Abstract: Method and system for collecting fume and/or waste particulate matter generated in a process used to surface treat, cut, gouge or join a workpiece by means of elevated temperature (e.g. electric arc).The system includes means to collect and quench the effluent (slag and/or fume) in a cooled nozzle coupled with means to separate solid particles and cooling fluid, in the case of a working environment including air and return cleansed air to the ambient environment.

Abstract: Certain hydrogen phosphate and pyrophosphate compositions are employed as catalysts for organic condensation reactions. Specifically, a diethylene glycolamine compound is converted to a morpholine compound in the presence of such a catalyst.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a process for preparing mononuclear aromatic amines by reacting an alkali metal amide with a mononuclear aromatic compound, e.g., benzene and toluene. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a metallic hydrogenation catalyst, suitably copper, nickel, rhodium or cobalt, the metal being present in an amount sufficient for catalyzing the reaction. The amine then is formed by adding a protonating agent to the resulting reaction product formed by the reaction of the alkali metal amide with the aromatic compound. The addition of the protonating agent liberates the amine.

Abstract: A freezer for individually quick freezing foodstuffs such as shrimps, diced chicken and peas, comprises a cooling tunnel (2) for precooling the foodstuff, and a freezing tunnel (3) for freezing the precooled foodstuff. The precooled foodstuff enters the freezing tunnel (3) through a hopper (12) and falls into a bath of liquid nitrogen. A rotating ribbon auger (20) lifts the foodstuff out of the liquid nitrogen and carries it through an equalization section where it remains in contact with cold nitrogen vapor. The frozen foodstuff leaves the freezing tunnel (3) through outlet (14). The ribbon auger (20) is designed to remove the foodstuff rapidly out of the liquid nitrogen and carry it slowly through the remainder of the freezing tunnel (3)--the equalization section.

Abstract: A method is provided for denitrifying the aqueous spent acid of mononitration. The nitric acid in the aqueous spent acid is recovered by adiabatically reacting greater than a stoichiometric amount of a mononitroaromatic hydrocarbon with the aqueous spent acid which has been fortified to a nitric acid concentration of at least about 2 wt %. The denitrification method is useful in treating the aqueous spent acid phase from the mononitration stage of a dinitrotoluene process.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for cooling, condensing and subcooling a substantially single component gas stream by passing the gas stream through a heat exchange relationship with a vaporizing multicomponent stream so that carry-up of the condensed liquid phase is maintained without condensed phase backmixing and pot-boiling of the coolant stream is avoided. The single component gas stream is passed through a cold-end up heat exchanger having a serpentine pathway for the gas stream comprising a series of horizontal passes separated by horizontal dividers and alternatingly connected by turnaround passes at each end. The method is particularly applicable to the condensing of a recycle methane stream in a nitrogen rejection process which uses a methane heat pump cycle to provide refrigeration.

Abstract: A method is described for burning pulverized high ash coal in a furnace firebox and reducing ash fines which comprises(a) injecting a primary airstream containing a pulverized coal which is at least 7 wt % ash and a secondary airstream into the flame zone of a furnace firebox and combusting the coal to yield a flame of combustion, and(b) injecting a sufficient amount of oxygen into the flame zone via the secondary airstream such that the oxygen concentration of the combined primary and secondary airstreams is between 21 to about 28 vol %.In a preferred embodiment, the oxygen enrichment addition is proportioned between the primary and the secondary air streams.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for collecting molten metal and/or slag together with fume generated by the air carbon-arc cutting and gouging process. The method and apparatus are characterized in that a refrigerated surface is used to intercept and cool the molten particles to prevent adherence of the particles to the collector or agglomeration of the particles inside the collector.

Abstract: Hydrogen is recovered from a feed comprising methane, ethylene, hydrogen and acetylene by first cooling the feed and then scrubbing the cooled feed with a scrubbing liquid selected from the group consisting of liquid ethylene, liquid propane, liquid ethane and mixtures thereof to remove substantially all the acetylene. The scrubbed gas is then further cooled to condense the methane and ethylene leaving gaseous hydrogen as product.

