Abstract: Device for positioning of a drill bit (1) at a positioning plane (2). A drill rig (3) is provided with two video cameras (9) for sensing the position of a light source (8) adjacent the drill bit. The video cameras are aligned in parallel. The image fields of the video cameras are displaced such relative to each other that the light source gives two points (20,21) on a monitor (10) common to the two cameras if the light source is situated outside the positioning plane and one point (11) if the light source is situated in the positioning plane.

Abstract: Rock working tool for a tunnel boring machine. The tool comprises a shaft (34) with a central hole (35). A tool part (8,9) is rotatably journalled on the shaft. The tool is cooled through the arrangement of channels (40,41,42) in the tool for conducting cooling liquid from a pressure liquid source (22) to the central hole and via the channel (42) which flushes directly on the tool part (8,9).

Abstract: An eccentric drilling tool comprises a guide member (10) rotatably centered by the mouth of a casing tube (11) that follows the tool downhole during drilling. A pilot bit (23) on the guide member (10) is provided with axially oriented hard metal pilot button inserts (57, 57.sup.I -57.sup.III) peripherally thereon directed to define the diameter of the pilot hole to be cut during drilling. A laterally extending eccentric bit (22) behind said pilot bit (23) has axially oriented hard metal reaming button inserts (48-51) at the eccentric top portion thereof directed to ream up the pilot hole to a maximum diameter. The eccentric bit (22) is movably supported relative to said guide member (10) between a drilling position, in which the eccentric bit (22) projects laterally beyond said casing tube (11) so as to drill jointly with said pilot bit (23) a hole larger than said casing tube (11), and a retracted position, in which the drill bit can be retracted or lowered through the casing tube (11).

Abstract: A portable hammer machine comprises a cylinder (11) in which a reciprocating drive piston (40) via a gas cushion in a working chamber (44) repeatedly drives a hammer piston (15) to impact on and to return from a tool (20) carried by the machine as soon as a feeding force is applied via the machine housing (10) to the tool (20) under compression of a spring (23) interposed therebetween. The cylinder (11) is on the one hand provided with primary ports (45) for the passage of gas to and from the working chamber (44), which ports (45) at impacting are opened above the hammer piston (15) to ventilate the working chamber (44), and on the other hand with secondary ports (46) for ventilating the volume (47) below the hammer piston (15) during its reciprocation and impacting. The spring (23) is pre-compressed in the machine housing (10) so as to balance the weight of the hammer machine when the latter is kept standing on the tool (20) with the hammer piston (15) resting against the tool (20).

Abstract: A hammer machine comprises a machine housing (10) with a cylinder (11) in which a reciprocating drive piston (40) via a gas cushion (44) drives a hammer piston (15) to impact on respectively to move away from a tool (20) carried by the housing (10). The movement of the hammer piston (15) away from the tool (20) is supported by underpressure in the gas cushion (44) and rebound. A connecting passage (52) in the drive piston (40), the cylinder (11) or the hammer piston (15) comprises a one-way valve (57) and a throttling means (53) via which the gas cushion (44) is replenished by ambient air for regulating the gas cushion pressure during operation of the drive piston. The one-way valve (57) closes to prevent escape of gas from the gas cushion (44). A damping cylinder (51) in communication with the connecting passage (52) can be provided on one of the pistons (40;15), which, when the piston tend to collide, sealingly cooperates with a damping pistons (50) on the other piston (15;40) so as to prevent collision.

Abstract: Tunnel boring machine comprising a transmission housing (11) which during boring is fixed relative to the tunnel. The boring head (15) is axially displaceable relative to an outgoing shaft (14) of the transmission housing while transferring torque from the outgoing shaft to the boring head. A number of fluid cylinders (16) are arranged between the transmission housing and a bearing housing (19,30) for the boring head in order to press the boring head against a tunnel front.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for conjoint or simultaneous adjustment of the gap spaces of the inner and outer grinding zones of a pulp refiner apparatus in a single step. The inner grinding zone is generally radially oriented, and merges into an outer inclined grinding zone. Pulp stock to be ground is introduced into a central inlet position and is accelerated through the inner and outer grinding zones by centrifugal forces generated by a pair of grinding members which rotate relative to one and other. The opposed surfaces of the relatively rotating members each carry a plurality of concentric rows of teeth, and the gap spacing of the inner grinding zone is defined between adjacent surfaces of the teeth. The adjacent teeth defining the inner grinding zone are arranged so that adjustment of the gap space of the outer grinding zone simultaneously controls the gap spacing of the inner grinding zone without the need for separate adjustment.

Abstract: A flushing device for drilling tools comprises a guide member (10) carrying a drill bit (20) and being rotatably centered by the mouth of a casing tube (11) which is adapted to follow the drilling tool downhole during drilling. The drill bit (20) has a bit portion (22) that projects laterally beyond and is spaced axially in front of the casing tube (11) so as to drill a hole larger than the casing tube (11). There are external flushing grooves (70,71) on the guide member (10) adapted to lead the outflow of flushing medium and debris from the hole during drilling into the casing tube (11). At least one of these grooves (70) extends from front to rear of the guide member (10). One or more further grooves (71) are open towards said rear while ending blindly into the periphery of the guide member (10) spaced from its front. By retraction of the guide member (10) its front enters the casing tube (11).

