Abstract: A carpet is tufted with a two-part primary backing. The upper, or face, backing is a conventional woven or non-woven polypropylene, and the lower, or back, backing is a stronger, open weave fabric. The tufts of yarn are sewn through both parts of the primary backing, which holds the parts together, and causes some of the back stitches to protrude for better coating with adhesive. The resulting carpet may be fully back coated, and may have a secondary backing adhered thereto. The lower backing prevents elongation, stretching and shrinking of the carpet during manufacture and subsequent processing.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating an aluminum alloy product in order to impart a fine grain structure and thereby improve formability and surface finish characteristics. According to this method, the product is first heated to a first temperature high enough to dissolve soluble constituent phase particles into solid solution. The product is maintained at this first temperature long enough to dissolve a major portion of the soluble constituent phase particles. Thereafter, the product is subjected to a controlled cooling process. The product is first cooled from the first temperature, at a first rate that is rapid enough to minimize the precipitation of coarse-grained constituent phase particles, to a second temperature that is below the temperature at which such coarse-grained constituent phase particles will precipitate out. Then, the product is cooled from the second temperature, at a second rate that is within a range of about 1-300 degrees F. per hour, to a third temperature that is at least 50 degrees F.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring the thickness of an article having upper and lower surfaces and substantial length and width dimensions, such as a sheet or plate of aluminum or another metal. A table is provided for supporting the article, and one or more openings across the length and width of the table provide access to the lower surface of the article. The table has a plurality of thickness references, each of which has an upper and a lower surface, and the thickness references are spaced across the width of the table at or near a first end. A plurality of pairs of opposed sensors are mounted at spaced intervals on a carriage that extends across the width of the table and is adapted for movement in the longitudinal direction of the table. A first member of each pair of sensors is disposed above the level of the supporting surface of the table opposite a second member that is disposed therebelow.

Abstract: A wheel cover assembly is disclosed for a wheel that is mounted to a vehicle by a plurality of wheel mounting means comprised of threaded studs and associated nuts. This assembly includes a generally rigid hub cap and a plurality of reusable fasteners which are used to secure the hub cap to the wheel. The hub cap has a generally circular outline, with a plurality of notches spaced about its periphery and a flange extending into each of said notches. A notch in the hub cap is provided for each stud, so that when the wheel cover assembly is positioned on a wheel, the hub cap covers the central portion of the wheel, and each stud and associated nut is located in a notch of the hub cap. Each fastener includes a closed top end portion and a generally cylindrical sidewall extending from the closed top end portion so as to define a generally hollow cavity therein. A terminal collar depends from the bottom of and around the periphery of the sidewall of each fastener.

Abstract: A method of playing a simulated golf game, which game may be played using a dart and a dart board having a generally circular playing surface that is adapted to receive the dart. The surface of the dart board includes a plurality of wedge-shaped zones, each of which corresponds to a hole of a golf course, a plurality of annular rings, and a generally circular bullseye located generally at the center thereof. The method includes providing an identifying indicia such as a number for each wedge-shaped zone, assigning a par value to each wedge-shaped zone, assigning a score with respect to par value to the bullseye, and assigning a score with respect to par value to each annular ring. In addition, an ordered sequence for each wedge-shaped zone is assigned so that each wedge-shaped zone may represent a hole of a simulated golf course, and so that the sequence may correspond to a sequence of holes on the simulated golf course representing a round of golf played on such course.

Abstract: A one-piece, reuseable cover is provided for an assembly of a threaded bolt and an associated annular nut, wherein a portion of the bolt extends through the nut. The cover includes a closed top end portion and a generally cylindrical sidewall extending from the closed top end portion so as to define a generally hollow cavity within the cover. Within the cavity of the cover is located an internally threaded portion, the threads of which are adapted to mate with the external threads on the bolt, so that the cover may be attached to the portion of the bolt that extends through its associated nut by threaded engagement therewith, when the cover is installed over the bolt and nut assembly.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for holding a workpiece having an upper surface, a lower surface and a peripheral edge, in order to facilitate machining or working thereof. According to this method, a bed is provided that is adapted to support the workpiece, said bed having a nonplanar supporting surface so that when the workpiece is supported thereby, a plurality of evacuation spaces are formed between the lower surface of the workpiece and the nonplanar surface of the bed. The bed is also provided with a plurality of vacuum ports that extend therethrough, which ports are in fluid communication with the evacuation spaces so that at least one port communicates with each such space. In the practice of the method a continuous flexible tape is secured to and along the peripheral edge of the workpiece, which tape has a continuous flexible lip portion that curves generally outwardly from the edge of the workpiece.

Abstract: A portable privacy lock is disclosed for use in securing a door that swings on hinges from an open position to a closed position in which the edge of the door opposite its hinged side is adjacent to a closure surface with a clearance gap therebetween. The lock includes a flexible webbing which has a first end and a second end, and which is provided with a plurality of holes between said first and second ends. The lock also includes a first securing plate that is attached to the first end of the webbing and a second securing plate that is attached to the webbing at an intermediate position between the first and second ends thereof. The second plate is also provided with a hole that is aligned with one of the holes in the webbing. The lock also includes a latch that is adapted to receive a drawstring and to releasably engage it from motion with respect thereto, and a drawstring, one end of which is attached to the first plate or to the first end of the webbing.

