Abstract: A scanning electron microscope with an energy filter which can positively utilize secondary electrons and/or reflected electrons which collide against a mesh electrode and are lost. The scanning electron microscope which has a porous electrode for producing an electric field for energy-filtering electrons produced by applying a primary electron beam to a sample and a 1st electron detector which detects electrons passing through the porous electrode is characterized by further having a porous structure provided near the sample, a deflector which deflects electrons from the axis of the primary electron beam, and a 2nd electron detector which detects the electrons deflected by the deflector.
Abstract: An elastic material includes a plurality of zones. Each of the zones has a particular modulus of elasticity associated with it and the distribution of the zones throughout the elastic material causes the material to have a variation of modulus of elasticity along a particular direction in the material. The elastic material includes a weft, which includes a relatively inelastic component, and a warp, which includes the relatively inelastic component together with the relatively elastic component.
Abstract: An optical pickup unit includes first and second light sources of first and second wavelengths, respectively, a dichroic element, a phase plate, and an objective lens. One of the first and second light sources is selected so that information recording or reproduction is performed by converging a light beam emitted from the selected one of the first and second light sources on an optical recording medium via the dichroic element, the phase plate, and the objective lens.
Abstract: An architecture, and its method of formation and operation, containing a high density memory array of semi-volatile or non-volatile memory elements, including, but not limited to, programmable conductive access memory elements. The architecture in one exemplary embodiment has a pair of semi-volatile or non-volatile memory elements which selectively share a bit line through respective first electrodes and access transistors controlled by respective word lines. The memory elements each have a respective second electrode coupled thereto which in cooperation with the bit line access transistors and first electrode, serves to apply read, write and erase signals to the memory element.
Abstract: On an information recording medium, a recording area is divided in a plurality of data areas, and data is recorded on each of the data areas. In response to a request for obtaining data management information concerning a recording of the data recorded on each of the data areas, a plurality of predetermined data areas among the foregoing data areas are regarded as a predetermined pseudo area, and the data management information including information concerning the predetermined pseudo area is obtained.
Abstract: A particle therapy system, as one example of a particle beam irradiation system, comprises a charged particle beam generator and an irradiation field forming apparatus. An ion beam from the charged particle beam generator is irradiated to a diseased part in the body of a patient through the irradiation field forming apparatus. A scattering compensator and a range modulation wheel (RMW) are disposed on the upstream side in a direction of beam advance and are movable along a beam axis. The movement of the scattering compensator and the RMW adjusts a size of the ion beam entering a scatterer device, whereby a change in scattering intensity of the ion beam in the scatterer device is adjusted. As a result, a penumbra in dose distribution is reduced and a more uniform dose distribution in a direction perpendicular to the direction of beam advance is obtained in the diseased part.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 8, 2004
Date of Patent:
May 23, 2006
Assignee:
Hitachi, Ltd.
Inventors:
Masaki Yanagisawa, Hiroshi Akiyama, Koji Matsuda, Hisataka Fujimaki
Abstract: A method of sputter depositing silver selenide and controlling the stoichiometry and nodular defect formations of a sputter deposited silver-selenide film. The method includes depositing silver-selenide using a sputter deposition process at a pressure of about 0.3 mTorr to about 10 mTorr. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, an RF sputter deposition process may be used preferably at pressures of about 2 mTorr to about 3 mTorr. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a pulse DC sputter deposition process may be used preferably at pressures of about 4 mTorr to about 5 mTorr.
Abstract: A charge pump circuit is provided for generating a voltage (1+1/n) times as high as a supply voltage. The charge pump circuit eliminates the need for diodes for preventing a current from flowing back from a high potential side of capacitors to prevent a reduction in the voltage due to a forward voltage, and reduces a reactive current and latch-up when the charge pump circuit is integrated into a single IC chip. The charge pump circuit includes a fourth switching element having a substrate gate connected to a drain for preventing a current from flowing back to an input terminal from a high potential side of fly back capacitors connected in series, and a second switching element having a substrate gate connected to a drain for preventing a current from flowing back from a high potential side of a catch-up capacitor to the fly back capacitors connected in series.
