl and substituted thiazol-5-yl in which the substituents are selected from NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, NO.sub.2, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl, halogen, cyano and phenyl;each Q is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, phenyl and benzyl;and wherein each benzene ring in Formulae II, III and IV has no further substituents or carries 1 or 2 further substituents selected from halogen, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl and C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy.The compound is suitable for use as a charge transport material in organic photoconductors, as a charge control agent in electroreprographic toners and as a color former in pressure sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a granular building material from refuse. Cylindrical granules, having a diameter of 8 mm and a length from 10 to 20 mm, are formed by granulation under a pressure of 600 bar of a homogeneous first powder mixture of 952 kg of crushed household refuse, 50 kg of quicklime and 5 kg of calcium carbonate. The granules are heated at 200.degree. C. for 30 minutes in a rotary tubular kiln so as to obtain 720 kg of granules having a moisture content of about 1% by weight. These granules are finely crushed and, in a malaxator, a second powder mixture is prepared which is composed of a mixture of 101 kg of Portland cement, 101 kg of powdered dolomite, 91 kg of calcium carbonate and 50.5 kg of water, and the fine powder resulting from the crushing of the granules. Finally, the second mixture is granulated under a pressure of 600 bar and the granules are left to harden with the setting of the cement. The final granular building material may be employed as granulate for making concrete.

Abstract: A thermal transfer printing (TTP) receiver sheet has a receiving layer comprising a crystalline synthetic thermoplastics polymer.

Abstract: A syringe needle assembly including a needle having at least one point for use in a syringe assembly, including a needle shaft with at least one point at one end for entering the patient and one end for engaging the syringe, and a puncture-proof sheath surrounding a major portion of the needle shaft and normally extending substantially the entire length of the shaft while leaving said needle point exposed, the sheath including at least one radially expanded inner portion joined by a portion attached to said shaft, the radially expanded portion being axially compressible to force the sheath to slide in the direction of said point along said shaft to extend beyond and non-retractably cover said point. The present invention is specifically adapted to sheath a single pointed or double pointed needle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a manufacturing method of a conductive or superconductive thin film of mixed oxide as an easier way to apply the mixed oxide type superconductive materials to electronic devices, etc. The manufacturing method of the present invention comprises using a mixed oxide composition showing conductivity or superconductivity as a target material and sputtering it onto a substrate to form a thin film. Examples of the mixed oxide compositions showing conductivity or superconductivity and to be used as the target material in the present invention are mixed oxides consisting of lanthanoid, alkali earth metal and copper as main components, particularly, a mixed oxide consisting essentially of La-Sr-Cu-O, La-Ba-Cu-O, La-Ca-Cu-O etc. or mixtures thereof, materials containing a small quantity of other metal oxide(s), or mixed oxides mainly consisting of Yb-Ba-Cu-O, Er-Ba-Cu-O, Ho-Ba-Cu-O, Tm-Ba-Cu-O or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Phenols such as cresol, phenol and xylenol etc. are obtained by thermal decomposition of a lignin-containing material in a state of a mixture of the lignin-containing material and a double ring aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.Spent liquid of a solvolysis pulping process can be used as the lignin-containing raw material in the present invention for manufacturing phenols, and the phenols obtained can be utilized as the solvent in the solvolysis process resulting in cost reduction in the pulp production process by self-supplying the necessary solvent in the solvolysis process.

Abstract: In an operating apparatus of a high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention, power is supplied to a heater provided in a high-pressure discharge lamp from a battery. The battery is charged by a charger which is driven by a power section. The power section is started by an ON operation of a switch which is turned on/off synchronously with the operation of a control switch. The control switch allows power supply from the battery to the heater when it is turned on. Therefore, always while power is supplied to the heater, the battery is being charged by the charger so that the voltage of the battery will not be lowered.

Abstract: A novel method for manufacturing cement utilizing crushed refuse. The method comprises a first step of preparing a homogeneous powder mixture from a majority of crushed refuse substantially free of metal constituents and a minority of at least one first mineral material containing calcium oxide in the free or combined state. In a second step, the powder mixture is granulated under pressure. A third step comprises heat treating the granules at a temperature between 130.degree. C. and 230.degree. C. for a length of time sufficient to bring the water content of the granules to between about 0.1 and 1.0% by weight. The third step produces a refuse product. A fourth step comprises mixing the refuse product with a first starting mixture and firing the resulting clinker mixture in a kiln, producing a clinker. In the last step, gypsum is added to the clinker and the resulting cement mixture is crushed.

