Abstract: A continuous process for producing granular calcium hypochlorite particles comprises admixing lime and an aqueous liquid in a mixing zone to form a lime slurry. The lime slurry is fed into a crystallizing zone along with a calcium hypochlorite-containing liquid to produce a slurry of coarse dibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals and to elutriate a fines slurry from the crystallizing zone. The coarse dibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals are separated from a dibasic hypochlorite mother liquor and fed to a chlorinating zone. Reaction of the coarse dibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals with a chlorinating agent is conducted to produce a slurry of hemibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals. The slurry is fed to a separator to separate a hemibasic hypochlorite mother liquor from the hemibasic calcium hypochlorite crystals.

Abstract: Hydrogenation processes utilizing improved Raney nickel alloy catalysts are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a monolithic mesh type structure of a nickel alloy having an integral Beta phase Raney Ni.sub.x M.sub.1-x coating on its outer surfaces, where M is a catalytic activator selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, ruthenium, tantalum and titanium and where x, the weight fraction of nickel in the combined alloy, is between about 0.80 and about 0.95. The catalyst is effective in processes for hydrogenating an amine-substituted aromatic compound of the type ##STR1## wherein K is either benzene or naphthalene, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic chain containing from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical, R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, an amine group or an aliphatic chain containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an amine group, and R.sub.4 is an amine group.

Abstract: A method of making a wire reference electrode in an electrolytic cell is provided wherein the wire reference electrode comprises a lead-in wire portion, a reference wire portion, a sealing material to seal the junction of the lead-in and wire reference portions, and a heat shrinkable insulating material which is heated for a predetermined period of time to collapse the heat shrinkable insulating material about the sealing material.

Abstract: A composite fiber reinforced plastic frame is provided wherein a core material at least partially formed from the continuous wrapping of roved layers of glass fiber impregnated with a catalyzed thermosetting resin within a corrosion resistant liner and the frame is reinforced at the corners.

Abstract: A wire reference electrode and a method of employing the wire reference in an electrolytic cell is provided wherein the wire reference electrode comprises a lead-in wire portion, a reference wire portion, a sealing material to seal the junction of the lead-in and wire reference portions, and a heat shrinkable insulating material.

Abstract: Water sanitizing compositions are disclosed which are comprised of a mixture of trichloroisocyanuric acid and an alkaline earth metal solubility promoting additive selected from the group consisting of the bicarbonate, carbonate, hydroxide, oxide and mixtures thereof of said alkaline earth metal. The compositions have a molar ratio of said additive to trichloroisocyanuric acid of from about 0.3:1 to about 3:1 and a moisture content of less than about 0.2 percent by weight of the compositions.The novel compositions rapidly dissolve in water bodies such as those found in swimming pools, commodes, automatic dishwashers and the like to quickly provide a sanitizing amount of available chlorine for sanitizing the water.

Abstract: In a downhill snow ski there are provided reinforcement rib members which are positioned generally perpendicularly to the top surface and the bottom running surface of the ski and are formed from a material of relatively high modulus with respect to the modulus of the core material to impart an increased rate of return and a controllably designed natural frequency to the ski.

Abstract: A methanation reactor utilizing an improved catalyst for the conversion of CO, CO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof to CH.sub.4 is disclosed. The catalyst comprises a monolithic mesh type structure of a nickel alloy having an integral Beta phase Raney coating on its outer surfaces. When used, substantially higher reactant flow rates and lower operating temperatures are possible as compared to conventional fluidized bed granular catalysts.

Abstract: A process for drying wet particles of an available halogen compound which comprises:a. forming a substantially vertical circulating bed of dried particles of said available halogen compound suspended in a heated gas in a circular annular zone, said zone having an exterior perimeter and an interior perimeter and having contiguous sections comprised of a top, a feed side, a bottom and a dryer side,b. feeding wet particles of said available halogen compound into said circulating bed from the exterior perimeter of said feed side,c. feeding additional heated gas tangentially into said zone from the exterior perimeter of said bottom, the velocity of said heated gas being sufficient to maintain said circulating bed in said zone,d. withdrawing a product portion from said circulating bed from the interior perimeter of said feed side, downstream from said top, ande. recovering said dried particles of available halogen compound from said product portion.

Abstract: An improved process for the electrolysis of an aqueous electrolyte in an electrolytic membrane cell is provided. The membrane cell is comprised of an anode compartment having at least one anode and containing the aqueous electrolyte and a cathode compartment containing at least one cathode and a concentrated catholyte liquor. A vertically positioned cation exchange membrane separates the anode compartment from the cathode compartment. The process improvement comprises exposing a substantial portion of the cathode to a gaseous atmosphere, this substantial portion of the cathode is not immersed in the concentrated catholyte liquor produced. The concentrated aqueous catholyte liquor is removed from the cathode compartment to prevent a substantial accumulation of catholyte liquor in the cathode compartment.

