Abstract: Amidamines of the following formula are described: ##STR1## where R is independently hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;R' is an alkyl group if k is 1, or an alkylene group if k is greater than 1; where R' has 2 to 18 carbon atoms;R" is independently lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms;R'" is independently straight or branched lower alkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms;x is independently 1 to 200;y is independently 1 to 300;z is independently 1 to 200;p is independently 2 to 11; andk is from 1 to 8; where the x and z groups may be distributed in blocks or randomly.These compositions are made by reacting a cyclic lactam with an etheramine. Incorporation of increasing quantities of the polyetherpolyamine did not decrease the crystalline melting point (T.sub.m) of the resulting copolymer. The polyamidopolyfunctional amines (poly(amide-ether-amide) triblock copolymers) have a relatively low modulus and retain higher use temperatures than current polyetheramide segment block copolymers.

Abstract: Novel polymer polyols based on halogenated aromatic monomers such as tribromostyrene give polyurethane foams with improved flame retardant properties. For example, replacing conventional SAN polymer polyols with tribromostyrene (TBS)/acrylonitrile polymer polyols allows the preparation of polyurethane foams passing British Standard 5852, Part 2, Ignition Source 5 Combustion Test and having better ASTM E-906 values without the need for solid fillers such as melamine or aluminum trihydrate, although these and other flame retardant additives may be optionally employed as well. Elimination of these fillers also provides other improvements such as superior strength and better compression set properties. The TBS dispersions may also be used in conjunction with melamine to eliminate the need for liquid fire retardant additives.

Abstract: Poly(ethyleneoxy)amines, such as those having the structure:H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.b --NH--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.c --(CH.sub.2).sub.d --Rwhere a and d are independently 2 to 3; b and c are independently 1 to 4 and R is --OH or --NH.sub.2, may be reacted over a transition metal catalyst such as one containing nickel to produce diaza crown ethers, such as, for example 4,13-diaza-18-crown-6. If the poly(ethyleneoxy)amine is a diamine having a hydroxyl group of the above formula, the reaction may produce the corresponding triamine in the presence of ammonia. These triamines also readily form diaza crown ethers at near complete conversions simply from nickel, platinum, and palladium metal catalysts alone or with other transition metals such as copper and/or chromium. The process avoids tedious, multiple step procedures and the high dilutions that accompany prior diaza crown ether preparations.

Abstract: Improved polymer/polyol compositions and processes for making them; high potency preformed stabilizers used to make the polymer/polyol compositions and processes for making them; and improved polyurethane products made from the polymer/polyols compositions; characterized by a material reduction in polymer/polyol viscosity while raising the polymer solids content.

Abstract: An air injection device for attachment to the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine is described. A one-way or check valve permits air to be drawn into the air injector to the exhaust manifold when the pressure inside is less than atmospheric to allow more complete burn of unconsumed fuel. On the pressure stroke, the valve closes and prevents untreated exhaust gases from exiting the injector. The valve is designed with mechanisms, such as small protrusions, on the valve and/or on the seat or circumferences that the valve contacts to reduce or prevent sticking of the valve. In one embodiment, the valve may be spherical, and in another embodiment, the air injector may be provided with a mechanism to manually adjust the air flow through the injector.

Abstract: A liquid full pressurized vessel seal is provided to effectively seal around rotating shafts in the walls of vessels that stir, for example, highly viscous materials such as polymers. The seal has a housing with a conventional mechanical seal and a bushing on the outward side thereof, after which is injected a sealing liquid under pressure such as mineral oil. The pressure of the sealing liquid is sufficient to just force open a plurality of lip seals facing the direction of the vessel. The mineral oil, or other fluid compatible with the contents of the vessel, meets the product in a wind back pump section of the seal having a thread that forces the product back into the vessel and thus prevents its leakage.

