Abstract: An arc cutting and gouging torch in combination with nozzle assemblies for suspending a carbon electrode and discharging a combined air stream relative to the carbon electrode centerline. The nozzle assemblies include exit orifices which are disposed in a non-parallel alignment relative to one another and the electrode to cause the air jet discharged from each exit orifice to merge at a location upstream of the arc and substantially about the centerline of the electrode.

Abstract: In combination, a plasma arc torch having an electrode structure adapted to be connected to a power supply for establishing a transferred plasma arc between the electrode structure and a workpiece and a nozzle assembly for constricting the plasma arc wherein the nozzle assembly comprises a first and second arc constricting passageway separated by a water chamber with the length of each passageway and the length of the water chamber being defined by a predetermined relationship to optimize the cutting speed and to minimize sensitivity to torch stand off.

Abstract: The torch comprises a collet assembly including a collet body and collet for receiving an electrode; a composite torch head having a barrel shaped end in which the collet assembly is mounted, a tubular shank extending from the barrel shaped end; and a cylindrical handle engaging the tubular shank in a coaxial relation at the forward end thereof. The torch handle has a seal assembly at the rear end thereof for forming a fluid sealed cavity within its interior. A separate power cable and shielding gas hose pass into the cavity through the seal assembly. The shielding gas functions to cool the torch handle and the torch body.

Abstract: A control system for operating a radiant furnace for curing ceramic products, the furnace having a furnace chamber, heating elements for applying radiant energy to the chamber, and movable platform means for supporting the ceramic product to be cured in the chamber. The control system generates a sensor signal responsive to the furnace temperature which is algebraically added to an idle temperature signal, a maximum temperature signal and a ramp signal. The algebraic sum produces an error signal which is applied to a polarity detector for controlling the heating elements in response to a predetermined polarity. The polarity detector is strobed when the sensor signal reaches the maximum temperature signal. Prior to reaching idle temperature the energy to the heating elements is applied in controlled graduated incremental levels. The idle temperature condition is a variable independent of the maximum temperature setting.

Abstract: The video amplifier circuit comprises a complementary symmetrical arrangement of a first and second solid state transistor element with the video input source coupled through a level shifting circuit to the first element and through a DC level shifting circuit to the second element and with means provided for operating each element in a clamped mode approaching saturation. Additional circuit modifications include means for modulating the video input signal with a high frequency signal to cause continuous gray scale variation.

Abstract: Corona induced chemical reactions are conducted in a corona discharge zone in which narrow high voltage pulses are applied along with a relatively low voltage bias potential. It is found that for many corona discharge reactions, such as the conversion of oxygen to ozone, the present method increases the electrical efficiency of the reaction.

Abstract: An electronic converter for converting numbers between two numeric systems, as for example, from the English to the metric systems. The converter comprises a dual keyboard for entering a number represented by a succession of digits and two calculators each having a display for displaying the contents stored in each calculator. The converter further comprises a direction control circuit which generates a signal identifying the actuated keyboard for each digit entered and a memory circuit programmed with a conversion algorithm for each direction of conversion between the two numeric systems. The appropriate conversion algorithm is selected by accessing memory in response to the actuated keyboard as identified by the direction control circuit. The selected memory information is controllably directed to one of the two calculators for performing the proper conversion. A conversion of the numerical information stored in the calculator occurs for each keyboard digit entered in the converter.

Abstract: A constant current welding power supply having a single transformer with a primary winding connected to a three phase input source of line voltage and two secondary windings each having a bridge rectifier for providing an open circuit starting voltage separate from the arc working voltage. Each bridge rectifier is fired by separate firing means controlled by a logic control means. One bridge rectifier is energized with an advancing firing angle proportional to a ramp output signal enabled through the control means in response to a predetermined drop in output voltage. The other bridge rectifier is energized in synchronism with the line voltage for a predetermined period of time following the predetermined drop in output voltage.

Abstract: A microcomputer control system for operating a die press stamping machine comprising a microprocessor including data storage memory means, means for programming the memory with data representing the coordinates of each machine position in a sequence defining a multiple number of cutting programs means for selecting a predetermined cutting program, means for displaying each address position within the microprocessor memory and means for selectively introducing machine coordinate data within memory at the displayed address position.

