Abstract: A method for setting an illumination optical unit involves determining an actual value of an intensity-weighted illumination parameter of the illumination optical unit for multiple field points and for multiple illumination angles. The influence of a deformation of at least one of the optical surfaces of the illumination optical unit on the at least one illumination parameter is then determined. A desired value of the illumination parameter is then predefined. A desired form of the at least one optical surface is determined so that the actual value of the illumination parameter corresponds to the desired value of the illumination parameter within predefined limits. Finally, the optical surface is deformed with the aid of at least one actuator so that an actual form of the optical surface corresponds to the desired form.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a medical device anchor system include an anchor device that secures a medical instrument (such as a catheter or the like) in place relative to a skin penetration point using subcutaneous anchors. In some implementations, the anchor device can be installed using a technique in which the subcutaneous anchors undergo relatively little or no flexing when being inserted through the skin into the subcutaneous region between the skin and underlying muscle tissue which may be occupied by fatty tissue.

Abstract: A reflective optical element for use in an EUV system is disclosed. The reflective optical element includes a base body, which is produced at least partly from a substrate material. At least one cooling channel through which a cooling medium can flow is arranged in the base body. A material having a thermal conductivity of greater than 50 W/mK is provided as substrate material. The reflective optical element also includes a polishing layer, which is applied on the substrate material. The polishing layer includes an amorphous material which can be processed via polishing.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus is disclosed. The plasma display apparatus includes a plasma display panel including a scan electrode and a sustain electrode that are positioned parallel to each other, and an address electrode crossing the scan electrode and the sustain electrode and a driver that supplies a reset signal to the scan electrode and supplies a first signal, whose a direction is the same as a direction of the reset signal, to the sustain electrode in a reset period of at least one of a plurality of subfields of a frame. The first signal overlaps a predetermined period during which the reset signal rises to a maximum voltage and then again rises to a voltage less than the maximum voltage.

Abstract: A method of determining a hemoglobin content value of a red blood cell includes: (a) illuminating the cell with incident light at a plurality of illumination wavelengths; (b) obtaining at least one two-dimensional image of the cell corresponding to each illumination wavelength; (c) for each illumination wavelength, determining a mean optical density and a maximum optical density for the cell; (d) determining an area of the cell; (e) for each illumination wavelength, determining a volume of the cell; (f) for each illumination wavelength, determining an integrated optical density for the cell; and (g) determining the hemoglobin content value of the cell based on the area of the cell, the volumes of the cell corresponding to each of the illumination wavelengths, and the integrated optical densities for the cell corresponding to each of the illumination wavelengths.

Abstract: A compensating DFLL (CDFLL) is disclosed that utilizes temperature readings at regular intervals in combination with production characterization data of a reference oscillator to compensate for frequency drift and nominal frequency error. In some implementations, the CDFLL selects a calibration value that is not optimal for frequency accuracy to minimize accumulated frequency error over time. More particularly, during a calibration run, mismatch between an ideal frequency and an actual frequency is measured, and the measurement is used as a starting point for a next calibration run, such that the accumulated frequency error is averaged almost to zero over time.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for providing image search results with web corpus search results. In one aspect, a method includes determining dimensions of an image display environment in which image search results are to be displayed, determining an insertion score that defines an ordinal insertion position at which the image display environment is to be inserted into a ranking of general search results that defines ordinal positions for each of the general search results, the dimensions and the insertion score determined, in part, from the quality scores of the images, generating a search results resource for displaying the general search results according to their respective ordinal positions and the image display environment at the ordinal insertion position on a client device, and providing the search results resource in response to the search query.

Abstract: A thin film transistor with excellent electric characteristics, a display device having the thin film transistor, and a method for manufacturing the thin film transistor and the display device in a high yield are provided. In the thin film transistor, a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, crystal grains that mainly contain silicon and are provided for a surface of the gate insulating film, a semiconductor film that mainly contains germanium and covers the crystal grains and the gate insulating film, and a buffer layer in contact with the semiconductor film that mainly contains germanium overlap with one another. Further, the display device has the thin film transistor.

Abstract: Thermochemical ablation techniques may provide ablation of bodily tissue using chemical reaction energy.

Abstract: A system method and apparatus to monitor a frictional coefficient of a substrate undergoing polishing is described. A polishing pad assembly includes a polishing layer including a polishing surface, and a substrate contacting member flexibly coupled to the polishing layer having a top surface to contact an exposed surface of a substrate. At least a portion of the top surface is substantially coplanar with the polishing surface. A sensor is provided to measure a lateral displacement of the substrate contacting member. Some embodiments may provide accurate endpoint detection during chemical mechanical polishing to indicate the exposure of an underlying layer.