Abstract: A novel high resiliency (HR) polyurethane resin foam composition is provided which contains phosphorus compounds to improve the static fatigue properties thereof. An unusual benefit of using certain phosphorus compounds in HR foams is that improved compression set characteristics are obtained. As might be expected, flammability properties are also improved. Some preferred phosphorus additives include, but are not limited to phosphates, phosphonates, phosphites and phosphine oxides such as tri(.beta.-chloroethyl)phosphate; tri(.beta.-chloropropyl)phosphate; dichloroethyl methylphosphate; tetrakis(2-chloroethyl) ethylene diphosphate; dimethyl methylphosphonate; diphenyl methylphosphate; triethylphosphate; tricrysylphosphate (TCP); triphenylphosphite; triethylphosphite; triethylphosphine oxide; triphenylphosphine oxide; and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Reaction injection molded (RIM) or structural RIM (SRIM) resins having improved (prolonged) set times, that is, reduced reactivity, may be produced by the addition of an acid blocked amino acid salt catalyst as co-catalyst, or even as a sole catalyst. This permits large molds to be filled completely before cure. However, cure rates are not affected permitting high production rates. The physical properties of RIM and SRIM compositions do not suffer from the addition of these co-catalysts. The amino acid salts may have the formula: ##STR1## where R and R' are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; where the R" groups are independently alkylene groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; where M is an alkali metal; and where x ranges from 1 to 4.

Abstract: A molecular restricter for inhibiting or preventing gas molecules from flowing past a point, such as a piece of optical equipment, substantially without inhibiting particles mixed therewith from passing therethrough is described. The molecular restricter has a plurality of elongated cells with each end open to permit the particles to pass through. However the width of the cell must be less than the mean free path .gamma. of the molecules under the conditions the restricter is to be used with. In one embodiment, the length of the cell is at least ten times longer than its width. The cells are arranged adjacent to each other and in parallel orientation. The walls of each cell must also be parallel to permit free transmission of the particles or light therethrough.

Abstract: A litter for the accumulation of animal urine, such as a domestic cat litter, having at least one visual indicator chemically bound to the litter base material, and a method for making such litter have been discovered. The litter having the chemical indicator chemically absorbed thereon, rather than merely physically absorbed, permits the litter to be used not only as an effective mechanism by animal owners to determine potential health concerns with their animals; but because the indicator is chemically bound, the same litter may also serve as a useful diagnostic tool in a subsequent visit to a veterinarian. The litter base material must have the ability to exchange ions. Compounds to facilitate agglomeration or clumping of the litter when contacting urine may also be added to the litter base material.

Abstract: Surfactant composition prepared by reacting dicarboxylic acids and esters thereof, such as adipic acid, diethyl oxalate, etc.; a polyoxyalkyleneamine residue, such as an alkylene glycol diamine bottoms product, and fatty acids and esters thereof, such as tallow acid or coconut acid, are described. These nonionic surfactant compositions are useful for preparing surfactant bars, or other molded or shaped articles such as toys.

Abstract: Bisulfite addition products, which exhibit surface active properties, prepared by reacting a ketone-terminated polyoxyalkylene compound, such as a diketone of a polyoxypropylene glycol, a monoketone of a polyoxyalkylene alcohol, etc. with an ammonium or alkali metal bisulfite are disclosed.

Abstract: Primary alcohols may be oxidized to the corresponding aldehydes using non-toxic oxidizing agents such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) in the presence of a transition metal phthalocyanine catalyst. Representative catalysts include ferrous phthalocyanine and chloroferric phthalocyanine. Under some conditions, 1,1-dialkoxyalkanes may be co-produced with the aldehydes. 1,1-Dialkoxyalkanes are protected aldehydes and find utility in solvents.

Abstract: A method for producing secondary amines, particularly fatty secondary amines such as ditallowamine from fatty nitriles, such as tallow nitrile over a nickel catalyst promoted with copper, chromium and molybdenum has been discovered. The reaction gives high selectivity of secondary amine over the coproduced primary and tertiary amines. The reaction may be conducted continuously in the presence of ammonia and hydrogen. The secondary amine proportion may be increased by a second stage using the same catalyst as the first stage, but in the absence of ammonia. The same catalyst may be used in both steps if a two stage process is used.

