Abstract: Metal castings having reduced residual carbon ash and surface flaws are produced by an evaporative pattern casting process, in which an organic foam pattern is vaporized upon contact with a molten metal leaving a metal replica of the pattern. The organic foam used in this process comprises a polymer formed by polymerizing CO.sub.2 with one or more oxirane compounds.

Abstract: A process and system are set forth for improving the recovery of sulfur from an oxygen-enriched Claus process by introducing a liquid sulfur stream into the reaction furnace zone to moderate oxygen-induced high temperatures which allow oxygen-enrichment and attendant throughput in the Claus process to higher levels than heretobefore practiced and alternatively to quench the reaction furnace effluent to maintain a hydrogen sulfide dioxide ratio of 2:1.

Abstract: A process for the solvent refining of coal to distillable, pentane soluble products using a dephenolated and denitrogenated recycle solvent and a recycled, pentane-insoluble, solvent-refined coal material, which process provides enhanced oil-make in the conversion of coal.

Abstract: Operation of processes for removal of adherent coatings from articles by cryogenic embrittlement of the coatings and blasting of the embrittled coatings with impact media impelled by one or more rotating throwing wheels in a closed treating chamber are disclosed, wherein the chamber is initially cooled down progressively to a supercold preset temperature level considerably below that required for embrittlement of the coatings. In a preferred batch operation the throwing wheel or wheels are rotated in the absence of media fed thereto during an initial stage of the operating cycle. The supercold preset temperature level is controllably maintained for a prefixed time period for prechilling the coated articles. At the end of said prechilling preset time period the blasting of the coated articles is initiated.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for increasing the capacity of a gas phase synthesis loop for the production of methanol from a syngas feed. The syngas feed is initially passed to a liquid phase methanol reactor to convert a portion of the syngas to methanol or methanol and higher aliphatic alcohols. The mixture is subsequently cooled to condense and recover the methanol and/or higher alcohols. The unreacted syngas is passed to a gas phase synthesis loop for further conversion and recovery of methanol.

Abstract: The flowability of stored triethylenediamine is improved by admixing with a flow promoting amount of a C.sub.5 -C.sub.28 acetylenic alcohol. Especially suitable as a flow promoting additive for triethylenediamine is a mixture of 3,6-dimethyl-1-heptyne-3-ol and 3,5,8,10-tetramethyl-6-dodecyn-5,8-diol.

Abstract: An improved process for catalytic solvent refining or hydroliquefaction of non-anthracitic coal at elevated temperatures under hydrogen pressure in a solvent comprises using as catalyst a mixture of a 1,2- or 1,4-quinone and an alkaline compound, selected from ammonium, alkali metal, and alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides or salts of weak acids.

Abstract: A Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising iron co-deposited with or deposited on particles comprising a mixture of zirconia and titania, preferably formed by co-precipitation of compounds convertible to zirconia and titania, such as zirconium and titanium alkoxide. The invention also comprises the method of making this catalyst and an improved Fischer-Tropsch reaction process in which the catalyst is utilized.

Abstract: Nitrous oxide additions to the furnace atmosphere during firing of thick film electrical components minimizes soot deposition from vaporization of vehicle contained in the film paste.

Abstract: A method of interference-fitting either a male or female resilient member to its corresponding female or male member using a hollow mandrel cooled to preferably cryogenic temperatures which freezes a compressed resilient member to at least its glass-transition temperature. The method enables one to combine the two members before the resilient member warms to a temperature above its glass-transition temperature. The method and apparatus have found usefulness in the assembly of elastomeric high voltage electrical insulators.

Abstract: A Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) catalyst, a method of making the catalyst and an F-T process utilizing the catalyst by which synthesis gas, particularly carbon-monoxide rich synthesis gas is selectively converted to higher hydrocarbons of relatively narrow carbon number range. In general, the selective and notably stable catalyst, consists of an inert carrier first treated with a Group IV B metal compound (such as zirconium or titanium), preferably an alkoxide compound, and subsequently treated with an organic compound of an F-T metal catalyst, such as cobalt, iron or ruthenium carbonyl. Reactions with air and water and calcination are specifically avoided in the catalyst preparation procedure.

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol copolymer comprising the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;n is a number from 1-1,000;x is 50-99.9 mole %;y is 0-50 mole %; and z is 0.001-50 mole %.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing linear polyethylene polyamines. In the process ammonia or an ethylene polyamine is reacted with 2-aminoethyl sulfuric acid to form a higher polyethylene polyamine salt. This salt is subsequently neutralized with a base liberating the free polyethylene polyamine. This product can be recovered from the reaction mixture by filtration and the product polyethylene polyamine purified by distillation.

Abstract: A cryogenic distillative separation of air to recover nitrogen in large quantities and at relatively high pressure wherein a portion of the nitrogen reflux for the distillation is achieved by heat exchanging nitrogen gas in a side reboiler against waste oxygen at reduced pressure.

Abstract: A process for the integration of a chemical absorption separation of oxygen and nitrogen from air with a combustion process is set forth wherein excess temperature availability from the combustion process is more effectively utilized to desorb oxygen product from the absorbent and then the sensible heat and absorption reaction heat is further utilized to produce a high temperature process stream. The oxygen may be utilized to enrich the combustion process wherein the high temperature heat for desorption is conducted in a heat exchange preferably performed with a pressure differential of less than 10 atmospheres which provides considerable flexibility in the heat exchange.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an improved process for preparing noncyclic polyalkylene polyamine compounds in high selectivity by reacting ammonia, an alkanolamine and an alkylene amine in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The improvement resides in effecting the reaction under fixed bed catalytic conditions and maintaining the reaction conditions such that a vapor phase condition exists for the reaction mixture comprising both reactants and products. To accomplish the formation of vapor phase conditions, sufficient ammonia is injected into the feedstream along with alkanolamine and alkylene amine so that the dew point temperature of the reaction product mix is below the reaction temperature at reaction pressure.

Abstract: Improved catalysts for catalytic solvent refining or hydroliquefaction of non-anthracitic coal at elevated temperatures under hydrogen pressure in a hydrogen donor solvent comprise a combination of zinc or copper, or a compound thereof, and a Group VI or non-ferrous Group VIII metal, or a compound thereof.

Abstract: An improved process for thermal solvent refining or hydroliquefaction of non-anthracitic coal at elevated temperatures under hydrogen pressure in a hydrogen donor solvent comprises pretreating the coal with a binary mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic alcohol at a temperature below 300.degree. C. before the hydroliquefaction step. This treatment generally increases both conversion of coal and yields of oil.

Abstract: A process for separating a gas from a mixture of gases comprises passing the gas mixture over a membrane, selectively permeable by the gas being separated, owing to the occurrence of one or more reversible oxidation-reduction reactions between a continuous layer of active molten material, immobilized in a rigid, porous, inert support therefor, and the gas being separated.

Abstract: A method of oxygen recycle on the bottom section of the low-pressure column of a dual-pressure column, with an increase in the bottom section reboil vapor rate, allows an appreciable increase in the production rate of ultra high purity oxygen and a substantial decrease in power required as compared to conventional processes.