Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one anther are hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkoxy; R.sub.3 is hydrogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted by halogen, hydroxy or by cyano; cyclopropyl; or cyclopropyl mono- to tri-substituted by methyl and/or by halogen; and R.sub.4 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl mono- to tri-substituted by methyl and/or by halogen, have valuable microbicidal and insecticidal properties. The novel active ingredients can be used in plant protection for preventing an attack on cultivated plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms or by harmful insects, and for controlling these pests.

Abstract: Liquid detergents containing, as the fluorescent whitener, 2,2'-dichloro-5,5'-disulfodistyrylbiphenyl, process for the preparation and use of the liquid detergent for washing and pre-treating textile fabrics; these are liquid detergents which are stable on storage, do not sediment, are stable to bleaching systems and do not form spots in the course of pre-treatment.

Abstract: Novel reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which Z is a radical of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, which can be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, hydroxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, HO--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O).sub.2-4 --, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-carbonyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkanoyloxy, carboxyl, cyano, chlorine, sulfo or sulfato, n is the number 0, 1 or 2 and m is the number 1 or 2, (Q.sub.1).sub.m is 1 or 2 substituents Q.sub.1 independent of one another from the group comprising C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, acetylamino and carboxyl, (Q.sub.2).sub.n is 0 to 2 substituents Q.sub.2 and (Q.sub.2).sub.m is 1 or 2 substituents Q.sub.2 independent of one another from the group comprising C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Process for improving the color yield and the wet fastness properties of dyeings or prints produced with anionic dyes on cellulose fibre material, in which the fibre material is treated before dyeing or during a dyeing with a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula ##STR1## in which R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, X is the group ##STR2## Hal is a halogen atom and Q.sup..crclbar. is the anion of an aromatic sulfonic acid or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkylsulfate ion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the end-to-end dyeing of cellulosic fibres or cellulosic fibre blends with direct dyes by the pad dyeing process, which comprises padding said fibre materials with an aqueous liquor containing one or more deionized dyes and a migration inhibitor, then expressing the padded goods and subsequently fixing the dye thereon.The process of the invention is suitable for dyeing textile cellulosic fibres or cellulosic fibre blends end-to-end in shades of good allround fastness properties.

Abstract: Distyrylbiphenyl compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.3, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are halogen, hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or cyano, and M.sup..sym. is a salt-forming cation, are used as fluorescent whitening agents in solid and, preferably, liquid, detergent compositions. They are distinguished by good white effects and insignificant spotting behavior.

Abstract: Mixtures of salts of organic dicarboxylic acids and organic compounds of non-salt character, dissolved in a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol, can be concentrated or separated with a semipermeable membrane made from a copolyimide which contains a first aromatic diamine radical (1) and a second aromatic diamine radical (2) which carries --SO.sub.3 M groups, wherein M is H.sym., a mono- to trivalent metal cation or an ammonium cation. The first amine radical (1) and/or the second diamine radical (2) contains C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups in both o-positions to at least one amino group. These copolyamides are also radiation-sensitive (self-crosslinking) and can be used for the production of protective layers or relief images, development being carried out in an aqueous alkaline medium.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing non-skittery and level dyeings on wool with reactive dyes in the presence of an auxiliary combination, which process comprises dyeing wool with an aqueous liquor consisting of at least one reactive dye and an auxiliary combination comprising, as component (a), at least one compound of formula ##STR1## and, as component (b), at least one compound of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other an aliphatic radical of 12 to 24 carbon atoms,Q and Q' are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH.sub.2, ##STR3## A.sup..crclbar. and A'.sup..crclbar. are an anion, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 are each independently of one another hydrogen, SO.sub.3 M or PO.sub.3 M,wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium, t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 are 1 or 0, when t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 are O, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 are hydrogen or one of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.

Abstract: Heteroatom containing perfluoroalkyl terminated neopentyl mercapto-alcohols of the formulas I and IIHS--[CH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 X--E--R.sub.f).sub.2 CH.sub.2 ]--OH (I)HS--[CH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 X.sub.1 --R.sub.f).sub.2 CH.sub.2 ]--OH (II)are prepared from the corresponding perfluorinated neopentyl oxetans where R.sub.f is a straight or branched chain perfluoroalkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms or said perfluoroalkyl substituted by perfluoroalkoxy of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, E is a linking group, and X and X.sub.1 are heteroatom moieties.The reaction products of these fluorinated mercapto-alcohols with electrophiles are disclosed as are certain functional derivatives. Compositions containing such materials provide improved thermal stability and useful low surface energy oil and water repellent coatings for textiles, glass, paper, leather, and other materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stable, dust-free commercial form comprising at least one water-soluble monoreactive dye which comprises a monofluoro-s-triazine reactive radical, and/or at least one water-soluble polyreactive dye in a polyvinyl alcohol envelope.The dyeings obtained with the stable, dust-free commercial form are distinguished by good general fastness properties.

