Abstract: Improved antistatic compositions for topical application to textiles, which comprise:(a) a polymer of less than about 20,000 molecular weight consisting essentially of, in polymerized form, about 10 to 99 mole percent alkylene oxide, of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, about 1 to 90 mole percent glycidol and about 0 to 15 mole percent of the glycidyl ester of a fatty acid of about 2 to 20 carbon atoms and about 0 to 15 mole percent of the glycidyl monoester of a polycarboxylic acid,(b) a melamine-formaldehyde curing agent capable of cross-linking the polymer by reaction with the primary hydroxyl groups of the glycidol units, in the amount of about 15 weight percent to about 25 weight percent based on component (a), and(c) a sulfonic acid catalyst for the curing reaction, in the amount of about 1.2-2.2 weight percent based on component (a).

Abstract: A negative-working, reversibly gelled composition is disclosed, suitable for use as the photocurable component in a blank for preparation of an article in relief, such as a printing plate. Uncured portions of the composition are removed with an aqueous solution following imagewise modulated exposure of such a blank to actinic radiation. The composition comprises a first organic polymer bearing per molecule, at least one ethylenically unsaturated group which is polymerizable by a free radical source; and a second organic polymer bearing per molecule, at least two Z groups, Z being a primary hydroxyl or mercapto group, with the proviso that when said first organic polymer bears at least two Z groups per molecule, said second organic polymer may be omitted; said Z groups being reacted by contact with a dialdehyde to produce the reversibly gelled composition.

Abstract: In the preparation of (poly)cyclic polyethers by a cyclic Williamson synthesis, the improvement of contacting the reactants in a hindered (C.sub.4 -C.sub.14) alkanol. For example, bis-chloroethyl ether and the disodium salt of tetraethylene glycol are contacted in t-butanol to produce the cyclic polyether ##STR1## in high yields.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for making polystyrene with M.sub.w between about 200 and about 50,000 and M.sub.w /M.sub.n ratio of less than about 8 by cationically polymerizing styrene monomer under substantially isothermal conditions where the conversion of styrene monomer is carried out in 2 or more stages by contacting with a cation generator. The polystyrene product finds utility as plasticizer for high molecular weight polystyrenes, as a binder resin in various coating applications, and as a precursor for further functionalized polystyrene derivatives. For example, a polystyrene of about 13,000 M.sub.w and M.sub.w /M.sub.n of about 4.9 is prepared by contacting styrene monomer with BF.sub.3 in 4 stages between a temperature of about 60.degree. C and about 80.degree. C.

Abstract: An ion exchange composition comprising an insoluble substrate of a synthetic resin having ion exchanging sites at least on its available surface; and a finely divided, insoluble material comprising synthetic resin particles of from about 0.1 to about 5 microns median diameter (with respect to volume) having, at least on their outer surfaces, ion exchanging sites which attract the ion exchanging sites of the substrate, irreversibly attached as a monolayer to the available surface of the substrate. The composition is used for removal and separation of ions, and is especially useful in liquid ion exchange chromatography.

Abstract: Novel cyclic oligomers of the formula ##STR1## ARE PREPARED BY CONTACTING (A) A STRONG PROTIC ACID WITH (B) AN N-substituted non-activated aziridine of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, cyano or an organic radical which is inert in the process. The process is typically conducted in an aqueous alkanol medium. E.g. the cyclic tetramer of N-phenethylaziridine was obtained as the predominant product by heating a solution of N-phenethylaziridine in aqueous ethanol at reflux temperatures in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Homopolymers and copolymers of glycidyl esters are made by reacting the acids to be esterified with the corresponding polymer of tert.-alkyl glycidyl ether under substantially anhydrous conditions and in the presence of a strong acid catalyst, preferably a sulfonic acid. The reaction proceeds satisfactorily at about 100.degree.14 150.degree. C with displacement of the tert.-alkyl group by the acyl group of the acid and evolution of tert.-olefin. By use of the appropriate proportion of reactant acid and/or appropriate reaction time, any desired proportion of the glycidyl groups can be esterified.

Abstract: A process for preparation of water-soluble polyvinylbenzyl quaternary ammonium halides by the halomethylation and subsequent quaternization of a polystyrene with the improvement that said polystyrene is a cationically-initiated polystyrene of about 1000 to about 50,000 M.sub.w and M.sub.w /M.sub.n ratio of less than about 8, preferably having less than about 0.1 mole percent residual unsaturation. The quaternized product is useful as a water clarifier and as electroconductive film for copying paper and the like.

Abstract: Linear copolymers of glycidol, glycidyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids and, optionally, alkylene oxides, are made by the reaction of an unsaturated fatty acid with a polymer or copolymer of tert.-butyl glycidyl ether in the presence of an acid catalyst. The products are polymerizable and copolymerizable with vinyl monomers and are useful as curable resins.

