Abstract: When a control valve allows communication through a fuel drain channel, fuel flows into an inner control chamber from an outer control chamber through a communication channel and flows out to a fuel tank. The fuel flow through the communication channel generates a differential pressure between inner control pressure and outer control pressure. Thus, an outer differential pressure immediately after an outer valve opening time can be set small, restraining an increase in the unburnt HC content of exhaust gas at low load, which could otherwise result from a high rising speed of an outer needle valve immediately after the outer valve opening time. An inner differential pressure immediately after an inner valve opening time can be set large, restraining an increase in the smoke content of exhaust gas, which could result from a low rising speed of an inner needle valve immediately after the inner valve opening time.

Abstract: A power train is provided having a power source for generating a power output. The power train also has a power storage device for storing and distributing power. The power train further has a controller configured to cause the distribution of power from the power storage device for assisting the power source when the rate of fuel entering the power source is above a threshold fuel rate. The threshold fuel rate is a fuel rate at which, assisting the power source increases the efficiency of the power train.

Abstract: A terrain mapping system is disclosed. The system has at least one sensor configured to gather a plurality of current points defining a current surface of a site and a database containing a plurality of previously-gathered points defining a previous surface of the site. The system also has a controller in communication with the at least one sensor. The controller is configured to compare a height of at least one of the plurality of the current points to a height of a corresponding at least one of the plurality of previously-gathered points and to determine if an update to the database is warranted based on the comparison. The controller is further configured to update the database if it is determined that an update is warranted.

Abstract: A DC to DC converter includes an input terminal, an output terminal, first and second switches, an inductor, a smoothing unit, a first impedance element, a first resistor element, an operational amplifier and a control unit. The first switch is connected to the input terminal. The second switch is connected to the first switch and a ground terminal. The inductor is connected to the first switch and the output terminal. The smoothing unit is connected to the inductor and the ground terminal. The first impedance element is connected to the smoothing unit. The first resistor element is connected in series with the first impedance element. The operational amplifier is connected to the first impedance element. Reference voltage is added to the operational amplifier. The control unit controls the first and second switches according to a control signal outputted from the operational amplifier.

Abstract: Disclosed is a component built-in wiring board, including a first insulating layer; a second insulating layer positioned in a laminated state on the first insulating layer; a semiconductor element buried in the second insulating layer, having a semiconductor chip with terminal pads and having surface mounting terminals arrayed in a grid shape connected electrically with the terminal pads; an electric/electronic component further buried in the second insulating layer; a wiring pattern sandwiched between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer, including a first mounting land for the semiconductor element and a second mounting land for the electric/electronic component; a first connecting member connecting electrically the surface mounting terminal of the semiconductor element with the first mounting land; and a second connecting member connecting electrically the terminals of the electric/electronic component with the second mounting land, made of a same material as a material of the first c

Abstract: A protective apparatus that protects a predetermined area of the front surface of a mask substrate, provided with a pellicle frame that is disposed on at least a portion of the circumference of the predetermined area and bonded to the front surface of the mask substrate, and a pellicle that is mounted on the pellicle frame so as to cover an opening portion that is formed by the pellicle frame in a manner facing the predetermined area; in which the pellicle frame includes a first side portion and a second side portion, and a third side portion and a fourth side portion that are disposed at different positions along the predetermined area, and in relation to the normal direction of the front surface of the mask substrate, the rigidity of the first side portion and the second side portion is lower than the rigidity of the third side portion and the fourth side portion.

Abstract: An area light source device according to the present invention includes a plate-shaped light guide plate that has one surface that serves as a transmissive surface and another surface that is on the opposite side from the transmissive surface and in which a plurality of recessed portions are provided. The area light source device also includes at least two light-emitting diodes that are accommodated in each of the recessed portions, that emit light in a direction in which the light guide plate extends, and that are disposed such that they emit light in different directions. In this configuration, directing a light-emitting face of any one of the light-emitting diodes such that it faces a given light-emitting area makes it possible to cause light to be emitted uniformly within the light-emitting area and also makes it possible to cause light to be emitted only within the specific light-emitting area.

