Abstract: Novel fumarate- and fumaramide-containing monomers are disclosed which are especially useful in the preparation of biocompatible devices, especially contact lenses.

Abstract: Eyewear, such as sunglasses, is provided having a self-adjusting ear stem system. The eyewear has upper and lower frame members which contain an elastic cord means disposed there through wherein the elastic cord means can be extended on opposite sides of the wearer's face to fit around the wearer's ears.

Abstract: A non-alcoholic, aqueous mouthwash composition is provided which contains a dispersion system containing a non-ionic surfactant selected from an hydrogenated castor oil and a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer having about 50% to about 90% ethylene oxide, a humectant and a cationic antimicrobial agent. The composition exhibits a homogeneous, uniform appearance and a high degree of bacterial efficacy.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for ablating a target surface and cleaning an ablated target surface resulting in the reduction of ablation debris accumulation.

Abstract: A new class of polymerizable surfactants, useful for modifying the surfaces of polymeric objects, which are described by the formula:DC[A.sub.x B.sub.y ]wherein A is at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrophilic monomer, B is at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrophobic monomer, C is a functional chain transfer agent, D is an ethylenically unsaturated end group, y is within the range from about 0.1 to about 0.9, and x+y=1. Also disclosed are random copolymer precursors of such polymerizable surfactants.

Abstract: When molding shaped articles such as contact lenses from monomeric mixtures containing silicone monomers and hydrophilic monomers, the wettability of the resulting article is improved by using a mold material produced from a resin comprising a copolymer of an alpha, beta, olefinically saturated mononitrile and at least one comonomer to enhance melt processability.

Abstract: An ocular insert for insertion into the cul de sac of the eye which is a substantially circular disc having a concave posterior surface and a convex anterior surface with a radius of curvature less than that of the sclera and a center thickness of less than about 1.5 mm.

Abstract: A method of modifying surfaces of polymeric objects which comprises immersing the polymeric object in an aqueous dispersion of a polymerizable surfactant, a cross-linking agent, and a free radical initiator and exposing the immersant to ultraviolet light to form a permanent, cross-linked surface coating on the object. Also disclosed are coated objects prepared by this method, which is particularly suited for coating contact lenses.

Abstract: Improved methods for forming urethane elastomers and corresponding urethane prepolymers are disclosed wherein diisocyanate and a low molecular weight diol are simultaneously mixed and reacted to form a hard segment which is subsequently reacted with a long chain diol to form the elastomer. Aliphatic diisocyanates are particularly desirable for the manufacture of contact lenses from the urethane prepolymers of this invention.

Abstract: Toxicant, especially pesticide compositions, having lowered dermal toxicity are provided. The compositions include a lipophilic-pesticide, a nonionic surfactant and a dry inert diluent carrier. Methods for reducing the dermal toxicity of lipophilic toxicants, especially pesticides are provided, as well as methods for controlling insect pests using the disclosed compositions.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a phosphorodichlorothioate of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is: a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, optionally substituted with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 Alkylthio group, or a halogen group; a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycoalkyl group; a C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 araklyl group, optionally substituted with up to three C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl groups, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups, halogen groups or nitro groups, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl group, optionally substituted with up to three C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkyl groups, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups, halogen groups or nitro groups; which comprises reacting, at a temperature of from about -20.degree. C. to about 20.degree. C., a mercaptan of the formula R--SH, wherein R is as previously defined, with at least one chlorinating agent, sulfur based acid and phosphorus trichloride.

Abstract: Microcapsule formulations are combined with emulsions or particle dispersions in a single-package formulation which is storage-stable and provides substantially the full efficacy of each of the two forms as if applied individually. The single-package formulation is suspension having two dispersed phases--the first being an active species encapsulated in a shell of inert polymeric diffusion-limiting material (i.e., a microcapsule), and the second being an active species in water-insoluble form with no diffusion-limiting barrier at its surface. An appropriate suspension system is included to prevent the dispersed phases from agglomerating within themselves and with each other. The invention is useful in combining two different active ingredients as well as in combining immediate-delivery and delayed-delivery forms of the same active ingredient.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a solid, phytoactive composition comprising: (a) reacting an acid form of a phytoactive N-phosphonomethyl-N-carboxylmethyl compound with a liquid amine to form the amine salt of said N-phosphonomethyl-N-carboxylmethyl compound; (b) admixing said salt of said N-phosphonomethyl-N-carboxylmethyl compound with a molten surfactant, the surfactant being solid at ambient temperatures; and (c) cooling said mixture to a temperature below the melting point of the surfactant to form a composition comprising said surfactant and said amine salt of N-phosphonomethyl-N-carboxylmethyl compound interdispersed in the matrix thereof and which is solid at ambient temperatures.

Abstract: As new compounds, substituted aryloxyphenoxy benzamides having the formula ##STR1## in which X is CH or nitrogen; Y is chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, methyl, cyano or hydrogen; Z is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, CH.sub.n, F.sub.3-n where n is an integer from 0 to 3; R is nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen or halogen; R' is hydrogen, CH.sub.3, lower alkyl, having 1-10 carbon atoms, SCCl.sub.3, ##STR2## or --PO.sub.3 R.sup.3.sub.2 wherein R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms, aryl, or an equivalent of base such as a salt; R" is cyano, --C.tbd.CH, ##STR3## wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms, aryl or an equivalent of base such as a salt; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: Herbicidally active thiocarbamates are employed in combination with organophosphorothioates and -dithioates and -phosphonothioates, -dithioates and -trithioates, the latter in sufficient quantity to prevent soil degradation of the former. As a result, the herbidical effectiveness of the thiocarbamate is significantly enhanced and prolonged, rendering a single application of the herbicide effective over a longer period of time. Such herbicidal compositions can optionally contain a non-phytotoxic antidotally effective amount of an amide of haloalkanoic or dihaloalkanoic acid.

Abstract: The formation of dialkyl phosphorodithioic acids by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide with an alcohol is catalyzed by using an organosulfur halide catalyst for the reaction. Representative classes of organosulfur halide catalysts include the sulfonium halides, the sulfoxonium halides, and polymeric sulfur halide materials.

Abstract: Toxicant, especially pesticide compositions, having lowered dermal toxicity are provided. The compositions include a lipophilic-pesticide, a nonionic surfactant and a dry inert diluent carrier. Methods for reducing the dermal toxicity of lipophilic toxicants, especially pesticides are provided, as well as methods for controlling insect pests using the disclosed compositions.