Abstract: Because a sample holder 100 is composed of a plurality of convex parts 1 provided on a top face of a base substance 2, and the plurality of convex parts 1 are spherical surfaces 1a formed of a single crystal or amorphous material, frictional wear of the sample at contact parts between a sample 4 and the convex parts 1 is reduced, thereby making it possible to inhibit particle generation. Further, because a joining layer 3 is formed of a single crystal or amorphous material, there is no defect that particles scattered on the sample holder 100 fill up it, which makes it possible to easily keep it in a clean state by cleaning, and it is possible to effectively reduce reattachment of particles to the sample 4.

Abstract: According to one of the invention, a circuit board comprises a conductive layer. The conductive layer includes a first land portion, a second land portion apart from the first land portion in a plan view, and a line portion connecting the first land portion and the second land portion to each other. The line portion includes lead portions through which a current is to flow and an opening portion arranged between the lead portions. The opening portion penetrates the conductive layer in a thickness direction.

Abstract: A restraining strap securement system for a trailer includes a load-restraining strap with a flat hook that connects to the trailer side rail. The trailer side rail extends along the sides of the trailer and comprises a bottom wall with an opening for receiving the flat hook. A keeper slides upon a rail affixed to the bottom wall and the keeper may be positioned to extend beneath the flat hook and prevent the flat hook from falling from the opening while the strap is being tightened. The keeper may comprise a hook that can be used to secure tarps or ropes over the trailer load.