Abstract: The chloride ion and carbonate ion concentrations of a strongly alkaline solution can be reduced by the process of mixing sodium aluminosilicate into the solution, heating the resulting solution to a temperature of at least 90 degrees Celsius to form a sodalite type product, and filtering the sodalite type product from the solution.

Abstract: An inorganic water-softening bead is disclosed having a density of from 36 to 46 lbs/cu ft consisting of at least 66% of sodium alumino silicate on an anhydrous basis; from 1 to 20% of sodium silicate; from 1 to 20% of a solubilizing agent, such as sodium sulfate; and the remainder being water. The sodium alumino silicate has a silica to aluminum oxide ratio of between 2:1 and 4:1 and a sodium oxide to aluminum oxide ratio of between 0.8:1 and 1:1. The sodium silicate has a silica to sodium oxide ratio of between 1:1 and 3.3:1.

Abstract: The tail gas generated by the carbon black process can be used as a source of fuel for drying carbon black without adversely affecting the product properties of the end product if the dried carbon black is heat treated using a fuel free of sulfur and nitrogen compounds.

Abstract: Zeolite X can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 5:1. Zeolite A can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 3:1. The resulting zeolite X and zeolite A have an average particle size below 2 microns. A combination of zeolite X and zeolite A can be made in the same reaction. Sand can be used as a source of silica in the production of zeolite Y by activating the sand with from 50 to 2000 ppm alumina.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective means of increasing the production rate of a carbon black process. A hydrocarbon fuel is burned in an insufficient amount of air to support complete combustion to produce a hot gas mixture which produces a tail-gas containing carbon black by the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon feedstock. This tail-gas is quenched, the carbon black is removed, and the tail-gas is dried. One or more of the combustible components are removed from the dried tail-gas and from 33 1/3% to 100% of the fuel is replaced with the combustible components so removed.

Abstract: A method for producing a precipitated silicon dioxide having a new combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by acidulating a solution of an alkali metal silicate with an acid under controlled precipitation conditions. The aqueous reaction medium comprising the precipitated silica is then post-conditioned by introducing a second silicate solution into the reaction vessel and thereafter adding additional acid to react with the said second silicate solution. By varying the amount of the silicate employed in the post-conditioning step, a product is obtained which has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties including reduced wet cake moisture content, high surface areas and oil absorptions, improved surface activity, friability, wetting characteristics, and the like. The product has particular utility for use as a rubber reinforcing agent because of its increased surface activity and oil absorption, etc.

Abstract: A method for increasing the bulk density of silica. Acid is added to an aqueous silica wet cake slurry to bring the pH to about 1.8 to 4.0, and dry fine particle silica is added with an agitator rpm of at least 2000 rpm. The acid and silica are alternately added until a homogeneous consistency is obtained with a solids concentration of above 30%.

Abstract: A process for making densified kaolin clay pellets of high bulk density, good handling and bulk flow properties, and low moisture content is disclosed. The process consists essentially of mixing substantially dry kaolin clay with steam to bring the total moisture content of the finely divided kaolin clay to from about 17% to about 26% by weight based on the weight of said dry kaolin clay during mixing in a roller mixer, followed by screening, and subsequent pelletization in a roller while drying. The pellets are dried to 1% or less moisture content by weight based on the weight of dry kaolin clay.

Abstract: A process for making densified pellets of pigmentary materials such as kaolin clay and talc of high bulk density, good handling and bulk flow properties, and low moisture content is disclosed. The process consists essentially of mixing substantially dry pigmentary material with water to bring the total moisture content of the finely divided pigmentary material to from about 17% to about 26% by weight based on the weight of said dry pigmentary material during mixing in a pin mixer, followed by screening, and subsequent pelletization in a roller while drying. The pellets are dryed to 1% or less moisture content by weight based on the weight of dry pigmentary material.

Abstract: Zeolite X can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 5:1. Zeolite A can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 3:1. The resulting zeolite X and zeolite A have an average particle size below 2 microns. A combination of zeolite X and zeolite A can be made in the same reaction. Sand can be used as a source of silica in the production of zeolite Y by activating the sand with from 50 to 2000 ppm alumina.

Abstract: A non-water dispersible water-softening bead is disclosed having from 80 to 90% sodium alumino silicate and from 10 to 20% low density polyethylene. The bead has a diameter of between 200 and 1000 microns and a calcium capacity of at least 200 mg calcium carbonate/g. The sodium alumino silicate has a silica to aluminum oxide molar ratio of between 2:1 and 4:1 and a sodium oxide to aluminum oxide molar ratio of between 0.8:1 and 1.2:1.