Abstract: Process for the storage of information in an organic recording layer which, as the result of local treatment of its surface with an organic solvent in accordance with the shape of the information to be marked can alter its absorption spectrum and/or its photoconductivity in such a way that information is produced and stored respectively at the treated areas of this layer. The information thus stored can be read off visually, by means of a micro-reader or by means of an incorporated electrode system.

Abstract: Concentrated dye solutions of dyes of the formula (1) shown in claim are described.The dye solutions are distinguished by a good storage stability and are suitable, in particular, for dyeing paper.

Abstract: Chromogenic phthalides of formula ##STR1## wherein X, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkyl,Y.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or not more than 12 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, hydroxyl, cyano or lower alkoxy, or is acyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, benzyl or benzyl which is substituted by halogen, cyano, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy,Y.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or phenyl, andthe benzene rings A and B are each independently of the other unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, nitro, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, lower alkoxycarbonyl, amino, mono-lower alkylamino, di-lower alkylamino or lower alkanoylamino.These phthalides are particularly suitable for use as color formers in pressure-sensitive or heat-sensitive recording materials and give intense blue or violet blue colored images.

Abstract: Ethyl 2-[4-(3-chlorophenoxy)phenoxy]ethylcarbamate is suitable controlling phytophagous cicadas in rice crops and fruit pests such as leaf rollers, citrus fruit pests such as scale insects, and vegetable and cotton pests such as white flies and noctuids.

Abstract: Novel reactive dyes of formula ##STR1## wherein Z is a radical of formula ##STR2## and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, (R.sub.4).sub.2-3, (R.sub.5).sub.1-3, R.sub.7 and (R.sub.8).sub.1-3 are as defined in claim 1, give intense red dyeings and prints of good fastness properties on cellulosic fibres.

Abstract: A microbicidal composition contains as active ingredient 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## R is an organic radical with up to 40 carbon atoms, which optionally contains nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms and which can be transformed by hydrolosis or oxydation into the directly to the thiazol ring bound carboxyl rest.These compounds have good microbicidal activity and are used for the control and prevention of infestation of plants by phytophathogenic microorganismes.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is halogen;X is oxygen; or sulfur;Y is oxygen; or sulfur;A is a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene chain;Q is hydroxy; halogen; cyano; unsubstituted or cyano- or halo-substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl; C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkynyl; --CR.sub.2 .dbd.CH--COOR.sub.3 ; --CH[N(R.sub.2).sub.2 ]COOR.sub.2 ; --NR.sub.4 (R.sub.5); --CO--NR.sub.6 R.sub.7 ; --COON.dbd.CR.sub.8 (R.sub.8); --C(R.sub.2)(OR.sub.9).sub.2 ; --Si(R.sub.10).sub.3 ; --COOCH.sub.2 Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; ##STR2## --CON(R.sub.12)SO.sub.2 --C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl; --CON(R.sub.12)SO.sub.2 --C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylcarbonyl; C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkoxyalkylcarbonyl; benzoyl; benzylcarbonyl; --COOR.sub.16 ; --CO--N(R.sub.2)CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH(O--C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl).sub.2 ; --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.j N(R.sub.2).sub.2 ; --S(O).sub.k --R.sub.14 ; --S(O).sub.k --A'--COOR.sub.

Abstract: There are disclosed quaternary ammonium salts which are obtainable by reacting basic carbamides containing a quaternizable nitrogen atom with epihalohydrins.These quaternary ammonium salts are particularly suitable for enhancing the color yield and the wet fastness properties of dyeings or printings produced on cellulosic fibre materials with anionic dye, e.g. reactive or direct dyes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dye mixture containing a dye of the formula ##STR1## and a dye of the formula ##STR2## where R is cyclohexyl or phenyl, which may each be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, acetylamino, N-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylacetylamino, benzoylamino, ureido or by phenylsulfonylamino or phenylsulfonyloxy which may be substituted in the phenyl ring by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl.Said dye mixture is suitable for dyeing and printing natural or synthetic polyamide materials, in particular in combination with other dyes and in particular from short liquors. The mixture is notable for generally good properties, in particular good dyeing properties and good solubility.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted N-benzoyl-N'-2,5-dihalo-4-haloalkoxyphenylureas of formula I ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is halogen, with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may not simultaneously be chlorine, R.sub.3 is a mono- or polyhalogenated C.sub.1 -C.sub.7 alkyl group, R.sub.4 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, methoxy or methylthio and R.sub.5 is halogen, methyl, methoxy or methylthio, to processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof, to the use thereof in pest control and to compositions containing, as active ingredient, at least one compound of formula I. The preferred area of application of said novel compounds is the control of pests of animals and plants.