Abstract: Electronic circuit having a digital controller operation of a synchronous motor.Precision motors for driving, for example, a video head drum in video recorders are normally designed as externally commutated synchronous motors. These motors are driven with square-wave voltages by a digital controller (CON), whose circuitry can easily be implemented.The object of the present invention is to specify an electronic circuit of the type mentioned initially for controlling a synchronous motor, which enables good synchronism and the motor to be operated with little electrical noise.This object is achieved in that the synchronous motor is driven by sinusoidal signals, a separate control signal from the controller (CON) influencing the amplitudes of the drive signals (U1, V1, W1). A regulating signal for regulating the synchronous motor is produced by a sensor (GE) which is arranged on the synchronous motor, which regulating signal produces a fixed phase relationship between rotor revolution and drive signals.

Abstract: A control unit, stores addresses of a write pointer of a buffer in the case of the last valid subcode information and starts with a synchronization byte following an interruption. The synchronization byte is provided for the synchronization of the data stream in the buffer, an item of address information which identifies the interruption location in the data stream, the starting point of the synchronization being formed by a valid subcode, the address information being used as a reference both for the location of the interruption on the information medium and for the last valid data in the buffer and the writing in the buffer. This is done so that uninterrupted reproduction of information is provided despite vibrations in the playback device.

Abstract: In order to produce synchronous control signals of a video recorder, in particular of a digital video recorder, a position pulse of the scanner motor, which coincides with the beginning of the video frame, is used as time zero point. Time markers in which changes in the control signals take place are calculated starting from this time zero point. These time markers and the bit patterns occurring at these time markers are stored as data words in a data field and, for corresponding time markers, the corresponding data word is output in parallel, that is to say synchronously. A realization is possible by means of a microcontroller and a controllable output memory, the microcontroller containing the functions of capture register, timer, calculation unit and comparator.

Abstract: A circuit presented automatically controls sound level. Sudden peak signal levels are controlled with a fast time constant of response and the overall sound level is controlled with a slower time constant of response. The feature can be enabled or disabled by the user via a microprocessor responsive to a remote control.

Abstract: A process for differential coding of a motion vector associated with a macro-block, including the steps: of determining the components of the said motion vector, of determining a prediction vector, each component of which is equal to the median value of the corresponding components of at least three candidate motion vectors, a candidate motion vector being a vector associated with a previously coded macro-block, and of subtracting the components thus obtained from the components of the vector to be coded. Implementation of the process is included.

Abstract: A device for reproducing a stereoscopic image viewable within an increased observation area, the device including an image display device which displays a plurality of images of an object pixel by pixel from various perspectives, a polarization arrangement for producing a first polarized image associated with a right eye and a second polarized image associated with a left eye of an observer, a lens network spaced directly after the polarization arrangement which directs beams associated with each of the left and right polarized images to the respective left and right eye for representing the object pixel by pixel for observing the stereoscopic image, wherein the lens network and polarization arrangement are arranged such that the stereoscopic image can be perceived in a first region of the observation area without polarized spectacles, and in a second region outside the first region of the observation area, by means of polarized spectacles over the left and right eyes.

Abstract: A line deflection circuit for a television receiver or a switched-mode power supply operate with a switching transistor that is connected in series with the primary winding of a transformer and is periodically switched on and off by a switching voltage. In such a circuit, appreciable turn-on and turn-off losses, which reduce the overall efficiency of the circuit, are produced at the switching transistor, particularly at higher operating frequencies. Within a control circuit a DC voltage source is connected to the base of the switching transistor via a periodically actuated switch element and a coil having a core and a tap. The two parts of the coil are wound in opposite senses, and the tap is connected via a diode to ground or to the emitter of the switching transistor.

Abstract: A feeder for a microwave antenna system which can be integrated together with electronic circuitry on a common circuit board. A slot antenna, preferably shaped as an annular slot, is provided on the circuit board, and can be etched on the backside of the circuit board, which is normally a ground plate. The antenna system can be used for reception of DBS signals.

Abstract: A cassette drive mechanism for cassettes wherein cassettes can be played back which have different sizes and for which different tape drive systems are otherwise required. By placing the different cassettes into a common cassette receiving device, the adaptation of the drive and tape scanning systems is automatically carried out at the side of the drive mechanism.

Abstract: A system relates to a process for correcting the estimation of movement in frames including periodic structures in a system for determining movement vectors by comparison of blocks of frames, an error matrix being associated with each block. The process is characterized in that it includes the stages of determining adjacent periodic blocks and of selecting a single movement vector for all of these blocks. The process applies, in particular, in the sphere of television.

Abstract: A multiplying amplifier which is controlled in a dB linear manner. Transistors, having a numerical distribution coeffient and having the output voltage to be dB-linearly dependent responsive to a control voltage, are connected to the inputs of a muliplier.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for recording a digital signal wherein the recording rate is higher than the available data rate. In such a situation, the available excess recording capability is used for extending the playing time by the existing storage capacity of a magnetic tape is better utilized. In the present embodiment, playback time is increased by use of a constant tape transport speed with part-segmented helical track recording and a bidirectional recording operation during recording and replay.

