Abstract: A method for the production of 6,6,6-trihalo-3,5-dioxhexanoic acid esters of formula (I): in addition to the enols thereof and <I>E</I> and <I>Z</I> isomers, wherein X independently represents fluorine, chlorine or bromine and R1 represents alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl. A method for the production of enol ethers of formula (Ib): and the enols thereof (E and Z isomers) wherein X and R1 have the above-mentioned meanings.

Abstract: In a process for production of a lid ring (30) which can be connected to the can body, which borders a discharge opening (38) and has a heat-sealable coating (40) on which to form a can lid (50) a closing membrane (44) can be heat-sealed covering the discharge opening (38), a metal strip (12) with parallel side edges (14, 16) is formed into a tube (20) and the side edges (14, 16) are welded or glued parallel to the tube longitudinal axis (x). The tube (20) produced in this way is divided into tube sections (24) of equal length with cut edges (26, 28) lying in parallel planes. The tube sections (24) are formed into lid rings (30) where a first cut edge (26) is formed into an outer rim (32) for connection to a can body and the second cut edge (28) is curled away from the side intended for the heat-sealable coating (40). The heat-sealable coating (40) is applied to the finished molded lid ring.

Abstract: In a process involving at least two film-shaped substrates (44, 46) bonded together by means of at least one adhesive layer containing a catalyst which accelerates hardening of the adhesive, a first substrate (44) is coated with a liquid film comprising three layers viz., two adhesive layers (34, 38) and an intermediate layer (36), which is situated between the adhesive layers (34, 38) and contains a catalyst (37), using liquid film coating in the form of curtain coating or slide-coating and subsequently bonded onto the second substrate (46). The laminate (48) formed may be coated via at least one liquid film coating with a further three layer liquid film comprising two adhesive layers (134, 138) and an intermediate layer (136), which is situated between the adhesive layers (134, 138) and contains a catalyst (137), using curtain coating or slide-coating and subsequently bonded onto at least one additional substrate (50) to form an additional laminate (52).

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a tetrahedral-shaped pouch (100 from a flexible strip of film material is such that a tube (13) is formed from a strip (32) in a continuous manner involving the creation of a longitudinal sealing seam (12), and a tetrahedral shaped pouch (10) is formed from the tube (13) by means of alternating forming a first transverse sealing seam (14) running transverse to the longitudinal seam (12) and second transverse sealing seam (16) running essentially perpendicular to and a distance from the first transverse seam (14), whereby the second transverse seams (16) are situated in the region of a tetrahedral corner (18) of the pouch (10), such that an essentially tube outlet part (20) for pouring that is closed as its free end (22) is formed projecting out from the pouch (10).

Abstract: N-Aryl or N-heteroarylformamides are prepared by hydrogenating a corresponding nitroarene or nitroheteroarene with formic acid and/or ammonium formate as hydrogen donor and formylating agent in the presence of at least one noble metal-based hydrogenation catalyst and a vanadium or molybdenum compound as co-catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing, from at least one hygroscopic substance, mixtures that can be granulated and that have little hygroscopicity. The corresponding mixtures, especially carnitine-magnesium citrate and carnitine-magnesium hydroxycitrate, are produced.

Abstract: Packaging for receiving liquid, pasty, powdery, granular or solid material having tear-open means and sealed edges and made of a foil-shaped composite material. The foil-shaped composite material has multiple layers. At least one layer of the composite material does not have weakened areas. At least one layer of the composite material has weakened areas located in the packaging at least partly in the area of the filling space. The weakened areas are preferably a plurality of parallel individual cuts.

Abstract: The process of treating sea algae/halophytes. The sea algae/halophyte in an aqueous solution containing an acid is soaked for a sufficient length of time to substantially reduce the mineral content of the sea algae/halophyte. The initial mineral content is expressed on the basis of the total ash content of the untreated sea algae/halophyte in the dried state. The soak-treated sea algae is separated from the aqueous solution. The separated sea algae/halophyte can be dried to provide a dried sea algae/halophyte product having substantially reduced mineral content and increased nutritional value.

Abstract: A weather and corrosion-resistant reflector with high overall reflection in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges. The reflector contains a reflector body with a reflection surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy or a reflector body with a reflection coating of an aluminum or aluminum alloy. The reflector also contains an outer, final transparent protective layer of a sol-gel coating which is thicker than 1 ?m. The transparent sol-gel coating is a polymer of cross-linked inorganic siloxanes with alcohol groups that are bonded to the silicon with a carbon bond. The sol-gel coating is produced in a sol-gel process and, after having been applied to the reflector body, is dried and hardened using heat. The protective layer has excellent resistance to weather, corrosion and abrasion.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a, tetrahedral-shaped pouch (100 from a flexible strip of film material is such that a tube (13) is formed from a strip (32) in a continuous manner involving the creation of a longitudinal sealing seam (12), and the tetrahedral shaped pouch (10) is formed from the tube (13) by means of alternatingly forming a first transverse sealing seam (14) running transverse to the longitudinal seam (12) and second transverse sealing seam (16) running essentially perpendicular to and a distance from the first transverse seam (14), whereby the second transverse seams (16) are situated in the region of a tetrahedral corner (18) of the pouch (10), such that an essentially tube outlet part (20) for pouring that is closed at its free end (22) is formed projecting out from the pouch (10).