Abstract: A control system for air-carbon arc metal removal in which the arc is automatically controlled and in which the arc power is produced by either a constant potential or constant current power source. For a constant potential source, the arc current is maintained at a predetermined value by sensing the magnitude of the arc current and for a constant current source the arc voltage is maintained at a predetermined value by sensing the magnitude of the arc voltage. The presence of an arc current above a threshold is sensed for a predetermined interval to provide relative motion between the workpiece carriage and the electrode. If the electrode arc current drops below a predetermined threshold, a low current sensing circuit is actuated. If the arc current remains below the threshold for a predetermined time interval, the carriage travel is terminated. If the arc current remains below the threshold for longer than a predetermined amount of time, the electrode power is turned off.

Abstract: Wastewater containing phosphorus values and BOD is initially admixed with recycled sludge containing activated biomass under anaerobic conditions, then contacted with oxygen-containing gas, followed by separation of a dense sludge layer from the mixed liquor. A portion of the sludge layer, containing the activated biomass, is held under non-aeration conditions for sufficient time to reduce any nitrates and/or nitrites contained therein, before admixture of the recycled sludge with the wastewater influent.

Abstract: The treatment of wastewater with activated biomass to remove BOD and phosphorus values in a system in which the wastewater influent is initially mixed with recycled active biomass in an anaerobic zone and then subjected to aeration in an oxic zone, wherein the residence time of the mixed liquor in the oxic zone is reduced. At least part of the biomass-containing sludge separated from the mixed liquor subjected to further oxidation in a separate zone before admixture with the wastewater influent.

Abstract: The addition of a small amount of a halogen compound, e.g. chloroethyl phosphate, in a process producing elastomeric polyurethane RIM parts using tertiary amines as the chief catalyst component results in scavenging the residual amines after the part has been cured by annealing. The parts from such a process can be coated with a wide variety of enamels having a high solids content and completely cured to result in a higher degree of adhesive between the coating and the part's surface than those parts from a process without the use of such a halogen.

Abstract: A process is described for the liquefaction of coal in a hydrogen donor solvent in the presence of hydrogen and a co-catalyst combination of iron and a Group VI or Group VIII non-ferrous metal or compounds of the catalysts.

Abstract: An apparatus for condensing cryogen (e.g., helium) boil-off in a confined space such as the neck tube of a helium cryostat comprising a Joule-Thompson heat exchanger and valve disposed around a displacer-expander cryogenic refrigerator so the thermal gradient in the heat exchanger matches that of the refrigerator.

Abstract: The invention relates to cryogenically cooling and impacting thermoplastic coated fabric to liberate the thermoplastic from the fabric and screening the resulting thermoplastic fabric mixture in a multi-deck vibratory screener into a coarse fabric segment, a thermoplastic fines segment and a third segment. The third segment is separated into a fabric fines segment and a coarse thermoplastic segment in, for example, an air classifier. The recovered thermoplastic coarse and fines segments can be reused in all applications for regrind thermoplastic material.

Abstract: Hydrolysis of COS in gas streams to H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 can be improved by the addition of certain bicyclo amine catalysts to acid gas removal solvents.

Abstract: Dinitrotoluene, which is produced by mixed acid nitration of toluene, is purified in a way which produces a product suitable for conversion to toluene diamine and a less environmentally objectionable by-product stream. The process involves contacting a crude dinitrotoluene stream containing by-product nitrophenolic materials with an alkaline material and monitoring the pH such that dinitroorthocresol by-product is maintained in the organic phase while the trinitroorthocresol by-products are converted to water-soluble materials and removed with an aqueous phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to faujasite-containing compositions in which the original hydrogen or monovalent forms are ion exchanged to their polyvalent form and then thermally activated to promote dehydration and dehydroxylation of the faujasite while maintaining substantially the same zeolite content. The resulting compositions containing faujasites substantially in their dehydrated/dehydroxylated state have been found to have surprisingly high selectivities and capacities for the separation of air into nitrogen and oxygen.