Abstract: A brushless DC motor useful as a driving source of a refrigerant compressor of a refrigerating apparatus or a fan. A position detecting means generates a control signal by detecting the terminal voltage on input-output terminals current to three-phase rotor drive coils. Filters convert the detected terminal voltages to smoothed signals. A mixing means generates three kinds of mixed signal from the smoothed signal and comparing means generates the control signal for switching a current path to the three-phase coils by a signal made by comparing the mixed signal with the smoothed signal. The current path to the coils is switched by a switching-driving part in turn on the basis of the control signal of the position detecting means.The present invention provides a brushless DC motor wherein current flowing to the drive coils can be switched without special position detecting elements.

Abstract: A multiple-layer polyolefin film comprises a primary layer of an adhesive resin, such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and two secondary layers of an oriented propylene polymer, the thickness of the primary layer being less than 10% of the total film thickness.

Abstract: A disperse monoazo dye of the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R and R.sup.3 represents a lower alkyl radical, R.sup.1 represents a lower alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl radical andR.sup.2 represents a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical carrying a hydroxy or acyloxy substituent.

Abstract: A method for producing a glass preform for an optical fiber comprising a core and a cladding containing fluorine is fisclosed. The method comprises forming a porous glass layer of substantially pure quartz on an outer surface of a fused glass rod consisting of a central portion of substantially pure quartz and a peripheral portion of quartz glass containing fluorine, and heating a composite of the fused glass rod and the porous glass layer in an atmosphere containing fluorine to add fluorine to the porous glass layer and to make it transparent, by which contamination of glass with hydroxyl groups can be prevented and light transmission characteristics of an optical fiber fabricated from the glass preform are improved.

Abstract: A light aircraft having a parachute-wing, a single propeller, and means for controlling the direction and speed of the aircraft by simple control lines to the canopy. The carriage is supported by at least two support lines which are secured at attachment points spaced apart laterally with respect to the fore and aft direction of the craft. By ensuring that the support lines are of different lengths a side-to-side suspension bias is created which compensates for the propeller torque reaction. This is a permanent adjustment which allows the aircraft to be balanced so that control of flight may be effected without difficulty. Preferably, the carriage is constructed to use a longitudinal base strut on which a foldable tricycle under carriage is mounted. An upright strut is pivotally mounted to the base strut. The frame of the pilot's seat is used as an integral structural member which rigidly links the base strut to the upright strut in the running condition. The two struts and the sear frame form a triangle.

Abstract: The disclosed polymers comprise ethylene, one or more higher alkenes-1 having 3-18 carbon atoms in an amount of 0 to 15 mole.-% calculated on the ethylene, and such a small amount of one or more poly-unsaturated compounds having at least 7 carbon atoms and at least two non-conjugated double bonds polymerizable under the influence of transition metal catalysts wherein the activation energy of the viscous flow of the polymer is not significantly influenced by the presence of the poly-unsaturated compound(s).

Abstract: A process for the treatment of textile materials consisting of or containing natural vegetable or animal fibres, in which (a) ketatolytic liquid is allowed to act on the textile material, and then washed out, then preferably the material is further treated with an oxidizing agent which thereafter is washed out, (b) the textile material is impregnated with a suspension of a finely-divided frit or glazing powder, and (c) the impregnated material is subjected to heat-treatment at a temperature of above 180.degree. C.

Abstract: A thermal transfer printing sheet, suitable for use in a thermal transfer printing process, comprising a substrate having a coating comprising a water-insoluble dye of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents the residue of an active methylene compound;X represents hydrogen, halogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl radical;Y represents cyano, nitro, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkylsulphonyl, arylsulphonyl or a group of the formula --COOR.sup.1 or --CONR.sup.2 R.sup.3 wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbyl radical and each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, independently, represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical; andE represents the residue of a coupling component.

Abstract: It has been believed that the Claus reaction in water without additive gives no more than very low conversion and some additive such as buffer or catalyst must be used to attain satisfactory H.sub.2 S conversion.However, it was discovered that when H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 are introduced in water simultaneously and continuously for hours, the conversion increased gradually and became steady at high level. The present invention was accomplished base on this inventive knowledge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of measuring and displaying double refraction. In this method measuring light which has been subjected to double refraction passes through the material to be measured at a point of measurement thereof. A surface of the material to be measured is disposed in a manner that the same is located at right angles, or is inclined with respect to an optical axis of the measuring light. The material is rotated about the point of measurement thereof on a plane which is perpendicular to the optical axis of the measuring light. The data on the double refraction is displayed together with a plus or minus sign thereof as a function of the angle of rotation, in the form of polar coordinates corresponding to the angle of rotation.

Abstract: Foundry molds and cores are prepared by using as a binder a phenolic resin in solution in aqueous sodium hydroxide and using an ester to cure the binder. The ester may be incorporated in the mixture prior to shaping, or the ester in gaseous form may be passed through the shaped mixture.