Abstract: A water based intercoat coating composition containing (A) a polyester resin comprising, as essential components, an alicyclic polybasic acid (a1) and/or an alicyclic polyhydric alcohol (a2), other polybasic acid (a3) and other polyhydric alcohol (a4), (B) a crosslinking agent, and (C) a water based urethane resin emulsion.

Abstract: Cyanoacetamides of the formula: and corresponding salts thereof; N?-(cyanoacetyl)-L-histidines, of the formula: and salts, tautomers and esters thereof; and N?-(cyanoacetyl)-3-methyl-L-histidines of the formula: and salts and esters thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation, of (pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl ketones of the general formula (I), in which R1 is in each case a C1-10-alkyl group, a C3-8-cycloalkyl group, an allyl group or an aryl-C1-4-alkyl group, and R2 is a C1-10-alkyl group or aryl group. For this, a malondiimidate of the general formula (II), in which R1 has the meaning given above, is reacted with a ?-keto ester of the general formula (III), in which R2 has the meaning given above, and R3 is a C1-10-alkyl group. The compounds which can be prepared according to the invention are intermediates for the synthesis of agrochemical active ingredients.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a flexible packaging material from a single or multi-layer film or film-type laminate containing a sealing layer of powder-type starting material deposited on at least one free surface of the film or film-type laminate. The sealing layer is deposited locally, i.e., over only those parts of the surface to be sealed, and the deposition of the sealing layer takes place by an electrostatic coating process in which coating particles are electrostatically charged and transferred to the film surface to be coated by applying an electric field, and melted and/or hardened to give a coating film in the form of a sealing layer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)propan-2-ones of general formula (I), in which R is in each case a C1-10-alkyl group, a C3-8-cycloalkyl group, an alkyl group or an aryl-C1-4-alkyl group. For this, a malondiimidate of the general formula (II), in which R has the meaning given above, is reacted with diketene. The compounds which can be prepared according to the invention are intermediates for the synthesis of agrochemical active ingredients.

Abstract: A starting product for the preparation of COX-2 inhibitors, notably the compound 1-(6-methylpyridine-3-yl)-2-[(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethanone of the formula (I): A method for making the compound.

Abstract: Packaging for receiving liquid, pasty, powdery, granular or solid material having tear-open means and sealed edges and made of a foil-shaped composite material. The foil-shaped composite material has multiple layers. At least one layer of the composite material does not have weakened areas. At least one layer of the composite material has weakened areas located in the packaging at least partly in the area of the filling space. The weakened areas are preferably a series of cuts or a plurality of parallel individual cuts.

Abstract: A multi-layer electrodeposition coating film-forming method which comprises subjecting a cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing at least two emulsions to an electrodeposition coating, said cationic electrodeposition coating composition being such that a difference in an electrical quantity (a) required for deposition starting between a first coating composition comprising a first emulsion and a second coating composition comprising a second emulsion in two emulsions selected from the at least two emulsions is in the range of 50 to 400 C/m2.

Abstract: A process for the production of acetylopyridines of the formula (1): by reacting a pyridinecarboxylic ester of the formula (II): wherein R1 is C1-6-alkyl, with acetic acid in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst. The active material of the catalyst is titanium dioxide and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal oxide, and it is supported on an alumina-silica support having an apparent porosity of at least 50 percent. The process has the advantage of producing only small amounts of by-products (e.g, pyidine).

Abstract: Reflectors, for example, for lamps used for technical lighting purposes, having a surface which is resistant to mechanical and chemical attack and has high total reflectivity. The body (10) of the reflector, which is, for example, a rolled aluminum product such as a foil, a strip of a sheet, has a surface layer in the form of a layer system containing (a) a pretreatment layer (11), onto which is deposited (b) a functional layer (12) with silanes, having organo-functional groups, of a metal compound, and onto which is deposited (c) a metal-containing reflective layer (13). Layer (a) is deposited on the reflector body and increases the strength of bonding to the above lying layers (a) and (b). Layer (b) effects a flattening and increase in the mechanical strength of the above lying layer (c). The pretreatment layer can be a layer produced by anodic oxidation. The functional layer (b) can be a sol-gel layer.