Abstract: A method and apparatus for remotely generating pressure signals in a fluid stream for telemetry purposes with minimal insertion loss and susceptibility to blocking flow of the fluid stream by providing a straight through acceleration path for the fluid stream followed by a straight through diffusion path, wherein pressure pulses representing data are generated by turbulence resulting from periodic disturbances made in the diffusion path.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for alkylating a volatile aromatic compound with a light aliphatic mono-olefinic alkylating agent and concurrently condensing the alkylating agent in the presence of a solid alkylation- and condensation-promoting catalyst and at a temperature of at least the critical temperature of the reactant mixture and at a total pressure that is above the critical pressure of the reactant mixture.

Abstract: Leakage in a heat exchanger between two liquids which are in indirect heat exchange relationship is detected by marking one of the two liquids with a colorless chemical marker and detecting it in the second liquid by extraction and conversion to a colored material. The heat exchanger liquids are preferably organic liquids which are immiscible with water. The marker is detected in a heat exchanger liquid by extraction of the marker followed by chemical conversion of the marker to a colored material that can be detected visually. Aminoalkylnaphthalenes are suitable markers which can be extracted by an acidic aqueous solution and converted to a colored material by reaction with a diazotized aromatic amine. Phenylazoalkylphenol derivatives are also suitable markers which can be extracted and simultaneously converted to a colored material with a detection reagent which is comprised of water and a water-soluble amine.

Abstract: A process for cooling unreacted hydrocarbon substrate that is recycled to an alkylation reactor and for minimizing the concentration of lower boiling hydrocarbons in such recycle.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the separation and recovery of an unsaturated hydrocarbon from its mixture with at least one other material by the selective and reversible complexation of the unsaturated hydrocarbon using a single cubane-type cluster of palladium, molybdenum and sulfur as a complexation agent.

Abstract: A method for tagging hydrocarbons and for detecting the presence of tagged hydrocarbons in a hydrocarbon mixture. The method can be utilized to tag gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, lubricating oil or crude petroleum. The hydrocarbon to be tagged is blended with a relatively small amount of a fluorescent dye. The presence of the tagged hydrocarbon is subsequently determined by exciting the dye to fluoresce at wavelengths in the higher portion of the visible spectral region or the lower portion of the near infrared spectral region.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for promoting annularly uniform flow in a reaction space of a mixed phase reactor. The apparatus defines ports which face a shared direction relative to the axis. The apparatus is useful in a process, also described, in which fluid emerging from the ports creates a turning moment which rotates fluid in a plenum adjacent the reaction space.

Abstract: A method for tagging hydrocarbons and for detecting the presence of tagged hydrocarbons in a hydrocarbon mixture. The method can be utilized to tag gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, lubricating oil or crude petroleum. The hydrocarbon to be tagged is blended with a relatively small amount of a fluorescent dye. The presence of the tagged hydrocarbon is subsequently determined by exciting the dye to fluoresce at wavelengths in the higher portion of the visible spectral region or the lower portion of the near infrared spectral region.

Abstract: High quality, stable photovoltaic and electronic amorphous silicon devices which effectively resist light-induced degradation and current-induced degradation, are produced by a special plasma deposition process. Powerful, efficient single and multi-junction solar cells with high open circuit voltages and fill factors and with wider bandgaps, can be economically fabricated by the special plasma deposition process. The preferred process includes relatively low temperature, high pressure, glow discharge of silane in the presence of a high concentration of hydrogen gas.

Abstract: DNA segments encoding the Erwinia herbicola enzymes geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthase and phytoene synthase, vectors containing those DNA segments, host cells containing the vectors and methods for producing those enzymes and phytoene by recombinant DNA technology in transformed host organisms are disclosed.

Abstract: DNA segments encoding the Erwinia enzymes geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthase, phytoene synthase and phytoene dehydrogenase-4H, vectors containing those DNA segments, host cells containing the vectors and methods for producing those enzymes and lycopene by recombinant DNA technology in transformed host organisms are disclosed.

