Abstract: A stackable mushroom tray having a plurality of curved ribs that extend near but do not contact sidewalls of the tray. Open corner receptacles are formed at each corner of the tray to receive a spacer. Support feet are formed within each corner of the tray to receive a top surface of the spacer. Raised corrugations are placed between the curved ribs with a plurality of holes between the raised corrugations. A lip is formed around the perimeter of the sidewalls. The tray is preferably made of a composite material such as a plastic and fibrous material that can be easily molded. The structure and configuration of the tray permits a relatively thin walled tray to be used, yet is extremely rigid and can be stacked easily while maintaining lateral stability. The tray can be easily manufactured, relatively inexpensively, provides additional growing space, and requires virtually no assembly, greatly simplifying mushroom growing.

Abstract: Blades pivotally attached together linked to push rods and inserted into an illumination field, energy or flux. The blades extend longitudinally along the length of a rectangular illumination field or slit used to image a reticle onto a photosensitive substrate. The blades controllably adjust the width of the rectangular illumination field to modify the illumination intensity or energy provided to a photosensitive substrate. The illumination field is scanned across the photosensitive substrate to expose it with the image of a reticle. The blades are dynamically controlled during the scanning exposure to adjust the illumination intensity or energy in a predetermined way. The resulting selective change in exposure dose corrects local area of line width variance. Various errors in pattern reproduction using a photolithographic system are relatively easily corrected. This is particularly advantageous in a scanning lithography system used in the manufacture of semiconductors.

Abstract: A rotary actuator including a housing provided with a fluid actuated drive assembly operatively connected to a rotary plate arranged to effect the drive thereof, wherein the housing and the rotary plate are provided with complementary cooperating stop abutment and groove or track for limiting the angular rotation of the rotary plate in either the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation. An adjustment is provided to adjust the angular rotation of the rotary plate. Also provided is a control or adjustment for independently regulating the speed of rotation of the rotary plate either in the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation.

Abstract: To provide Ru compounds which are in the form of a liquid at room temperature to be used in forming Ru and RuO.sub.2 films for electrodes in semiconductor devices by the CVD method and a process for producing these compounds.Because of being a liquid at room temperature and having a sufficient vapor ressure at about 100.degree. C., bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium or bis(isopropylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium can be quantitatively supplied via gas bubbling or with the use of a liquid mass flow controller as a feedstock in the CVD method and thermally decomposed on a substrate at 600.degree. C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to give pure Ru films. These compounds can be obtained at a high yield by reacting respectively ruthenium trichloride hydrate and ethylcyclopentadiene or isopropylcyclopentadiene with a zinc powder in an alcohol solvent at -30 to 0.degree. C.

Abstract: An elongated rectangular cuff having fasteners and electrodes with an attached control unit for providing a predetermined electrical signal to the electrodes. The predetermined electrical signal is substantially a square wave with a duration of between 0.1 and 0.3 milliseconds, a frequency of between 0.1 and 0.5 Hertz, with 5 to 15 repetitions delivered every 5 to 15 minute intervals. The control unit provides a controllable intensity of between 1 to 20 milliamperes. The cuff or sleeve, when wrapped around a user's leg and positioned below the knee such that the electrodes contact the calf muscles, causes a muscle and nerve stimulation resulting in contraction of the calf muscle. Blood flow is therefore increased regardless of body position or a movement greatly decreasing the possibility of developing deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, which may be fatal. In addition it reduces ankle edema and leg discomfort associated with prolonged sitting.

Abstract: The present invention supplies a drilling screw which can fix a gypsum board to a thin steel plate by utilizing an impact-type air driven screw fastener and execution method for fixing efficiently the gypsum board to the thin steel plate. The drilling screw 11 comprising the parallel thread part 13 and the smaller diameter parallel thread part 15 which are connected through the taper thread part 14. The height of thread crest of the smaller diameter parallel thread part 15 is as small as about 0.1 mm. The taper bit 16 is formed at the fore end of the smaller diameter parallel thread part 15. When the drilling screw 11 is hammered into the gypsum board and the C-type steel plate structural material with the impact-type air driven screw fastener, the smaller diameter parallel thread part 15 is inserted through the steel plate. Since the smaller diameter parallel thread part 15 has so small diameter, the steel plate is seldom deformed.

Abstract: A pad having a permanent magnet therein and a first fastener material on one side and a mating fastener material on the other side. A plurality of pads are fastened together along their perimeters forming any desired shape. The plurality of pads are placed adjacent a portion of the body creating a desired magnetic field for use in magnetic therapy. An elastic wrap or bandage is used to hold the plurality of attached pads in position adjacent to the body. The pad has a foam material on one side and a mesh material on the other. A VELCRO fastener material is preferably used for attaching the plurality of pads together. The modular pad makes easy placement of permanent magnets used in magnetic therapy without the need for a variety of special purpose pads shaped to fit the desired portion of the body. Magnetic therapy can therefore be practiced with greater flexibility and reduced cost.