Abstract: The present invention provides a device to be used in machines which mark workpieces with characters or other symbols and have marking tools for applying the symbols to the workpiece, and elements for selecting the symbols and controlling the movements of the tools to obtain a desired shape and size of the symbols. In the device of the present invention, a lower frame part (1) receives a workpiece (7), and an upper frame part (2) is arranged on the lower frame part. The upper frame is capable of being raised and lowered and supporting the marking tool (43) and the symbol selection and control elements (36-42, 47-52, 69-74) of the machine. During a marking operation, the upper frame part (2) is arranged to rest on the workpiece (7) and clamp it against the lower frame part (1). A marking tool can work on the workpiece through an opening (44) in the upper frame part (2) of the device.

Abstract: A drilling tool is followed by a casing tube (11) down the drilled hole. The mouth of the casing tube (11) centers rotatably a guide member (10) which receives rotation and impact energy via the interior of the casing tube (11). A drill bit (20) consists integrally of an axially protruding pilot portion (23), a sidewise projecting eccentric portion (22) and a rear shaft (21). The shaft (21) extends pivotally and axially movably into an eccentrically disposed bore (24) in the guide member (10). Axially spaced peripheral end grooves (30,32) extend in opposite direction from an axial cam groove (31) on the shaft (21) and are engaged by a follower (28) in the guide member (10) defining positively the axial and angular movability and positions thereof relative to the drill bit (20). In the forward end groove (32) the follower (28) maintains the drill bit (20) axially in drilling position (FIG.

Abstract: Device in impact machines. The device comprises a number of rods (6) provided with projections (51). The rods are journalled in a surrounding set of tubes (7) by means of elastic bushings (52,53) which are provided with grooves (57) through which said projections can be passed.

Abstract: A medical and surgical dressing has an expansion system designed to cover, yet be spaced apart from, a healing wound when the dressing is applied. In its expanded configuration, the dressing is bubble shaped. The dressing includes an adhesive material for adhering to the skin of a patient surrounding the wound, and further includes several layers of material which permit circulation and filtration of air entering the space defined by the expanded bubble. The dressing and expansion system avoid direct contact with the healing wound, yet fully protect the wound from the outside environment.

Abstract: A rotary compressor being provided with a capacity regulation valve (16) at the outlet of the compressor. The valve is movable between a first position (18) in sealing cooperation with an end face (19) of the compressor rotor and a second position (20) creating a leakage path between the outlet opening (15) and the inlet opening (14) of the compressor.

Abstract: Device in impact machines. The device comprises a set of rods comprising a number of rods (6) which are journalled in a surrounding set of tubes (7) by means of elastic bushings (52, 53). One of the bushings is provided with a lip (54) which sealingly rests against the rod (6) when flushing medium is not supplied to the space between the set of rods and the set of tubes but allows passage of flushing medium at drilling.

Abstract: A method for improving the separation properties of semi-permeable membranes having penetrating defects due to the manufacturing process or subsequent handling and membranes accordingly improved. During a certain time one side of the membrane is exposed to a first chemical reaction partner and the other side of the membrane is exposed to a second chemical reaction partner so that in the penetrating membrane defects a chemical reaction will take place in a boundary region between the two reaction partners forming occlusions blocking said defects.

Abstract: A porous support material is selected having a relatively narrow pore size distribution. During a certain time one side of said support material is then exposed to a first chemical reaction partner. The other side of the support material is at the same time exposed to a second chemical reaction partner. In the penetrating pores or channels a chemical reaction takes place in a boundary region between the two reaction partners forming selectively occlusions blocking said pores and channels.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the preparation of what is commonly known as "fast foods" such as french fried potatoes. The method of the present invention pre-cooks food in a non-fat environment such as a microwave oven. Thereafter, the food is transported by a conveyor system through different cooking stations, at least one of which sprays the pre-cooked food with closely monitored quantities and concentrations of heated oil. The sprayed oil may be mixed with water or air and sprayed under pressure at elevated temperatures. In this manner, the prepared food has the appearance, taste and texture as though it were cooked in the traditional way, but is not saturated with oil as it would be if it were immersed in a heated vat. In other aspects of the invention, the conveyor system may provide an oscillating or lateral movement to the food that it is transporting to uniformly distribute the sprayed oil over the surface of the food, and to shake excess oil from the food.

Abstract: The present invention provides a notepad holder for automobiles which may be mounted directly to the windshield of a car for viewing by the driver during operation of the motor vehicle or for making notes during times when the vehicle is momentarily stopped. The notepad holder includes a base which is removably mounted to the inner surface of the windshield of a motor vehicle by at least two separate mounting locations. The base includes a clamp for removably holding a pad or other writing material, and further includes a compartment for holding a pen or other writing implement.

Abstract: A device for working at hard material. The device comprises a container (4) with a sieve (6) where abrasive is sieved under a liquid surface (7). Liquid is supplied to the suction conduit (13) of a low pressure pump (8) for creation of a slurry which is pumped to a pressure vessel (10). This pressure vessel is then pressurized for the feeding of abrasive to a high pressure conduit (2) where the abrasive is mixed with high pressure liquid which is supplied to a nozzle (3) for the creation of a jet stream.

Abstract: Combined hydrostatic/hydrodynamic bearing system for a grinding apparatus in which the material is ground in a grinding space defined between a pair of relatively rotating grinding members and in which at least one of the grinding members is carried by an axially displaceable rotatable shaft. One or more cylindrical pistons are mounted on the rotatable shaft to rotate therewith within a pressure chamber defined within a stationary cylindrical housing permitting the piston or pistons to be displaced axially therein. Fluctuations in axial thrust forces acting on the displaceable rotatable shaft are counteracted by applying a fluid pressure medium to one or both of the piston ends of the cylindrical piston or pistons in a controlled manner so as to maintain a predetermined clearance range of the grinding space.