Abstract: A process for producing calcium hypochlorite comprises wetting lime with an aqueous slurry of fine basic calcium hypochlorite crystals in a mixing zone to form an aqueous lime slurry. The aqueous lime slurry is reacted with a calcium hypochlorite solution in a crystallizing zone to produce a slurry of basic calcium hypochlorite crystals. The slurry of basic calcium hypochlorite crystals is separated in a first separation means into a slurry of fine basic calcium hypochlorite crystals and a slurry of coarse basic calcium hypochlorite crystals. The slurry of fine basic calcium hypochlorite crystals is returned to said mixing zone. The slurry of coarse basic calcium hypochlorite is conveyed to a second separation means to separate coarse crystals of basic calcium hypochlorite from a calcium hypochlorite mother liquor. Coarse crystals of basic calcium hypochlorite are admixed with lime and an alkali metal hypochlorite in a third mixing zone to form a mixed alkali slurry.

Abstract: A process for the production of m-fluoroacetophenone comprises reacting m-aminoacetophenone with a diazotization agent in the presence of hydrogen fluoride. The diazonium fluoride compound produced is decomposed by heating to produce highly pure m-fluoroacetophenone in good yields.

Abstract: An automated electrolytic membrane test cell apparatus adaptable for the purpose of accurately measuring cationic transport and water transport numbers for membranes used in chlor-alkali cells under operating conditions similar to those used in such cells is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a test cell, said test cell being adapted to hold a permselective membrane sealingly supported therein so as to create separate anode and cathode compartments, each of said compartments having a suitable electrode, and heating electrolyte inlet and outlet means attached thereto. The apparatus further comprises means to select one of a plurality of anolyte and catholyte test solutions and control means adapted to control the electrolysis, circulation and heating of said solutions and the generation of all test samples needed to perform the measurements necessary to calculate said transport numbers.

Abstract: The composition of and method for preparing a novel catalyst is disclosed for use in the hydrogenolysis of methyl glycol formals. The novel catalyst is prepared by impregnating a porous alumina substrate with a solution of compounds of nickel and ruthenium, and evaporating and reducing the resulting slurry to provide a substrate impregnated with a catalytic surface composition comprised of a mixture of metallic nickel and metallic ruthenium. When this catalyst is used as the catalyst in the hydrogenolysis of methyl glycol formals, improved reaction rates in the formation of the desired glycol dimethyl ether are obtained.

Abstract: A process for removing chlorate ions from a recirculating anolyte brine as typically used in membrane chlor-alkali cells is disclosed. In this, a portion of the circulating brine after dechlorination and resaturation with additional alkali metal chloride is diverted and treated with a stoichiometric amount of hydrochloric acid to convert substantially all of the chlorate to chlorine gas and chloride ion. When performed in this manner, substantially lower quantities of acid are required as compared to prior art processes and the problems with the generation of ClO.sub.2 are minimized.

Abstract: In an industrial lift truck there is provided a safety shield that is detachably mountable to the lift assembly of the lift truck and is interpositioned between the operator's compartment and the material to be handled to protect the operator from any spillage, combustion or explosion of the materials during transport.

Abstract: In a rotary drum spray grainer there are provided adjustable spraying nozzles in the spraying zone to achieve optimum spray pattern dispersion on the spray grained particles as the particles fall through the spraying zone.

Abstract: In a rotary drum spray grainer there is provided a deflector plate overlying the spraying nozzles in the spraying zone to provide a drying zone where spray grained particles fall in a substantially uninterrupted downward path through the drying gas.

Abstract: A process for the production of chlorine dioxide comprises feeding an inert gas to a reaction zone and applying an electrical discharge to the inert gas to produce a high temperature plasma. Chlorine gas and oxygen gas are supplied simultaneously to the reaction zone and reacted in the plasma to produce a gaseous mixture comprised of chlorine dioxide, chlorine, oxygen and inert gas, the molar ratio of oxygen to chlorine in the reaction zone being at least about 2.5:1. The gaseous mixture is recovered from the reaction zone. Chlorine dioxide, which may be recovered as a gas or reacted to produce an alkali metal chlorite, is employed as a bleaching agent and a water treatment agent.

Abstract: Water sanitizing compositions are disclosed which are comprised of a mixture of trichloroisocyanuric acid and an alkaline earth metal solubility promoting additive selected from the group consisting of the bicarbonate, carbonate, hydroxide, oxide and mixtures thereof of said alkaline earth metal. The compositions have a molar ratio of said additive to trichloroisocyanuric acid of from about 0.3:1 to about 3:1 and a moisture content of less than about 0.2 percent by weight of the compositions.The novel compositions rapidly dissolve in water bodies such as those found in swimming pools, commodes, automatic dishwashers and the like to quickly provide a sanitizing amount of available chlorine for sanitizing the water.