Abstract: It has been suggested that synthetic multifilamentary yarns can be produced by melt-spinning a polyamide or polyester polymer under conditions of substantially simultaneous spinning and drawing wherein prior to said drawing the filaments of the fiber are lubricated with a spin finish by surface contact with a lube roll surface of not less than about 90 RMS. However, in commercial operation of the process at high throughput rates of 50 pounds per hour or greater through the spinneret, serious problems have been encountered due to "flicking" or momentary slackness of one or more filaments from the main yarn bundle above the lube roll, which flicking results in production of yarn of relatively poor quality. It has now been found that the occurrence of said flicking of the filaments can be greatly reduced by applying the spin finish from a convergence guide having a yarn-lubricating surface of not less than about 10 RMS and means for distributing a film of lubricant over said surface.

Abstract: A flame-retardant, pile carpet having a relatively pliable primary backing and a tufted surface, said surface being comprised of fibers selected from the group consisting of polyester and polyamide fibers having incorporated therein from 1 to 15 percent by weight of a zinc compound selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide, said fibers being bonded to said backing with a bonding substance comprising an ethylene-vinyl chloride latex material and a hydrate material selected from the group consisting of aluminum hydroxide and hydrated aluminum oxide, the ratio by weight of said latex material to said hydrate material being within the range 1:2 to 1:4.5.

Abstract: A water-wettable wax composition comprising a particulate hydrocarbon wax and an emulsifier which is (a) a hydrophilic oil-in-water emulsifier having an HLB of from about 10 to about 20, or (b) mixtures of said hydrophilic oil-in-water emulsifier with a lipophilic emulsifier, wherein there is sufficient hydrophilic emulsifier present to render the overall mixture hydrophilic, said particulate hydrocarbon wax having a particle size of about 1 to 5 microns, the emulsifier being uniformly dispersed in the wax particles.. This wax composition forms a homogeneous water suspension suitable for imparting lubricity.

Abstract: A process for preparing an improved urea-formaldehyde concentrate particularly adapted for production of slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers. The improvement is achieved by accurately controlling the buffer strength and the degree of polymerization of the urea-formaldehyde concentrate within specified critical limits. The process can be operated to also produce a different urea-formaldehyde concentrate suitable for use in adhesives.

Abstract: An improved polyethylene terephthalate tire yarn is prepared by applying to the yarn a finish composition consisting essentially of a polyalkylene glycol compound having the formulaR--(O--R.sub.1 --O-- R.sub.2 ).sub.n --OHin which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different lower alkylene units such as ethylene, propylene and so forth up to 5 carbon atoms, R is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and n has a value to produce a molecular weight of at least about 300. Preferably, the yarn is thereafter heated for 10 to 160 seconds at a temperature of from about 215.degree. to 230.degree.C. This method of finishing the tire yarn results in an improved compression-extension durability of the fiber in rubber.

Abstract: An improved polyethylene terephthalate tire yarn is prepared by applying to the yarn a finish composition comprising a polyalkylene glycol compound having the formulaR--(O--R.sub.1 --O--R.sub.2).sub.n --OHin which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different lower alkylene units such as ethylene, propylene and so forth up to 5 carbon atoms, R is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and n has a value to produce a molecular weight of at least about 300; and about 5 to 35 parts per 100 parts, by weight, of said polyalkylene glycol compound of a triol compound having the formula: ##EQU1## WHEREIN R and R' are independently at each occurrence hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and r, s, and t are integers from 1 to about 20. This method of finishing the tire yarn results in an improved adhesion of the fiber to rubber.

Abstract: A spin pack assembly for the extrusion of synthetic filaments. Novel features are the polymer flow channels of the breaker plate and spinneret plate which comprise a capillary with open ends, the entrance ends of the breaker plate and spinneret plate and the exit end of the breaker plate defining, respectively, enlarged inlets and outlets, the walls of which intersect with adjacent walls to form a closed, interlocking network of ridges on the top surfaces of the breaker plate and spinneret plate and on the bottom surface of the breaker plate, so as to eliminate areas of low or zero velocity flow of polymer and to reduce pressure differences in polymer in the breaker plate-spinneret plate area.

Abstract: Ammonium polyphosphates having a major portion of the P.sub.2 O.sub.5 content thereof in the form of condensed phosphates are prepared by reacting wet-process phosphoric acid directly with ammonia under specified conditions. It is demonstrated that exchange and recovery of heat from the hot ammonium polyphosphate reaction mixture is critical to allow production of ammonium polyphosphate solutions from orthophosphoric acid and ammonia with polyphosphate contents high enough for chelating inherent impurities during extended periods of storage. Moreover, the present invention avoids substantial corrosion of the equipment.

Abstract: A process for producing a relatively high yield of pure decachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta(c,d)-pentalen-2-one (C.sub.10 Cl.sub.10 O) having high purity. In particular, the C.sub.10 Cl.sub.10 O is produced without formation of toxic waste streams by condensing two molecules of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with the aid of excess sulfur trioxide in the presence of a catalytic quantity of an antimony compound at a temperature within the range 95.degree.-120.degree.C. and at superatmospheric pressure to form a reaction product and hydrolyzing the reaction product. The hydrolysis is carried out in aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of at least about 9, and at a temperature within the range 85.degree.-115.degree.C. The resulting hydrolysis mixture is acidified to a pH 5-6, preferably 5.4-5.6, to precipitate crystalline product which is filtered, washed and dried. The product C.sub.10 Cl.sub.10 O is an effective insecticide with low toxicity to animals and human beings at prescribed dosages.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus for production of synthetic multifilamentary yarns having uniform quality. The method comprises extruding a molten synthetic polymer downwardly through a spinneret, advancing the extruded filaments downwardly through a substantially stationary column of heated air, and subsequently advancing the filaments downwardly through a quenching zone wherein they are in contact with cooling air introduced into the path of the filaments under controlled conditions of air velocity and direction of flow.

Abstract: A stable ammonium polyphosphate fertilizer solution having a relatively high amount of magnesium is prepared by mixing aqueous ammonia with wet-process superphosphoric acid in a reaction zone to give a P.sub.2 O.sub.5 /N weight ratio within the range 3.6-4.0. The temperature of the reaction mixture is preferably maintained at about 50.degree.-70.degree.C. but the product solution should be cooled to about 25.degree.-35.degree.C. prior to storage. The product solution shows relatively low corrosion toward carbon steel storage tanks; however, to further reduce corrosion, the solution is preferably stored under a layer of liquid paraffin hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Corrosion of carbon steel by an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and urea is inhibited by incorporating therein an effective amount of ammonium thiosulfate. The solution is particularly useful in correcting zinc deficiencies in plants when applied as a foliar spray.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for off-line testing and correcting the metering accuracy of a split multihole spinneret fed by a single metered stream by determining end to end variations in flow rate and by reworking a number of holes in the lower flow rate side of the split spinneret, calculated by multiplying the average test percent bias of the split spinneret by a predetermined constant, so as to bring end to end variations in flow rate to within a required accuracy.