Abstract: The reinforced jacket crown of the present invention comprises an inner structure including a thin metal foil of platinum conforming in shape to the tooth preparation to be restored, at least one fired on coating of a composition of finely divided particles of from about 1 to 100% by weight of a noble metal halide in combination with from zero to 99% by weight of a noble based metal and a relatively thick fired on outer coating of dental porcelain.

Abstract: A combination of welding wire and welding flux for submerged arc welding of high strength low alloy pipe which require low temperature impact properties of at least 30 ft./lb. at -13.degree. F. The wire consists essentially of 2.0 to 3.5 wt. % manganese; 0.01 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % silicon; 0.05 to 0.15 wt. % carbon; balance iron with the proviso that when manganese is greater than 2.5 up to 3.5 wt. % the silicon content is between 0.01 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % and when the manganese content is between 2.0 to 2.5 wt. % the silicon content is greater than 0.3 wt. % up to 1.5 wt. %. The flux used with these wires is preferably acidic in nature.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a housing having individual compartments for separately storing an epoxy resin material and a reactive hardener for the epoxy resin, a rotatably adjustable housing having a first and second stationary position, an aperture for each compartment disposed in the first position above the level of each material and disposed in the second position below the level of each material and a syringe for each aperture for extracting and dispensing a predetermined measure of each material.

Abstract: A control system for optimizing the flow of a cryogenic refrigerant into the precooler and mill of a cryopulverizing system including means responsive to a change in the discharge temperature in the mill for introducing refrigerant into the mill in direct proportion to such temperature change and means responsive to the change in discharge temperature in the mill for introducing refrigerant into the precooler at a linear rate proportional to the product of the material feed rate and the change in discharge temperature and inversely proportional to the residence time of the feed material in the precooler.

Abstract: A fused flux for use especially in submerged arc welding of high strength, low-alloy pipe steels, characterized in that the flux is amorphous and nonpowdery and capable of producing low oxygen content weld metal having a high impact strength even at low temperature, the flux containing: 20-60 wt. % CaO; 15-55 wt. % SiO.sub.2 ; 5-10 wt. % CaF.sub.2 ; 5-15 wt. % TiO.sub.2 ; 0-5 wt. % Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; 3-15 wt. % Na.sub.3 AlF.sub.6 ; and 5-30 wt. % MgO.

Abstract: A continuous seam weldment is established between moving strips of sheet material by forming a converging Vee geometry between the moving strips, applying force at the point of convergence and directing a laser beam into the convergence Vee. The laser beam should be focused at a focal point lying only in a narrow range from essentially at the point of convergence to a location downstream thereof.

Abstract: A continuous seam weldment is established between two strips of sheet material while the strips are moving by forming a converging Vee geometry between the moving strips, applying a pressure at the point of convergence and focusing a laser beam into the converging Vee.

Abstract: In a bag folding machine of the type which includes a rolling section for winding the bag into a roll, with the rolling section divided into two sub-sections spaced a predetermined distance apart to form an open area therebetween including means for withdrawing the bag from the rolling section the improvement comprising said bag withdrawal means being arranged to withdraw the bag through the open area in a predetermined discharge direction with each sub-section having an entrance opening with a substantially flat surface on opposite sides of the open area in a common plane transverse to the discharge direction.

Abstract: In a bag folding machine of the type which includes a rolling section for winding the bag into a roll, with the rolling section divided into two sub-sections spaced a predetermined distance apart to form an open area therebetween through which the bag is withdrawn the improvement comprising; each sub-section including a rotatable mandrel forming a confined space with the moving surface of the rolling section, and means for rotating each mandrel at a peripheral speed about equal to the peripheral speed of the rolling section.

Abstract: A box-like dispensing carton in combination with a plurality of plastic bags arranged within the carton in a corrugated configuration. The carton has a removable access panel in one wall which provides an access aperture of compound geometry having one portion defined by an elongated opening and another portion by a narrow slot. The corrugated bags are arranged with each open end in tandem and in parallel with the wall having the access aperture and with the open end of each bag disposed closer to such wall than the closed end of each bag.

Abstract: Corona induced chemical reactions are conducted in a corona discharge zone in which narrow high voltage pulses are applied along with a relatively low voltage bias potential. It is found that for many corona discharge reactions, such as the conversion of oxygen to ozone, the present method increases the electrical efficiency of the reaction.