Abstract: A personal defense baton is disclosed which which may be utilized to direct a spray of a personal defense gas toward an assailant. The personal defense baton of this invention comprises an elongate tube member which includes at one end a compartment for receiving a defense spray container. The defense spray container has a valve for dispersal therethrough of a personal defense gas and a discharge nozzle which communicates with the valve so as to direct a spray of the personal defense gas from the container in a generally axial direction from the end of tube member in which the container is located when the valve is actuated. The baton also includes apparatus for manually actuating the valve without bringing the actuating hand near the discharge nozzle.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for separating a preselected metal fraction from a stream of discrete particles containing a plurality of metals that are not strongly ferromagnetic. According to this method, a detection zone is established within the stream of particles, and a static magnetic field is established within the detection zone. The static magnetic field so established is of insufficient strength or flux density to induce in the particles of metal in the stream an opposing magnetic field of such strength as to cause the particles in the stream to move. The presence of a particle within the detection zone is detected, and changes in the magnetic flux density of the field are measured as the particle passes through the detection zone.

Abstract: Method for transfer of a pallet from the slant table upon which it is made to a stacker or other location by using dual arms with endless chains thereon for moving the pallet after lifting the arms from a storage position just below an angled table surface to a horizontal position such that the upstream end of the pallet is raised. The pallet may be transferred by the chains to a starting position and raised and locked in a stack of pallets before another pallet begins the same cycle. The process may be made automatic by providing an air cylinder supplied by an air compressor both for lifting the upstream end of the pallet and raising the pallet into a stack of pallets and providing a duly connected limit switch for stopping the pallet where it is to be stacked.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for making an artificial fuel log from a mixture of combustible material and binder. According to this method, the mixture is placed in a hollow mold which is open at both ends, and compressive forces, having both axial and radial components, are applied at both ends of the mold to compress the mixture in the mold. Both ends of the mold are closed to maintain the compressed mixture therein at a fixed volume while the mixture is at least partially cured therein. The closures are then removed from the ends of the mold, and the fuel log is removed from the mold.

Abstract: Metal chlorides such as aluminum chloride (AlCl.sub.3) are separated from a mixture containing metal chlorides including AlCl.sub.3 and ferric chloride (FeCl.sub.3). In order to effect this separation, the mixture is subjected to a fractional distillation process utilizing an array of distillation columns. According to this process, the mixture is introduced into a first distillation column which is operated at temperatures and pressures sufficient to separate FeCl.sub.3 from the mixture while avoiding the formation of a solid solution of FeCl.sub.3 and AlCl.sub.3 within the column. At least one additional distillation column is then employed to separate metal chlorides from the remaining mixture from the first column.

Abstract: A particulate refractory mixture is disclosed which is suitable for combination with water to form a castable refractory having high strength, low porosity and enhanced resistance to molten aluminum. The mixture consists essentially of 79.5-89.5% by weight alumina, 10-20% by weight calcium aluminate and 0.5-1.5% by weight borosilicate frit.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for burning a pulverized carbonaceous material containing sulfur and ash. According to this method, a slurry is formed containing the carbonaceous material, water, a reagent adapted to react during combustion with the sulfur in the material and a cementing agent adapted to reduce particulate emissions during combustion. The slurry is burned in a first stage with less than 100% theoretical air and preferably at a temperature below about 1100.degree. C. The products of combustion from the first stage are removed to a second stage and burned with additional air.

Abstract: An improved cell is disclosed for producing metal by electrolytic reduction of a metal halide dissolved in at least one molten halide of higher electrodecomposition potential than the metal halide. The cell includes a plurality of cell elements, including an inner refractory lining and a plurality of carbonaceous elements. Included among the carbonaceous elements are carbonaceous lining elements located inside of and abutting a portion of the inner refractory lining and carbonaceous electrode elements abutting the inner refractory lining. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, some carbonaceous lining elements abut other carbonaceous lining elements, and some carbonaceous electrode elements abut other carbonaceous electrode elements. The improved cell also includes carbon felt gaskets located between at least some of the abutting elements for sealing of the joints of abutment in order to minimize the effects of physical shifts in the carbonaceous elements.

Abstract: Chlorination of aluminous materials such as alumina and bauxite is carried out at 575.degree. to 750.degree. C. in the presence of a solid reducing agent. The reducing agent is a green coke which has been calcined at a temperature between 650.degree. C. and 900.degree. C. for a period of from 10 to 120 minutes.

Abstract: A synthetic metal working lubricant characterized by an absence of mineral oil and dispersible in water comprises an alkanolamine such as triethanolamine, a 12 to 18 carbon aliphatic acid, such as oleic acid, and a water-dispersible or miscible polyoxyalkylene alcohol. The lubricant may optionally also contain an aliphatic carboxylic acid ester or diester. The resulting lubricant can be disposed of in accordance with existing EPA regulations on amounts of effluent extractable with hexane in comparison with prior art mineral oil based lubricants.