Abstract: If a phase difference between a synchronizing source signal F1 and a comparison signal F2 is higher than a first lower limit a or lower than a first upper limit b, a comparator 3 selects this phase difference, if the phase difference is not higher than the lower limit a, selects the lower limit a, and if the phase difference is not lower than the upper limit b, selects the upper limit b, and a divider 7A outputs a comparison signal F2 obtained by dividing a frequency of an output signal F0, to change a phase of the signal F2 so that if the phase difference is not higher than a second lower limit e lower than the lower limit a, the phase difference may become the lower limit a and, if the phase difference is higher than a second upper limit f higher than the upper limit b, the phase difference may become the upper limit b.
Abstract: A hybrid saxophone is a combination of an acoustic saxophone and an electronic system, and the electronic system includes key sensors for monitoring the keys and a tonguing sensor for detecting the position of the tongue together with a breath sensor and a lip sensor, and the pieces of playing data are brought to an electronic tone generator for producing electric tones; the mouthpiece of the acoustic saxophone is replaced with another mouthpiece, which does not supply the breath to the reed, and a rotary type air-flow regulator is provided in the mouthpiece so that the player feels the blowing same as that in the acoustic saxophone.
Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic composition that is based on a layered bismuth compound composed of Sr, Bi, Nb, oxygen, contains an additional monovalent metallic element. The piezoelectric ceramic composition has an elevated Curie point, is highly reliable at higher temperatures, that is, minimizes the reduction in the piezoelectric effect, and is useful as a material for piezoelectric ceramic devices that contain little or no lead or lead compounds. The layered bismuth compound contains not more than about 0.125 mol and more than 0 mol of the monovalent metallic element for 1 mol of Nb.
Abstract: In an oscillator used in a high frequency band such as the microwave band, the millimeter wave band, etc., an oscillation element and circuit components such as a resonator coupled to the oscillation element, etc., are provided inside a casing, the oscillation element is disposed inside a cavity having at least one opening portion, and a part or the whole of the resonator is disposed outside the cavity.
Abstract: The present invention provides a remote maintenance method, a remote maintenance system, and an industrial device for enabling control and thorough services and billing according to the contents of the remote maintenance operation and the request destination of maintenance and enabling access limit according to the attribute of a service person, access limit according to the device state, and output limit according to the output mode. The industrial device 123 installed at the factory 120 and the operation device 113 installed in the maintenance center 110 are connected via the network 100.
Abstract: A wobble detection circuit detects a signal by a common photodetector (light receiving) element from several kinds of media having different pre-formats. Further, the wobble detection circuit changes a gain for amplifying the signal in a wobble signal detection process depending on the pre-format of a reproducing or recording medium to obtain a wobble signal.
Abstract: A recording medium with a data format is provided. The data format includes frames and an ECC block. Each of the frames includes a plurality of n-level data, n being an integer satisfying n?3, a clock mark that is n-level data for sampling the n-level data, and a frame sync that is n-level data for indicating a break point of the n-level data of a predetermined amount. The ECC block is a data block for error correction using a product code. The ECC block is formed by binary data of J×K words, where J is a natural number indicating the number of valid binary data in each frame, and K is a natural number indicating the number of frames when the n-level data are converted into binary data.
Abstract: A method of fabricating a formed object, comprising the steps of printing a desired high quality photo or near photo like image on a forming material at a resolution substantially equal to the resolution of an original digital image used to form the high quality image, and forming the formed object by a forming process in which the temperature and pressure across the object are varied.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 29, 2003
Date of Patent:
May 16, 2006
Inventors:
Mary Louise Parker, Anthony Paolino, Bud Damiano, Tracy Wolf
Abstract: A gateway system prevent an occurrence of a call loss and an inaccessibility of the SG and can effectively utilize communication lines, even if a fault occurs on the MGC side. In the gateway system, a PC is supplied to an SG connected to a plurality of MGCs, and an occurrence of a call loss and an inaccessibility of the SC can be prevented by incorporating to the SG a function that requires line close operation for an opposed node of the SCN when a fault occurs on the MGC which is structured to have no PC.
Abstract: There is presented a structure in which outlines of a metal interconnection 111 that is laid in an interlayer insulating film are covered with a barrier metal film 110. As the material for the barrier metal film 110, TaN or the like is utilized.
Abstract: A loop shape of a receiving antenna corresponding to at least one magnetic flux passing region of the receiving antenna is modified to provide such that totals of an amount of magnetic fluxes in a positive phase and an amount of magnetic fluxes in an inverse phase produced at respective magnetic flux passing regions of the receiving antenna in correspondence with the respective loops of three or more loops of a transmitting antenna are canceled by each other.