Abstract: The present invention provides and includes monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) preferentially selective for HER2 antigens, hybridoma lines that secrete these HER2 antibodies or antibody fragments, and the use of such antibodies and antibody fragments to detect HER2 antigens, particularly those expressed by cancer cells. The present invention also includes antibodies that are specific for or show preferential binding to a soluble or secreted form of HER2. The present invention also includes an antibody or antibody fragment that is capable of reducing the activity of HER2 in at least one form, including a soluble form or a secreted form. The present invention further includes chimeric antibodies, processes for producing monoclonal and chimeric antibodies or monoclonal or chimeric antibodies, and their therapeutic uses, particularly in the detection of cancer most preferentially in human breast, stomach, and colon.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display consistent with the present invention comprises an insulating substrate having a signal line and a scan line. The scan line forms a crossing pattern with the signal line. A switching device is connected to the signal line and the scan line. An interlayer insulating film is formed on top of the signal line, the scan line, and the switching device. A pixel electrode is formed on the interlayer insulating film and connected to the switching device. A trench is formed in a part of the interlayer insulating film where the pixel electrode is not formed. Finally, a black matrix is formed in a predetermined part of the trench.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory information storage apparatus includes a storage unit using a nonvolatile memory, a write number manager counting each of numbers of times of writing of all blocks, a list manager classifying the blocks in the nonvolatile memory by in-use/unused, managing in an in-use list a block of the in-use, managing in a first unused list a block with the number of times of writing equal to a maximum value, and managing in a second unused list a block with the number of times of writing less than the maximum value, and a controller writing and erasing information data to and from the storage unit.

Abstract: A display apparatus (1) comprises a matrix display device (DD) with pixels (10) wherein particles (14) move in a fluid (13) between electrodes (6, 6?, 7). An optical state of the pixels (10) is defined by a value of a drive voltage (VDi) and a duration (Di) of a drive period (TDi) during which the drive voltage (VDi) is present across the pixel (10). A DC-balancing circuit (3) controls the amplitudes of the drive voltages (VDi) and/or durations (Di) of drive periods (TDi) to obtain a substantially zero time-average value (N) across each pixel (10) or across each sub-group of pixels. This control of the amplitude of the drive voltages (VDi) and/or the duration (Di) of the drive periods (TDi) allows minimizing the image retention, without requiring reset pulses causing all pixels (10) to become temporarily white or black.

Abstract: A solid-liquid separator that separates raw water containing suspended solids into suspended solids (solid) and treated water (liquid) in easy and a short time is provided. A solid-liquid separator includes a separation tub, an inflow pipe configured to rotate raw water which flowed from the outlet of the inflow pipe in the separation tub, a froth discharge pipe configured to discharge the suspended solids surfaced in the separation tub and a treated water discharge pipe configured to discharge treated water by which the suspended solids were removed from raw water from the separation tub.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heterocyclic compound represented by the general formula (1): The compound of the present invention has a wide treatment spectrum for mental disorders including central nervous system disorders, no side effects and high safety.

Abstract: A circular DNA is provided comprising endogenous DNA common to both genetically modified wheat and non-genetically modified wheat along with one or more pieces of DNA each having a sequence present specifically in a strain of genetically modified wheat. Also provided is a method for determining a mix rate of genetically modified wheat in a test sample.

Abstract: An information processing device for processing reception signals converted into digital signals, includes: a first conversion unit for executing sampling rate conversion of each of the digital signals to be computed with each tap coefficient of a K'th-order FIR filter; a filter computing unit for executing computation processing of the K'th order FIR filter on K digital signals each of which have been subjected to sampling rate conversion by the first conversion unit; and a control unit for controlling sampling rate conversion of the digital signals by the first conversion unit, and the computation processing of the K'th order FIR filter by the filter computing unit.

Abstract: This invention provides a new approach to the design of a virus with a defective replication cycle, which can be rescued by wild type virus co-infection, and which expresses foreign antigenic epitopes that contribute to the elimination of virus infected cells and then to viral clearance. The vector of the invention, by expression of epitopes derived from common pathogens, by-passes existing tolerance of virus specific T cell responses. The vector will only replicate in virus infected cells.

Abstract: A modular polymeric insulator for overhead power distribution networks. The insulator includes a first insulating module adjacent to a supporting element; at least one further insulating module superimposed to the first insulating module and a non-metallic pin extending through the first insulating module and the at least one further insulating module. The modular polymeric insulator has a similar performance to a “Post type” insulator with the advantage of being resistant to impact and much lighter than a “Post type” insulator.

Abstract: In tire manufacture, a belt structure is made by means of strip-like segments each including parallel cords incorporated into an elastomeric layer, which strip-like segments are sequentially laid down in mutual circumferential side by side relationship on a toroidal support.