Abstract: DNA segments encoding the Erwinia herbicola enzymes geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthase, phytoene synthase, phytoene dehydrogenase-4H and lycopene cyclase, vectors containing those DNA segments, host cells containing the vectors and methods for producing those enzymes and beta-carotene by recombinant DNA technology in transformed host organisms are disclosed.

Abstract: A process is provided for separating alkyl carbonate from a feedstock comprising at least one alkyl carbonate and at least one alkanol comprising extracting the alkyl carbonate from the feedstock in a liquid-liquid extraction step comprising a first extraction solvent comprising hydrocarbon selective for extracting alkyl carbonates relative to alkanol in an amount sufficient to extract a substantial portion of the alkyl carbonate from the feedstock and a second solvent comprising water in an amount sufficient to extract a substantial portion of the alkanol from the feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention is a cyclization process utilizing the catalyst copper aluminum borate which process comprises the step of contacting (1) a compound having a fragment in which a carbon-containing chain of at least three atoms in sequence is bonded at one end thereof to a nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom, and at the opposite end to a carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom, where the latter are bonded to at least one hydrogen atom; with (2) a catalyst comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of copper aluminum borate and zero valent copper on a support comprising aluminum borate, under conditions sufficient to effect ring closure between the ends of the fragment to obtain a compound comprising a heterocyclic ring.

Abstract: This invention pertains to novel copolyesters consisting essentially of units (I), (II), (III), and (IV). ##STR1## and blends of these polymers and articles made from both. Units (I), (II), (III), and (IV) are present in specified proportions as defined in the "Description of the Invention."The instant copolyesters display orientation in the molten state, good fiber ratings and high strength; they have melting points in the range of from about 340.degree. to about 400.degree. C. and are melt-processible. Advantageously, these compositions filled with about 30 weight percent of glass fibers display heat distortion temperatures of over 240.degree. C. up to about 280.degree. C. and higher, when measured under a load of 264 psi. When blended, certain properties are improved, particularly they are easier to melt fabricate, have a decreased tendency to blister and increased strength.

Abstract: A membrane of an oxidative conversion contact material of a mixed oxide of aluminum and at least one multivalent activator metal with the membrane permitting selective conveyance of a form of oxygen therethrough, as well as methods for the oxidative conversion of a gaseous hydrocarbon reactant using such membranes are provided.

Abstract: A method which combines fluid drive and gravity drainage to produce hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation comprises injecting a fluid through at least two upper horizontal wells out into the formation for moving hydrocarbons from the formation into at least one lower horizontal well through which the hydrocarbons are produced, wherein each lower horizontal well is spaced laterally and vertically below and between two respective upper horizontal wells; and producing hydrocarbons through the at least one lower horizontal well at a cumulative rate faster than the cumulative rate of the fluid injected into the upper horizontal wells. The method further comprises injecting a fluid and producing hydrocarbons as just described but with additional upper and lower horizontal wells longitudinally spaced from the first-mentioned upper and lower horizontal wells so that each of the lower horizontal wells operates as a discrete production well.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for obtaining an estimate of the shear velocity in a formation material. Utilizing compressional velocity (V.sub.p) and density (.rho.) of the formation material, formation aggregate mineral parameters and formation pore fluid parameters together with a relationship that the frame bulk modulus/frame shear modulus is approximately equal to the bulk modulus of the aggregate mineral grains/shear modulus of the aggregate mineral grains, to obtain an estimate of the shear wave velocity (V.sub.s) of the formation material. The present invention is primarily designed for use in the areas where shear wave velocity (V.sub.s) measurements are unobtainable due to unconsolidated formations, and specifically, wherein the acoustic velocity of formation fluids and/or wellbore fluids is greater than the desired shear wave velocity.

Abstract: The preparation, structure, and properties of solid inorganic materials containing aluminum, boron, oxygen and at least one Group VIII metallo element, selected from the group consisting of cobalt and nickel is described. Also described is the use of such materials in catalytic compositions for the conversion of organic compounds. In particular, the new materials having the general formula:(x)(M.sub.m :M'.sub.n)O.(y)Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.(z)B.sub.2 O.sub.