Abstract: Structures and fabrication processes are described for group III-nitride enhancement mode field effect devices in which a two-dimensional electron gas is present at or near the interface between a pair of active layers that include a group III-nitride barrier layer and a group III-nitride semiconductor layer. The barrier layer has a band gap wider than the band gap of the adjacent underlying semiconductor layer. The two-dimensional electron gas is induced by providing one or more layers disposed over the barrier layer. A gate electrode is in direct contact with the barrier layer. Ohmic contacts for source and drain electrodes are in direct contact either with the barrier layer or with a semiconductor nitride layer disposed over the barrier layer.

Abstract: A solid state light sheet and method of fabricating the sheet are disclosed. In one embodiment, bare LED chips have top and bottom electrodes, where the bottom electrode is a large reflective electrode. The bottom electrodes of an array of LEDs (e.g., 500 LEDs) are bonded to an array of electrodes formed on a flexible bottom substrate. Conductive traces are formed on the bottom substrate connected to the electrodes. A transparent top substrate is then formed over the bottom substrate. Various ways to connect the LEDs in series are described along with many embodiments. In one method, the top substrate contains a conductor pattern that connects to LED electrodes and conductors on the bottom substrate.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a semiconductor device typified by a display device having a favorable display quality, in which parasitic resistance generated in a connection portion between a semiconductor layer and an electrode is suppressed and an adverse effect such as voltage drop, a defect in signal wiring to a pixel, a defect in grayscale, and the like due to wiring resistance are prevented. In order to achieve the above object, a semiconductor device according to the present invention may have a structure where a wiring with low resistance is connected to a thin film transistor in which a source electrode and a drain electrode that include metal with high oxygen affinity are connected to an oxide semiconductor layer with a suppressed impurity concentration. In addition, the thin film transistor including the oxide semiconductor may be surrounded by insulating films to be sealed.

Abstract: Enhancement mode III-nitride devices are described. The 2DEG is depleted in the gate region so that the device is unable to conduct current when no bias is applied at the gate. Both gallium face and nitride face devices formed as enhancement mode devices.

Abstract: A conveying system for conveying material having a tendency to stick, in particular a mobile conveying system for paving material used for constructing road mats has at least one conveying element which is accommodated in a conveying channel. The conveying element is directly or indirectly driven by at least one combustion engine. The conveying system has a primary heating device predominantly for the conveying element and/or the conveying system. Furthermore, the conveying system has at least one secondary heating device for at least partially relieving the primary heating device. The secondary heating device is operated with direct or indirect exit heat of the combustion engine. Alternatively, a combination of a primary heating device and at least one secondary heating device is provided, which secondary heating device is operated with exit heat originating from the combustion engine in order to at least partially relieve the primary heating device.

Abstract: A cafe may include a food purchasing area, a primary dining area, and a primary child play area. The primary child play area may be defined by at least one wall and be surrounded by the primary dining area. The wall(s) may be substantially transparent. Seats may be positioned around the primary child play area to enable parents to view children within the primary child play area. In one embodiment, the wall(s) extend from floor to ceiling. The café may include a classroom in which classes for the children are conducted. Sound absorbent material may be positioned above the primary play area to reduce sound from the primary play area entering the primary dining area.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for evaluating statistical significance using placebo actions. One method includes receiving exposure data and control data describing exposed and control subjects and determining a test statistic for each of a plurality of subject actions including a desired action and a plurality of placebo actions. The test statistic for an action corresponds to an estimated effect that exposure to the treatment has on a likelihood that a subject will take the action. The method further includes comparing the test statistic for the desired action to the test statistics for the plurality of placebo actions, and determining whether the test statistic for the desired action is statistically significant according to the comparison. Another method includes automatically identifying placebo actions using a taxonomy that classifies subject actions or treatments, and determining test statistics for the placebo actions.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel assembly is provided which includes a vehicle frame having a first axle, a wheel assembly having a housing with an aperture engaging the first axle and enabling the wheel assembly to pivot in a first plane about a first axis formed by the first axle. A cylindrical member is carried by the housing of the wheel assembly, the cylindrical member and housing are arranged perpendicular to the first axle. A first wheel is pivotably connected to a first portion of the cylindrical member and a second wheel is pivotably connected to a second portion of the cylindrical member. The first wheel and second wheel independently pivot in a second plane about a second axis formed by the cylindrical member. The first axis is arranged perpendicular to the second axis and the first plane is arranged perpendicular to the second plane.

Abstract: A method for accessing a spinal disc of a lumbar spine of a patient using a surgical access system including a tissue distraction assembly and a tissue retraction assembly. The method can include maintaining an operative corridor along a lateral, trans-psoas path using the retraction assembly.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a method for fabricating a semiconductor device having a peeled layer bonded to a base material with curvature. Particularly, the object is to provide a method for fabricating a display with curvature, more specifically, a light emitting device having an OLED bonded to a base material with curvature. An external force is applied to a support originally having curvature and elasticity, and the support is bonded to a peeled layer formed over a substrate. Then, when the substrate is peeled, the support returns into the original shape by the restoring force, and the peeled layer as well is curved along the shape of the support. Finally, a transfer object originally having curvature is bonded to the peeled layer, and then a device with a desired curvature is completed.