Abstract: It has been discovered that a particular polyurethane formulation may be used to prepare "pour-in-place" (PIP) polyurethane foam articles where the formulation is injected into a mold bearing an exterior covering such as a fabric without the foaming liquid striking through the layer. The formulation employs a hydrophilic polyhydric compound to help the reactivity balance that minimizes penetration of the exterior covering while also stabilizing the rising foam against shear collapse without excessively tightening the foam. Contrary to the conventional expectation that the hydrophilic polyhydric compound would cause strike through problems since it delays the initial reaction time, it has been found to have the noted stabilizing effect. A preferred hydrophilic polyhydric compound is glycerine. A preferred isocyanate for the formulation is tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), in contrast to diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) heretofore used in PIP foams.

Abstract: Polyether amides may be produced by reacting aromatic dicarboxylic acids with tetraethylene glycol diamine. This is surprising since aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as terephthalic acid cannot be readily reacted with triethylene glycol diamine. Suitable dicarboxylic acids include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, t-butyl isophthalic acid, and mixtures thereof. Tetraethylene glycol diamine is also known as JEFFAMINE.RTM. EDR-192 Amine. The resulting polyether amides are useful to make polymers, including fibers, with unusually good water absorbancy properties.

Abstract: Anti-icing compositions, such as used on aircraft wing surfaces, may be thickened using a blend of a polyacrylic acid and a copolymer of polyacrylic acid with a vinyl monomer, where the copolymer acts as a thickener modifier. The two polymers form a thickener blend. The polyacrylic acid may have a weight average molecular weight of from about 2,500,000 to about 3,500,000 and be slightly crosslinked with a diene monomer. The composition also contain an alkylene glycol component, such as propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and mixtures thereof. These compositions retain a high viscosity,even when diluted with water, and exhibit a highly pseudo plastic rheology indicating desirable flow off characteristics. A neutralizing agent to neutralize at least partially the carboxylic acid groups of the thickening blend is also preferably included.

Abstract: Surfactant compositions comprising a water-soluble polyurethane or polyurea dispersed in a surfactant are described. These compositions are prepared by reacting an aromatic or aliphatic polyisocyanate with a polyol or polyamine in the presence of a surfactant. Solid products of this invention are suitable for preparing molded or shaped articles such as bathtub toys.

Abstract: A method for continuous production of tertiary aliphatic methyl amines, particularly fatty aliphatic methyl amines such as di-hydrogenated tallow methyl amine from fatty alkyl amines, such as di-hydrogenated tallow amine over a nickel catalyst has been discovered. The reaction gives high selectivity of tertiary methyl amine over the coproduced secondary amines. The reaction may be conducted continuously in the presence of hydrogen and a formaldehyde source. The formaldehyde source may be selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde alone, formalin, a solution of mixed formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde in methanol and water, trioxane and mixtures thereof. The nickel catalyst may be promoted with copper and/or chromium, in one embodiment.

Abstract: Novel bis-hydroxy diamides having the formula: ##STR1## where R is an alkyl or aryl moiety having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and where x ranges from 1 to 6 may be produced by reacting dicarboxylic acids with polyethylene glycol monoamines. Suitable dicarboxylic acids include adipic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, t-butyl isophthalic acid, 1,1,3-trimethyl-5-carboxy-3-(p-carboxyphenyl)indane, and mixtures thereof. Suitable monoamines include diethylene glycol monoamine, also known as Diglycolamine.RTM. amine (DGA); triethylene glycol monoamine (TEGMA) and tetraethylene glycol monoamine (T.sub.4 EGMA), among others. The resulting bis-hydroxy diamides are useful to make hydroxy-terminated polyamides and as fuel additive corrosion inhibitors. The diamides have unusual solubility properties.