Abstract: In a tensioning device for tensioning lines having a drive element for the tensioning line, the drive element is coupled to a ratchet wheel which can be set into rotary movement by a pivot lever with a drive pawl. The directionally oriented notches of the ratchet wheel are shaped so that the pivot lever can be operated in an ergonomically favorable direction during tensioning of the tensioning line. This is made possible in that the notch back of the notch of the ratchet wheel which cooperates with a blocking mechanism in its blocking or detent position is remote from the free end of the pivot lever.

Abstract: In order to prevent ambient light severely reducing the contrast of a display on a tricolor cathode ray tube, a holographic element having reflection wavelength peaks between the emission wavelength peaks of the cathode ray tube is disposed in the light path from the display to the observer. The holographic plane of reflection is preferably inclined to the substrate plane of the element so as to direct unwanted light away from the observer. The display may be head-down or head-up.

Abstract: A relatively simple dual display system, e.g. a map or stand-by graticule superimposed on a radar or main display, is provided by use of holography. A holographic element when illuminated with a reconstruction beam from a light source provides a holographic image of visual information at a postiion behind and spaced from the element itself. The element is mounted an appropriate distance in front of a cathode ray tube such that the holographic image appears at the phosphor surface superimposed on and coincident with the CRT display.

Abstract: In a chain with chain links of round material, the chain links have, in the region of their contact points, supporting arcs (7,8) with a supporting arc angle .alpha. of 180.degree. and a radius of curvature R.sub.s of 0.5 to 0.52 d, d being the diameter of the round material. On the side of the unwelded leg (3) of the chain link, the supporting arcs (7,8) are connected by a boundary line (9) of the clear inner space (6) of the chain link, which boundary line has an arcuate indentation (11), while the supporting arcs on the side of the welded leg (4) of the chain link are connected by a substantially straight boundary line. The greatest inner width b.sub.1max of the chain link is at most equal to 1.15 times the diameter d of the round material.

Abstract: In a tensioning device for tensioning lines having a drive part and a ratchet wheel drivable thereby, a plurality of detent pawls, which are associated with the ratchet wheel, prevent an accidental reverse rotation of the ratchet wheel. The arrangement of the detent pawls is made so that only one detent pawl at a time can come into engagement with a tooth of the ratchet wheel. The reverse rotary stroke of the detent pawl is kept small by an appropriate angular association of teeth and detent pawls.

Abstract: Metal-insulator-semiconductor devices are formed on III-V semiconductors utilizing a pnictide rich insulating layer. The layer may be applied by vacuum evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, and from a liquid melt. Gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, and gallium phosphide substrates are insulated with an alkali metal high pnictide polypnictide, preferably a polyphosphide, having the formula MP.sub.x where x is equal to or greater than 15, including new forms of phosphorus grown in the presence of an alkali metal where x is much greater than 15. A KP.sub.15 layer is preferred. They may also be insulated with a layer of a solid elemental pnictide, namely phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth applied by one of the above named processes. An elemental phosphorus layer is preferred. A silicon nitride, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, layer may be added on top of the pnictide layer to increase the breakdown voltage of the insulating layer.

Abstract: The Detector Module derives a synchronization signal from the half-wave crossovers of the AC power line. A half-wave peak detector detects the peak voltage of each half wave. An impulse detector detects the voltage of any impulses occurring during a half-wave. A common mode detector detects the peak value of each half-wave across the common mode terminals. A microcomputer is provided together with a clock/calendar for recording threshold values and for each half-cycle if a SAG or SURGE is detected; the time that the SAG or SURGE was initiated; the voltage of the half cycle of greatest SAG or SURGE during the event and the number of cycles is recorded. For LO and HI AVERAGE an average resistor stores the average of the peak values for each of the last thirty-two half cycles and that average is compared with the threshold to determine if an event has occurred. If an event has occurred, the duration and the lowest average occurring during the event is stored.

Abstract: Thin film field effect transistors utilize MP.sub.x as the active switched semiconductor where M is at least one alkali metal, P is at least one pnictide, and x ranges from 15 to infinity. Phosphorus is preferred as the dominant pnictide and potassium is preferred as the dominant alkali metal. The local order of the semiconductors may vary from an all parallel pentagonal tube-like structure to a layer-like puckered sheet structure. The all parallel pentagonal tube structure is preferred. Metal insulated semiconductor (MISFETS) and metal semiconductor (MESFETS) field effect transistors are disclosed. The semiconductor is preferably doped with up to approximately 1/2% nickel, iron, or chromium, to reduce the density of defect levels in the bandgap without increasing the conductivity. The semiconductors may be doped with 1/2-1% of the same metals to increase conductivity so as to provide normally ON devices.

Abstract: In a device for controlling the function of central lubrication installations with two electrically conducting components (8, 9) integrated into a signal circuit, a contact piston (18) provides the electrical contact between these components (8, 9). The contact piston (18) is guided with zero play in a bore (17) of one of the components (8, 9). It has a sealing section (19) which, in the working position of the device, is bypassed by two side ducts (24, 26) and a connected duct (25). One (24) of the connecting ducts (24, 26) emerges at a position in the bore (17) serving to guide the contact piston (18), which position is sufficiently far removed from the outlet opening of a flow duct (22) that lubricant can only flow through the device when a comparatively large distance has been established between one component (9) and the contact piston (18).

