Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for the simultaneous measurement of the general corrosion rate and the atomic hydrogen permeation rate through at least two like specimens in the same test cell, under the same conditions at the same time.The nonconductive electrochemical test cell is adapted to receive at least two test specimens and associated electrodes and electronic and physical measuring means. One or more chemical additives can be introduced into the cell to determine their effect on inhibiting hydrogen permeation and corrosion rates as reflected by the respective measurements. This procedure can be repeated for other inhibitors, and, from the data obtained, a comparative ranking of the effectiveness of inhibitors can be assigned.

Abstract: A noninvasive device and methods for measuring the end-tidal carbon monoxide concentration in a patient's breath, particularly newborn and premature infants. The patient's breath is monitored. An average carbon monoxide concentration is determined based on an average of discrete samples in a given time period. The ratio of the end-tidal portion of the breath flow sample is separately determined, preferably based on monitoring the level of carbon dioxide in the gas sample and identifying the carbon dioxide concentration levels corresponding to the end-tidal portion of the breath sample. The sensed carbon monoxide level is converted to the end-tidal carbon monoxide level by subtracting the ambient carbon monoxide level and dividing the remainder by the ratio of end-tidal breath to breath in the breath sample.

Abstract: An apparatus end method of validating coins involves taking two independent measurements of the tested item, and determining whether both measurements lie within respective ranges for a particular coin type, the range for at least one of the measurements being dependent upon at least one other measurement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isolation pad for mounting a supply vessel to a feeding mechanism, and a system containing such a pad. The isolation pad is made of two plates connected by a flexible elastomer gasket. An aperture extends through both plates and the gasket. One plate is mounted to the supply vessel. The other plate is mounted to the feeding mechanism. Consequently, the supply vessel is supported by the elastomeric gasket. Because the gasket is flexible, the supply vessel is resilient and free to vibrate independently with respect to the feeding mechanism.

Abstract: The fastener, which is especially adapted for bones, consists of a shaft (2) bearing a thread (1) with variable pitch, a front end (3) and a rear end (4).The thread (1) is present over the entire area of the shaft (2), and in the area of the rear end (4) is characterized by a smaller pitch than in the area of the front end (3).Thanks to the diminishing pitch of the thread (1) in the proximal direction, a locally differentiated intraosseous pressure generation takes place. In accord with the well-known Wolff's Law, this leads to a controlled bone growth along the loading axis and thus an improvement in the stability of the implanted fastener.

Abstract: In a process for making solvent-spun cellulose fibre, cellulose is dissolved in aqueous N-methylmorpholine N-oxide to form a solution, said solution is passed through at least one pipe, the temperature in degrees Centigrade of said solution in the center of said pipe being controlled at 1000/(X+0.98.sqroot.D) and/or the temperature of said solution at the interior wall of said pipe being controlled at 1000/(Y+1.15.sqroot.D) where D represents the internal diameter of said pipe in inches, X represents a value equal to or greater than 5.0 and Y represents a value equal to or greater than 5.4, and said solution is subsequently extruded through a die to form filaments which are coagulated, washed with water to remove said solvent and then dried, thereby forming said solvent-spun cellulose fibre.

Abstract: Ortho esters of the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different or the same alkyl moieties and can be a saturated, unsaturated, branched, unbranched or cyclic alkyl moiety of 1-3 carbon atoms, are prepared by first anhydrously reacting hydrogen cyanide or a hydrogen cyanide derivative with a secondary alkanol and hydrogen chloride in the presence of an inert organic solvent. Upon the formation of the resulting imino ether hydrochloride, more secondary alkanol is added to form the ortho esters (I). 1,1-Dialkoxycycloalkanes of the structure ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 correspond to R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 of structure (I), and n is an integer from 4 to 9, are prepared by reacting with the imino ether hydrochloride more secondary alkanol and a cycloalkanone having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A coin testing mechanism of the kind provided with a removable and replaceable cassette is described. The coin testing mechanism includes a plurality of coin storage tubes and means for dispensing coins from the storage tubes, and the removable cassette is an assembly which comprises a plurality of storage tube modules. Each of the modules comprises at least one storage tube, and the modules are retained in the assembly by releasable and reusable retaining means to enable exchanging one module of the cassette for another.

Abstract: A hydrocyclone plant comprises a great number of hydrocyclones (1) arranged in a plurality of separate assemblies (10, 10A, 10B). Each hydrocyclone assembly includes branch pipes (6, 6A), to which the hydrocyclones of the assembly are connected in parallel relationship to one another. There are main pipes (13) of the same number as that of the branch pipes of each assembly, the branch pipes of each assembly being connected to said main pipes, respectively. According to the invention, clamping means (8, 9) are provided for releasably clamping each hydrocyclone substantially transversely against at least one of the associated branch pipes (6, 6A) of the latter, and the individual assemblies include various numbers of hydrocyclones, for optimizing the desired capacity of the hydrocyclone plant.