Abstract: A dietary food supplement for weight reduction formed of a mixture of a sugar based confectionary containing therapeutic amounts of chitosan, kava and a fat burning nutriceutical which may include choline/inusital, chromium picolinate, beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate, L-carnitine and pyruvate or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A water engine having a rocking beam that includes a bucket. A reservoir is mounted on each end of the beam. The respective reservoirs are provided with a valved discharged opening which are alternatively actuated as the corresponding bucket is moved to its elevated position. The actuating medium is supplied to each of the reservoirs by a pump. The timing of the opening and closing of the respective reservoir and bucket discharge valves in an alternating sequence are effected by a mechanical linkage arrangement that is rendered responsive to the rocking motion of the beam. The alternating filling and emptying of the respective bucket imparts a continuous oscillating or rocking motion to the rocking beam, whereby a transmission translates the oscillating motion of the beam into rotary motion for driving a suitable work producing machine.

Abstract: A vacuum manifold having a rectangular opening with vacuum access bores connected into the rectangular opening for an illumination field to be projected there through. A vacuum manifold is placed between a photosensitive resist covered wafer and a lens element in a photolithographic tool. The relatively high illumination energy in an illumination field used for projecting an image of a reticle onto a photosensitive resist covered wafer often results in ablated, evaporated, and effused material being coated on the lens element. The vacuum manifold placed between the lens element and the photosensitive resist covered wafer creates an airflow for removing debris or contamination preventing coating of the lens surface. This prevents image quality from degradation over time, as well as reduces downtime needed for cleaning or maintenance of the photolithographic tool.

Abstract: A gripper assembly for use in automated machines or robotics having a piston driven activator for effecting corresponding linear parallel displacement of opposed finger carriers and associated gripper fingers between a retracted and protracted position with improved center repeatability that is achieved by keying or maintaining the piston driven activator firmly centered relative to the gripper housing in a precise and positive manner that is least effected by wear. The gripper assembly may also be rendered fluid tight to operate in a fluid environment by providing seals between the opposed reciprocating finger carriers and the gripper housing as the finger carriers are displaced in a linear parallel manner between a protracted and retracted position.

Abstract: An alignment system for use in semiconductor manufacturing that matches pairs of like edges of alignment marks. Grating type alignment marks are illuminated by a predetermined illumination pattern with the reflected and/or scattered electromagnetic radiation collected by a detector. Like edges are selected from the collected electromagnetic radiation and matched. A signal analyzer analyses the matched like edges and obtains alignment information. The matching of like edges results in relatively process insensitive detection of wafer alignment marks. The distance between like edges is substantially less effected by wafer processing. Wafer alignment marks can thereby be more accurately detected, resulting in improved positioning and alignment accuracies. This improves and advances the technology use to manufacture semiconductor devices.

Abstract: Blades pivotally attached together linked to push rods and inserted into an illumination energy or flux. The blades extend longitudinally along the length of a rectangular illumination field or slit used to image a reticle onto a photosensitive substrate. The push rods are coupled to a flexure or link pivotally connected to each end of a substantially rectangular blade. The corners of the rectangular blades have a radius providing a smooth transition between blades. A frame holds the push rods in place as the blades are moved into and out of the illumination energy or flux. The push rods may be adjusted by a screw or other equivalent devices or methods. The lateral or sideways forces resulting from the movement of the blades is compensated for by the flexures or links resulting in less stress being placed on the blades. Slots placed at pivot points in the blades may also be used to facilitate movement of the blades.

Abstract: An on-axis through the lens optical alignment system for use in semiconductor manufacturing using step and scan photolithographic techniques. An optical alignment system uses a partially common path with the projection optics (16) optical axis (38) in order to detect alignment targets on a wafer (10) and a mask (20). The relative position of the mask (20) and wafer (10) is detected during a single simultaneous scan, and the mask (20) and wafer (10) are resultantly aligned. This provides advantages over prior art multiple channel off-axis through the lens alignment systems and single channel non-through the lens alignment systems. A detailed optical apparatus (60) is disclosed.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to an electromechanical servovalve having an electrical coil or winding movably mounted relative to a magnet so that when the winding is energized by an electric current, it interacts with the magnetic flux generated by the magnet to shift a valve member of an associated valve between operative and inoperative position. The arrangement is such that the valve member functions as the bearing for the movable coil or winding so as to render the servovalve lighter and faster in operation. The valve member is biased toward its neutral or inoperative position by a pair of opposed springs, one of which can be readily adjusted to vary the biasing force of the springs acting upon the valving member.

Abstract: An all reflective ring field projection optic system for use in scanning photolithography used in the manufacture of semiconductor wafers. The projection optics are designed for wavelengths in the extreme ultraviolet ranging from 11 to 13 nm to provide an arcuate image field for a reduction step and scan photolithography system. A sequence or configuration of mirrors from the long conjugate end to the short conjugate end consists of a convex, concave, convex, and concave mirror with an aperture stop being formed at or near the second convex mirror. This sequence of mirror powers provides a relatively large image field size while maintaining a relatively compact reticle wafer distance of less than 900 mm. The projection optics form an instantaneous annual field of up to 50 mm.times.2 mm at the wafer, permitting scanning to cover a field on a wafer of at least 50 mm.times.50 mm, greatly increasing throughput. The optical projection system can print features as small as 0.05 microns.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an anhydrous dental etchant composition that includes a mixture of phosphoric acid or an equivalent and anhydrous glycerin having a final acid concentration in the range of 10% to 40%, and having a trace of a color indicator therein; and a unit package and dispenser for the anhydrous dental etch that includes an applicator and a predetermined amount of anhydrous etchant which is self contained for single patient application and which can be readily disposed of after use.