Abstract: A water-dispersible, low-dusting, free-flowing composition made of acrylamide polymer, an antidusting agent selected from lower aliphatic polyols and polyalkylene glycols of up to about 6000 molecular weight and a particulate free-flow aid is disclosed.

Abstract: Antistatic compositions for topical application to substrates, which comprise(a) a polymer of less than about 20,000 molecular weight consisting essentially of, in polymerized form, about 10 to 99 mole % alkylene oxide, of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, about 1 to 90 mole % glycidol and about 0 to 15 mole % of the glycidyl ester of a fatty acid of about 2 to 20 carbon atoms and about 0 to 15 mole % of the glycidyl monoester of a polycarboxylic acid,(b) a curing agent capable of cross-linking the polymer by reaction with the primary hydroxyl groups of the glycidol units, such as melamine-formaldehyde condensates, dialdehydes, polycarboxylic acids and their anhydrides, epoxy resins (polyepoxides), polyisocyanates, and the like and(c) a catalyst for the curing reaction, such as zinc fluoroborate, a sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate or the like.

Abstract: New polymers are copolymers of glycidol, glycidyl esters of fatty acids, and, optionally, alkylene oxides. They are conveniently made by the reaction of a fatty acid with a polymer or copolymer of tert.-butyl glycidyl ether in the presence of an acid catalyst. They are useful as coatings, lubricants, plasticizers, textile antistatic agents and surfactants.

Abstract: A negative-working, reversibly gelled composition is disclosed, suitable for use as the photocurable component in a blank for preparation of an article in relief, such as a printing plate. Uncured portions of the composition are removed with an aqueous solution following imagewise modulated exposure of such a blank to actinic radiation. The composition comprises a first organic polymer bearing per molecule, at least one ethylenically unsaturated group which is polymerizable by a free radical source; and a second organic polymer bearing per molecule, at least two Z groups, Z being a primary hydroxyl or a mercapto group, with the proviso that when said first organic polymer bears at least two Z groups per molecule, said second organic polymer may be omitted; said Z groups being reacted by contact with a dialdehyde to produce the reversibly gelled composition.

Abstract: This invention relates a relatively low molecular weight polystyrene having a narrow molecular weight distribution range in combination with a 1 to 3-aromatic hydrocarbon ring compound, chloromethylated derivatives thereof, quaternary amine derivatives of said chloromethylated derivatives and the use of such amines as electroconductive resins for the preparation of electroconductive coated papers useful for electrographic printing.

Abstract: In a process for removing --R groups, where --R is tertiary butyl or tertiary amyl, from a polymer containing the monomeric unit represented by the formula ##STR1## by contacting the polymer with a sulfonic acid, the improvement of contacting under essentially anhydrous conditions.

Abstract: A process for hydrating a nitrile to the corresponding amide by contacting the nitrile in the presence of water with an essentially insoluble heterogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of reduced silver oxide, reduced nickel-chromium oxide, reduced iron-chromium oxide or mixture thereof.

Abstract: Novel complexes between (a) a compound of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl; and (b), salts of one of the cations Li, Na, K, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Mn (II), Mn (III), Fe (II), Fe (III), Cu (I), Cu (II), Ag (I), Zn (II), Sn (II), Au (I), Au (II), Hg (I), Hg (II), Ni (I), Ni (II), Co (II), Co (III), hydronium, ammonium alkylammonium and pyridinium; optionally with solvent molecules in the crystal lattice, which complexes are useful as sources of highly pure salts and as soluble sources of certain inorganic reagents, e.g., KMnO.sub.4, NaNO.sub.2, NaSCN, etc., in hydrocarbon systems. For example, a 1:2 complex of sodium chloride and [CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O] .sub.4 is formed with 5 molecules of water per sodium cation in the crystal lattice of the complex.

Abstract: Novel cellulosic sizing agents are described. They are ring-opened aziridinyl homopolymers of ##EQU1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sub.4 is an organic hydrophobic group (e.g., C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 alkyl radical); and X is oxygen or amido nitrogen. The above homopolymers can also be blended with cationic starch to form useful sizing compositions. These sizing agents are normally employed as aqueous emulsions. E.g., paper having excellent sizing properties was prepared from a paper pulp containing a mixture of cationic starch and poly[stearyl 3-(1-aziridinyl)propionate].

Abstract: Polymercaptocarboxylic esters of polyglycidols comprising units represented by the formula ##STR1## are disclosed as well as a method for utilizing the same to prepare cross-linked polymeric compositions.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein --R-- is di-, tri- or tetramethylene which may bear from 1 to 8 C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl substituents, and a process for their preparation wherein a reactant of the formula ##STR2## is contacted, at reaction temperature, with COCl.sub.2. For example, 2-imidazolidone is contacted with phosgene to form N,N'-bis(carbonyl chloride)-2-imidazolidone. The compounds may be condensed with polyols, polythiols or polyamines to form useful resins or pyrolyzed to give alkylene diisocyanates.