Abstract: A plate heat exchanger for heat transfer media, comprising a plurality of heat transfer plates having ridges (11) running adjacent each other, the top portions (13) of which are located on a specific distance from a plane parallel with the plate, and in an angle with these ridges, grooves (12) running adjacent to each other, the bottom portions (14) of which are located on an equal distance from said plane. Each plane portion located between two parallel ridges (11) and two parallel grooves (12), is provided with protrusions (18) and depressions (19), the top portions (20) and bottom portions (21) of which, respectively, are located closed to said plane than said specific distance.

Abstract: A pocket-type apparatus for non-invasive measurement of blood glucose concentration based on producing a polarized-modulated laser beam via an optical phase shifter (32), measuring a phase difference introduced, e.g., by a finger (F) or a ear lobule (E) of a subject, measuring phase difference between a reference signal (SR) and a measurement signal (SM), and processing the obtained data which are then presented as blood glucose concentration. The optical phase shifter (32) comprises a pair of fiber-optic arms (40 and 42). The laser beam is fed to one of the fiber-optic arms (4), then both arms are guided through an input optical coupler (44) which splits the laser beam into a first component, which further propagates through the first optic-fiber arm (40), and a second component, which propagates through second optic-fiber arm (42). An optical phase shifter (48) which is attached to the first fiber-optic arm (40) modulates the first component of the laser beam.

Abstract: A basis weight scanner using a beta-ray source and an electron detector on opposite sides of a web of wood pulp sheeting is used to calculate the weight of wood pulp advanced past a measuring location (e.g. into a cellulosic fibre production plant).

Abstract: A multi-battery charging system for reduced fuel consumption and emissions for an automotive vehicle. The system starts the vehicle with a start battery in a fuel saving manner, removing electrical torque from the alternator shaft, and allows a second (run) battery to provide all or some of the current required by the vehicle loads as a fuel savings measure. The start battery is recharged after start and switched out of the system fully charged for future vehicle starts. The run battery is recharged when its charge level drops below a predetermined level with an on board battery charging device powered from a 115 volt or 220 volt ac power line source external to the vehicle. The system also increases the alternator field current to charge the run battery during vehicle deceleration to use vehicle momentum to torque the alternator shaft, thus saving fuel. The system controls the alternator field current with a voltage regulator.

Abstract: A two piece dispensing closure for a container with a dispensing orifice in the front section and an elevated rear land that has a pivot recess adapted to receive a separate lid with a recess or groove which enables the lid to be rotated to about 150.degree. from the closed position. The front section of the lid is generally circular with a pivot post at its rear. A chamfered elevated land which saves plastic material and is easier to mold, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A filtration system for filtering dope of a solvent-spun fiber manufacturing plant in which dope to be spun flows from a source of supply (10) through a series of filter assemblies (15) (21) (23) to jets (22(b)) of each spinning heads (22). The filtration system comprises, in flow series, a first stage filter assemblies (15) having filter elements with the finest pore size of the series (typically 20.mu.) and a final stage filter assembly (23), immediately upstream of the jets (22(b)) of each spinning head (22). The final stage filter assembly is of the coarsest pore size of the series of filters (typically 80.mu.) and is equal to, or less than, the size of the jet holes (typically 80.mu.). The filter media of intermediate filter assemblies (21) between the first (15) and final (23) stages increase in pore size as one progresses from the first filter assembly (15) to the final filter assemblies (23) along the flow path.

Abstract: A relay device utilizing a linear "impact break" method for contact break. An armature shaft has attached at one end a plunger situated at the base of the relay core. The armature has a terminal end portion at its other end. A spring provides a biasing force to maintain the plunger and armature shaft in open state. Resiliently mounted on the armature shaft adjacent its end opposite the plunger is a movable contact disc rotatable about the armature shaft for coming in contact with two stationary contacts in the closed state. The armature shaft towards its plunger end extends into an armature travel cavity. The armature shaft towards its movable contact end extends into a chamber open to the armature travel cavity. A movably mounted further spring is located about the armature shaft between the contact disc and a stop on the armature shaft. The further spring rotates upon its compression to rotate the contact disc to vary the position of contact during a plurality of closing operations.

Abstract: A method displaying a self-authenticating indicia on footwear is described. In one embodiment, a first segment of the indicia is displayed on the upper of the shoe, and a second segment is displayed on the sidewall. Alternately, the indicia may be in three segments which are displayed on the upper, sidewall and bottom of the sole. In each embodiment the segments are aligned to form the full indicia when the shoe is manufactured.