Abstract: There is disclosed a novel porous hollow fiber membrane which is characterized by such a unique porous structure that the inner and outer membrane surfaces have an in-a-plane average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 .mu.m and the porous membrane wall has an in-a-plane porosity of not less than 10% measured in every plane perpendicular to a radial direction of the annular cross-section of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the in-a-plane porosity exhibits at least one minimum value between the inner and outer membrane surfaces. The present porous hollow fiber membrane has been found to be especially useful for the removal of a virus from an aqueous protein solution containing a virus. A virus can be effectively removed from an aqueous protein solution with not only an extremely high virus removal percentage but also an extremely high protein permeability, without causing the protein to be denatured.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided to evacuate an air-tight openable and closeable container to a sub-atmospheric pressure. A flexible diaphragm inside the container responds to a change in pressure to actuate an alarm. In one embodiment, a display case is evacuated via a one-way valve by connecting a pump thereto. In a different embodiment, a pump inside a hand-carried case evacuates the case via a one-way valve. Alternatively, at least one side of the case is flexible enough to evacuate the case by pushing thereon, with no pump being required.

Abstract: A device for preventing fishing line backlash in a double-bearing type fishing reel wherein a spool is loaded by magnetic induction to prevent the backlash. The device is so constructed that magnet rings are located inside and outside of an electric conductive ring fixed to a spool shaft. One of the magnetic rings is rotated by an adjusting disc having a guide slot to engage a lug on the rotated ring to adjust the magnetic induction brake force for the spool.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder type injection molding apparatus comprises a shifting table that can be moved toward a fixed head supporting a mold and having a plurality of sprues. The apparatus includes a plurality of injection cylinders mounted on the shifting table that can be moved to a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the shifting table by a ball screw mechanism, a servo motor, and a numerical control to align the nozzle portions of the injection cylinders with the sprues. The apparatus also includes a mechanism for injecting molten molding material from the injection cylinders into the sprues. In one embodiment of the apparatus, the injecting conditions of each injection cylinder is controlled independently.

Abstract: An MOS type semiconductor device having a semiconductor substrate, an insulating layer formed in or on said semiconductor substrate, and an MOS transistor formed on said insulating layer, characterized in that said insulating layer is formed at a region below said MOS transistor excluding at least part of the region below a channel region of said MOS transistor.

Abstract: A system for transcribing a sequence of input analog signals having characteristic frequencies and durations into indicia which visibly reflect the frequencies and durations of the input analog signals. The system uses the principles that the frequency of an analog signal can be determined from the number of zero crossings the signal makes in a predetermined time period and that the durations of the input analog signals can be determined from the number of successive time periods that the determined frequencies remain the same.In the preferred embodiment, the system transcribes successive musical tones into corresponding musical notes. A microphone produces electrical signals corresponding to the musical tones and a frequency digitizer circuit produces a digital signal train comprising a digital pulse for each zero crossing of the electrical signals.

Abstract: An apparatus for marking identification symbols on a wafer including: a marking means for marking identification symbols on the wafer; a reading means for reading the marked identification symbols; a comparing means for comparing data of the identification symbols which are read by the reading means with basic data on which the identification symbols are marked on the wafer, and a judging means for inspecting and judging from a result of the comparison whether the desired identification symbols are marked on the wafer or not.

Abstract: A gas etching apparatus comprising an etching gas-producing chamber; means for introducing into said chamber a mixture of a gas containing fluorine atoms and a gas containing oxygen atoms; means for activating the gas mixture received in the etching gas-producing chamber; an etching chamber provided in a region located apart from the etching gas-producing chamber and free from the electric field produced by the activating means; and an etching gas-conducting pipe means for establishing communication between the etching gas-producing chamber and etching chamber, the improvement being that the etching gas-conducting pipe means is designed to satisfy the following formula:10.sup.-1 Se.ltoreq. C.sub.T .ltoreq. 5.times.10.sup.2 Sewhere:C.sub.t = conductance (l/min) of the etching gas-conducting pipe means;Se= effective exhaust speed (l/min) in the etching chamber.

Abstract: A semiconductor device for integrated injection logic comprises a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, a signal input region of a second conductivity type provided in the substrate, at least one signal output region of the first conductivity type formed in part of the surface of the signal input region, a charge injection region provided closely to the signal input region and forming a pn junction with the substrate and having a higher impurity concentration than the signal input region, and electrodes provided for the substrate, signal input region, signal output region, and charge injection region, respectively.

Abstract: A control system for a power dividing type hydraulic transmission in which the motive power supplied from an engine is transmitted mechanically. Part of the motive power is converted to hydraulic power by hydraulic pump motors to obtain infinitely variable speed ratios. The transmission includes a hydraulic pressure control system that operates by the use of electrically controlled solenoid valves. The control system detects the rotational speeds of an input and an output shaft, and when the speed ratio between the shafts is smaller than the mode converting speed ratio, a first solenoid valve is operated to engage a first clutch. When the speed ratio is greater than the mode converting speed ratio, a second solenoid valve is operated to engage a second clutch. The engagement of the clutches is timed so that both clutches are not coincidentally disengaged.