Abstract: A testing system includes a single air collection box and a laminar flow system for obtain an airflow measurement. The single airflow box has air inlet and outlet ports at opposite ends. The laminar flow element has a laminar flow element inlet in fluid communication with the air collection box and a laminar flow element outlet sealed with the air outlet port of the air collection box. A blower in fluid communication with the laminar flow element outlet draws airflow into the air collection box through a unit under test and out of the air collection box through the laminar flow element. A pressure transducer senses the differential air pressure across the laminar flow element and enables a determination of the airflow rate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a single electrical power supply is used to interchangeably power either a single motherboard or dual motherboards. Switchable output power and individual sequencing may be provided to each motherboard using FETs, such that the power supply may respond to the sequencing of each motherboard as if it were dedicated to that motherboard. In a two motherboard system, power to the first motherboard is reduced by removing some output voltages from the first motherboard. Fault circuitry may also be provided so that a power related fault on one domain does not affect operation of the other motherboard.

Abstract: A rack for supporting electronic devices and modules with adjustable rails. The rack has a vertical wall with a set of holes at various elevations, each set of holes including at least a proximal hole evenly spaced apart from a distal hole. A longitudinally-extending rail has a set of clips for selectively securing the rail to the vertical wall, wherein the set of clips includes at least a proximal clip selectively receivable in the proximal hole at a selected elevation for supporting a proximal end of the rail and a distal clip selectively receivable in the distal hole at the selected elevation for supporting a distal end of the rail. The system may include a second rail for securing to an opposing vertical wall of the rack to form a shelf or bay for an electronic device. Each rail may be latched in place and can be selectively installed and removed without use of tools.

Abstract: DIMMs are cooled by positioning a thermally conductive base between adjacent DIMMs. The thermally conductive base, such as a heat pipe or metal rod, receives heat from the DIMMs through thermally conductive elements that are selectively biased outward against the installed DIMMs. The base transfers the heat to a liquid conduit extending along the end of the DIMMs, where a circulating liquid carries away the heat. The thermally conductive elements provide an adjustable span to accommodate variations in distance between the DIMM surfaces. Embodiments of the invention may be installed without extending above the height of the DIMM.

Abstract: Operating a composite array of data storage devices, such as hard disk drives, to conserve power includes storing data in block-level stripes with parity on a composite array including a controller and at least three data storage devices. The composite array includes a hot spare distributed across the data storage devices. The method further comprises placing one of the data storage devices in a standby state, operating the rest of the data storage devices in an active state, and controlling logical operations of the controller and the read and write operations of the active data storage devices to substitute for read and write operations on the standby device. For example, the controller can read redundant data on the active drives and compute data identical to the data on the standby drive to substitute for reading the standby drive. Furthermore, the controller can write a modified version of data on the standby drive to a spare block to substitute for writing to the standby drive.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a common mode cancellation circuit and method for correcting signal skew in a differential circuit. According to one embodiment, an op amp circuit is used to correct the mismatch between transmission line lengths in the differential circuit. The CMCC can be embodied as an ASIC and added on to an existing differential signaling systems to correct and compensate for board wiring skew or other causes of phase misalignment. The result is restoration of the cross-over intersection of the plus and minus signals of the differential pair closer to the common voltage level point, as if the signals had been in phase.

Abstract: A system comprising a chassis that includes a plurality of modules and a fan assembly disposed in a distal end of the chassis for drawing air in parallel pathways through the plurality of modules. At least one of the modules is a compute module having a thermal sensor disposed to sense the temperature of air flowing across a processor mounted on a motherboard. The system further comprises a fan controller receiving output from the thermal sensor, wherein the fan controller operates the fan assembly to cool the plurality of modules and maintain the thermal sensor output within an operating temperature range. The fan controller controls the fan speed according to predetermined thermal profile settings associated with one of the compute modules received in the chassis. For example, the predetermined thermal profile settings may include a minimum fan speed, a maximum fan speed, and control loop feedback settings.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and software for analyzing the layout of computer equipment racks in a datacenter. One embodiment involves obtaining the position relative to the computer room of each of a plurality of temperature sensors distributed among a plurality of computer components mounted between opposing intake and exhaust ends of each computer equipment rack. The layout of the computer equipment racks is automatically determined from the positions of the temperature sensors, and a representation of the layout of the computer equipment racks is electronically stored or displayed. The actual layout is compared to target layout parameters to score the layout.

Abstract: An improved method is provided for managing workload on a multi-server computer system. In one embodiment, a subset of servers is selected according to an anticipated net workload. The remaining servers in the system may be powered off to conserve energy and prolong equipment life. Workload is dynamically apportioned among the subset of servers at selected intervals to more uniformly distribute the mean and variance of the workload among the subset of servers. More particularly, the mean and the variance for each of a plurality of workload units are equally weighed in determining a ranking of the workload units. The workload units may be ordered according to a mathematical combination of the mean and variance, such as the sum or product of mean and variance for each workload unit. The workload units are allocated among the subset of servers in according to rank, such as by assigning the workload units to the servers in a reverse round-robin fashion according to rank.

Abstract: Protection is provided for optically readable media. Data may be scrambled, encrypted, or otherwise obscured by apportioning the data across multiple layers of a disc in a secret pattern. Pattern information may be supplied in the form of a key to authorized devices or users. The data can only be read by an optical drive with the proper hardware having access to this key. Switchable mirrored regions are provided on the optical medium to selectively block and unblock an optical reader head from reading the data. To read the data back, an authorized/licensed device may use the key to selectively switch the electrochromic regions so that the reader head may access the data while alternately focusing on different data layers, as needed, to obtain the data in the proper order.