Abstract: An improved process for pelletizing siliceous materials produced in an aqueous medium is disclosed. The process comprises the improvement of filtering the aqueous medium in which the siliceous materials are produced or refined, forming a slurry of the filter cake obtained by filtration and thereafter introducing the slurry directly into a pelletizer. The pellets thus formed are dried and a portion thereof recycled to the pelletizer so that the solids content of the slurry has a predetermined solids content. The process obviates the need for an initial drying of the filter cake, reduces the drying of excess water at several steps and provides for the recycling and use of unsatisfactory materials.

Abstract: Dawsonite is formed by reacting alumina trihydrate with sodium bicarbonate in a sodium carbonate solution under pressure at a temperature between 100.degree. and 200.degree. C. for 30 minutes to 4 hours. The alumina trihydrate concentration is no greater than 86 grams per liter. The sodium carbonate concentration is between 150 and 300 grams per liter. Sufficient sodium bicarbonate is added to react with all the alumina trihydrate according to the equation:2Al(OH).sub.3 +2NaHCO.sub.3 =Na.sub.2 O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :2CO.sub. 2 :2H.sub.2 O+2H.sub.2 OThe resulting dawsonite is of high purity.

Abstract: A combined carbon black silica pigment is formed by forming a slurry of precipitated silica and producing a carbon black exhaust gas by the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon feedstock, then drying the silica slurry in a spray dryer with the heat of the carbon black exhaust gas to form a combined carbon black silica pigment having at least 28% by weight silica. The combined carbon black silica pigment is collected, pelletized and dried. The carbon black exhaust gas is quenched prior to entering the spray dryer.

Abstract: A method for producing a precipitated silicon dioxide having a new combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by acidulating a solution of an alkali metal silicate with an acid under controlled precipitation conditions. The aqueous reaction medium comprising the precipitated silica is then post-conditioned by introducing a second silicate solution into the reaction vessel and thereafter adding additional acid to react with the said second silicate solution. By varying the amount of the silicate employed in the post-conditioning step, a product is obtained which has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties including reduced wet cake moisture content, high surface areas and oil absorptions, improved surface activity, friability, wetting characteristics, and the like. The product has particular utility for use as a rubber reinforcing agent because of its increased surface activity and oil absorption, etc.

Abstract: An improved record member is disclosed of the type having a sensitized surface including an oil soluble acid-reactant organic polymer and a colorless acid type mineral such as kaolin clay. Sensitized surfaces of the foregoing type develop distinctive colors when contacted with a normally colorless oil solution containing two chromogenic materials which react, respectively in different time sequence, with the polymer and acid mineral. In the improved member kaolin particles are encapsulated within the said polymer material, whereby said sensitized surface possesses better and more uniform marking qualities. A method for preparation of the coating composition utilized in the member is also set forth.

Abstract: A method for producing a precipitated silicon dioxide having a new combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by acidulating a solution of an alkali metal silicate with an acid under controlled precipitation conditions. The aqueous reaction medium comprising the precipitated silica is then post-conditioned by introducing a second silicate solution into the reaction vessel and thereafter adding additional acid to react with the said second silicate solution. By varying the amount of the silicate employed in the post-conditioning step, a product is obtained which has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties including reduced wet cake moisture content, high surface areas and oil absorptions, improved surface activity, friability, wetting characteristics, and the like. The product has particular utility for use as a rubber reinforcing agent because of its increased surface activity and oil absorption, etc.

Abstract: A method of controlling the bulk or pour density of carbon black without altering its rubber reinforcing properties, by wet micropulverizing prior to pin mixing.

Abstract: A method of controlling the bulk or pour density of carbon black without altering its rubber reinforcing properties, by wet micropulverizing prior to pin mixing.

Abstract: A method for producing a precipitated silicon dioxide having a new combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by acidulating a solution of an alkali metal silicate with an acid under controlled precipitation conditions. The aqueous reaction medium comprising the precipitated silica is then post-conditioned by introducing a second silicate solution into the reaction vessel and thereafter adding additional acid to react with the said second silicate solution. By varying the amount of the silicate employed in the post-conditioning step, a product is obtained which has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties including reduced wet cake moisture content, high surface areas and oil absorptions, improved surface activity, friability, wetting characteristics, and the like. The product has particular utility for use as a rubber reinforcing agent because of its increased surface activity and oil absorption, etc.