Abstract: A tamper-resistant screw cap and container body assembly has a cap which is connected to a safety band which can turn with the cap when the cap is being screwed on to the container body but which is held against turning when the cap is being screwed off, by the engagement of discontinuous ratchet-shaped inner beads on the cap with discontinuous ratchet-shaped outer beads on the container body beneath a continuous outer retaining bead.

Abstract: A composite security panel having at least two fibre optic elements contained within a block of material, the elements being arranged with portions emerging from the panel at three or more spaced locations. Translatory movement, rotation or tilting of the panel when assembled in a wall or housing causing translatory movement of an emergent portion of an element resulting in the interruption of a transmission line through the wall of housing. The elements may be firmly embedded within the panel, the fibre optic being carried on a strip of mateial, or the elements may be formed into a mesh which can be loosely housed between interconnectable sections of the panels.

Abstract: The surface hardness of material is tested by the extent of penetration of a tool thereinto by moving the tool onto the surface from a low to a high value of compressive force and then back to the low value by reversible rotative movements with the penetration being determined from the difference between the two rotative movements, in which the movement may be related to incremental rotative steps with the difference in the number of steps determining the extent of penetration and in which the movement may be automatically performed. The improvements comprise differential thread means comprising a rotatable part and means for revolving the rotatable part to effect linear movement of the penetrating end, and flexure means allowing free axial motion but preventing rotation of the rod (21) therebetween.

Abstract: In a device for measuring forces by means of an anti-friction bearing which is provided with strain gauges at various measurement points, which serve to detect overroll extensions, two strain gauges connected as a half-bridge are used in each case, which are adapted to materials with different coefficients of expansion. By the use of such different strain gauges, temperatures and forces can be measured with one and the same measuring device, while force-dependent alternating-voltage fractions appearing at the center tapping of the half-bridge are filtered out of the total signal by a filter.

Abstract: A toy building which is easily carried and yet which can form a larger size play unit. A first floor part 3 of the building is slidably received within a ground floor part 1. Clip elements 7 include lugs 21 and 23 slidable on rails 19 engage with respective projections 33 and 37 to locate the upper part 3 in its elevated position. The lug 23 is engageable with an upper projection 35 for locating the parts 1 and 3 in their collapsed positions.

Abstract: High phosphorus polyphosphides, namely MP.sub.x, where M is an alkali metal (Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs) or metals mimicking the bonding behavior of an alkali metal, and where x=7 to 15 or very much greater than 15 (new forms of phosphorus) are useful semiconductors in their crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous forms (boules and films). MP.sub.15 appears to have the best properties and KP.sub.15 is the easier to synthesize. P may include other pnictides as well as other trivalent atomic species. Resistance lowering may be accomplished by doping with Ni, Fe, Cr, and other metals having occupied d or f outer electronic levels; or by incorporation of As and other pnictides. Rectifying Schottky junction devices doped with Ni and employing Ni as a back contact comprise Cu, Al, Mg, Ni, Au, Ag, and Ti as junction forming top contacts. Photovoltaic, photoresistive, and photoluminescent devices are also disclosed. All semiconductor applications appear feasible.

Abstract: Amorphous and polycrystalline films of KP.sub.15 are formed by RF diode sputtering targets of KP.sub.15 and excess phosphorus in an argon phase. Substrate temperatures up to 280.degree.-300.degree. C. provide amorphous films. Higher temperatures provide microcrystalline or polycrystalline films. These films have high resistance and may be used as the insulator in MIS devices employing III-V semiconductors. Co-sputtering with nickel increases the conductivity of the films from approximately 10.sup.-10 (ohm-cm).sup.-1 to 10.sup.-2 (ohm-cm).sup.-1 ; only reduces the optical gap by 0.2 eV; and reduces the activation energy from 0.8 eV to 0.2 eV; the nickel content varying from 5-15%. Substrates include glass, silicon, tantalum, stainless steel, gallium phosphide and gallium arsenide, and glass metallized with metals such as titanium, nickel and aluminum.

Abstract: A systematic data memory error detection and correction apparatus periodically reads data from each addressable memory location, determines the presence or absence of an error in the addressed data memory location and, if an error is detected, corrects the error and writes the corrected data back into the addressed memory location. The apparatus may include circuitry for logging those areas of the data memory where errors have been detected, such logging showing either the address location where an error is detected or alternatively indicating the repetitiveness of an error at any particular addressed memory location. Such data logging facilitates determination of hardware or "hard" type errors as distinguished from non-hardware or "soft" type errors.

Abstract: A generally cylindrical radiation shielding adapter makes possible the efficient utilization of a gamma camera for uptake studies. Only a small portion of the camera's field of view is utilized, thus increasing the count rate and decreasing the length of the study and the amount of radioactive material required to be absorbed by the organ.An alternative flat field of view straight bore masking collimator is also provided for uptake studies.