Abstract: One embodiment includes the provision of a novel insert-and-rotate connection for a daughter card, such as in a blade computer system. The daughter card has both a card edge with a plurality of card edge contacts and a mezzanine connector spaced from the card edge. An interposer mounted on the motherboard has a card edge connector and a midplane connector in communication with the card edge connector. The card edge connector includes a socket for receiving the card edge of the daughter card with the daughter card at an acute angle to the motherboard, to avoid interference between the mezzanine connector on the daughter card and a corresponding mezzanine connector on the motherboard. Once the card edge is inserted into the socket of the card edge connector, the socket allows for rotation of the daughter card about the received card edge. The mezzanine connectors are aligned for connection in response to rotation of the daughter card about the received card edge.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a flow meter including an airfoil movably secured in the airflow path of a fan in an electronic system. The airfoil is configured to generate a lift component in response to the airflow. A sensor engages the airfoil and generates a signal in relation to the movement of the airfoil. Airflow parameters such as volumetric airflow rate and turbulence may be identified by an analysis of the movement of the airfoil.

Abstract: A system and method of detecting recirculation within a rack server system. A heat transfer model is constructed for a rack server system. A recirculation zone is specified, and hypothetical recirculation temperatures are input at the recirculation zone. The heat transfer model predicts temperatures elsewhere in the rack severe system, and a predicted temperature profile is computed. Actual temperatures in the rack server system are sensed, and an actual temperature profile is also generated. The actual temperature profile is compared with the predicted temperature profile to detect potential recirculation.

Abstract: Method for redirecting outbound VLAN traffic away from an inactive external port of a switch. A first switch monitors the active or inactive status of a designated external port. A host computer periodically queries the first switch requesting the status of the designated external port. The first switch replies to the query indicating the current status of the designated external port. If the external port is inactive, the host computer redirects data traffic away from the inactive designated external port to an alternate external port without deactivating the designated internal port. Preferably, the designated internal port continues to be used for secure internal LAN communications, such as between a host computer and a management entity. When the designated external port is again active, data traffic is returned to the designated external port.

Abstract: A heatsink may be releasably secured to a substructure of an electronic system, such as a circuit board, in engagement with a heat-generating component, such as a processor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for maintaining and servicing a data processing system or “computer system,” including rack enclosures housing multiple servers, desktop computers, and controllers for industrial automation. According to one aspect, touch-activated circuitry is configured with a computer system to control power and data flow to a component port and facilitate hot-swapping of components, such as PCI cards, fans, and hard drives. The component port, such as a PCI slot, electronically interfaces with a removable electronic component, such as a PCI card. A user activates the touch-activated circuitry by touching one or more contact points. Touching the contact points thereby initiate a shut-down sequence of a component driver or other software and then powers down the electronic port so that the electronic component may be safely removed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allowing evaluation of digital content stored on a computer readable medium without unsealing an enclosure containing the medium. The storage medium containing this first digital content is disposed within an enclosure along with non-volatile memory hardware containing second digital content preferably related to the first digital content. The enclosure is sealed to prevent access to the first digital content. However, the non-volatile memory hardware may communicate with the external device without breaking the seal on the enclosure, such as through a communication port or via wireless transmission. Accordingly, the consumer may access the second digital content as a preview of the first digital content prior to unsealing the enclosure or package.

Abstract: A heatsink including an electromagnetic bandgap structure reduces electromagnetic interference caused by an integrated circuit in an electronic device. One embodiment provides a heatsink having a base with an array of electrically-conductive, thermally-conductive patches spaced apart in two dimensions of a reference plane and having a thickness perpendicular to the reference plane. The patches are interconnected by a plurality of branches. Each branch connects adjacent patches and has a width in the reference plane of less than a width of each adjacent patch. A plurality of thermally conductive cooling fins coupled to a surface of the base and extend normal to the reference plane. The cooling fins may be formed of a thermally-conductive, electrically non-conductive material or may be coupled to the base by a thermally-conductive, electrically non-conductive material.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for monitoring a voltage supplied by a voltage regulation module to a processor in response to a dynamic VID generated by the processor. In one embodiment, a voltage monitoring system monitors the voltage generated by the voltage regulation module to ensure the supplied voltage is within regulation thresholds. The voltage monitoring system acquires an analog reading of the supplied voltage and converts it to a digital value. If the VID changes during the conversion, the result of the A/D conversion is discarded. If the VID does not change, the voltage monitoring system accepts the result of the A/D conversion and compares the supplied voltage to the voltage expected in response to the VID. The voltage monitoring system may compute the error between the actual and expected voltage for each accepted A/D conversion. These errors may be accumulated and averaged. The accumulated error may be compared with regulation thresholds, such as a predefined allowable margin of error.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for substantially preventing recirculation of heated air from an exhaust outlet of an expansion card to an air inlet of the expansion card, wherein the air inlet and exhaust outlet are both on the same end of the chassis. The apparatus comprises a chassis with a chassis fan, a motherboard within the chassis having an expansion card connector, and an expansion card in communication with the expansion card connector and secured to the front end of the chassis. The expansion card also includes a card fan configured to move cooling air through the air inlet to the exhaust outlet. An air duct redirects the hot air from the exhaust outlet to prevent recirculation into the expansion card and causes the heated air to exit through the chassis fan. The air duct may include a longitudinal segment through a computer module and a lateral segment selectively securable over the exhaust outlet.