Abstract: The process comprises a "pledging" step in which a debtor party transmits to a creditor party a data item which is the image of a pledged data item, and a "commencement" step in which the debtor party transmits the plain pledged data item to the creditor party who can verify pledge consistency. In the pledging step, the debtor party produces a seed applied to a pseudo-random generator to produce a pseudo-random word, combines this pseudo-random word in a one-to-one and reversible manner with the pledged data item to produce a checkword, and transmits the checkword to the creditor party. In the commencement step, the debtor party transmits to the creditor party the seed together with the plain pledged data item.

Abstract: A method of processing data in matrix arrays in a motion estimation system is characterized in that each array (803, 804) performing a calculation of distortion (Err) for a block of pixels (1, 2) of a current image, at least two arrays (803, 804) being arranged in series performing the calculations for at least two adjacent blocks (1, 2) of the said current image, the reference window corresponding to the entirety of these blocks being introduced in bands of pixels into the first of the said arrays (803) and propagating from array to array in the said series of arrays, the allocation of the blocks (1, 2) to the arrays and the direction of introduction of the band into the arrays being such that the last part (c, respectively A) of the band introduced into the array corresponds to a part of the window of the block (2, respectively 1) allocated to the first of the arrays (803).

Abstract: A private stereoscopic display is provided which has only one stereoscopic viewing position and does not show pseudoscopic images in areas outside the viewing position. On top of the display there is provided a first lenticular lens sheet followed by a prism array sheet and in general by a second lenticular lens sheet. Lens stripes are provided for rows of pixels, consisting normally of two rows of pixels for the left and right image. Two separate side lobes of the light rays generated by the first lenticular lens sheet. The individual lens pixel array arrangement are separated by barriers from each other. Because of those barriers only the main lobe of the light emating from the display is maintained, so that because of the prism array sheet and the second lenticular lens sheet main lobes for the left image are focused in a left image viewing point, whereas main lobes for the right image are focused in a right image viewing point.

Abstract: An arrangement for reducing interference in tuned circuits in integrated circuits as a result of the reception and transmission of high frequencies. An external tuned circuit is integrated in the integrated circuit and the interference which is otherwise produced by the connecting pins is eliminated.

Abstract: Many devices (in particular white goods or brown goods) in a household may contain a clock. Some systems allow connection of such devices and their related clocks to a common bus or network. The commands for controlling the clocks are in general limited to reading or writing a given time or to broadcasting the time of a given clock to one dedicated device or to the entire system or to a part of the system. In such known systems it is not specified in which manner a clock should react if it receives the time broadcast by another clock. It is possible to initialize all clocks to a given time, but due to tolerances in the different clocks, so achieved synchronization will not be maintained. Regular broadcasting by a special device master clock has the disadvantage of introducing one device with different capabilities. In case there are several master clocks, conflicts may occur and the advantages of a high precision clock will fade away if a lower precision master clock overrides it.

Abstract: Control circuit for producing output voltages from a plurality of sensor signals, wherein each of the sensor signals are identical and mutually phase shifted. The control circuit comprises a plurality of comparators for producing the output voltages, wherein each comparator is respectively supplied with one of the sensor signals and with an amount of hysteresis which depends on the amplitude of one or more of the respective other sensor signals. The control circuit further comprises electronic circuitry for deriving the respective amount of comparator hysteresis for each of the comparators from the amplitude of one or more of the respective other sensor signals.

Abstract: A high-voltage transformer for a television receiver is known to be tuned to a specific harmonic of the frequency of the flyback oscillation in order to reduce the internal resistance of the high-voltage source. In certain cases such as, for example, a channel change, a particularly high beam current of the order of magnitude of 3 to 5 mA briefly occurs. As a result of such a current surge, overshoots are produced at the transformer which may increase the flyback voltage at the switching transistor by approximately 150 V and thus endanger the transistor. The object is to design the transformer in such a way that overshoots of this type are reduced. According to the invention, the number of partial windings (W2-W5) is greater than the number of diodes (3-5), and separate partial windings (W2-W5) are tuned to different harmonics. This tuning causes the quality factor to be reduced and the attenuation and the bandwidth to be increased in the system.

Abstract: For motion compensated interpolation (MCI) with sub-pixel accuracy, the missing pixels need to be interpolated prior to the motion compensation. The required pixel values are stored using line and pixel delays. A switch matrix selects, in response to a motion vector, such stored pixels which are currently needed for the processing. In order to avoid sub-pixel MCI, the interpolation is carried out prior to the motion compensation. In order to avoid an increased input data rate of the motion compensation circuitry, only a standard switch matrix is used. A special arrangement of delays storing pixel values needed for the processing is used to extend the standard delay array. Because an increased number of pixels is involved, an improved sub-pixel MCI can be achieved. This is because such a delay extension does not significantly affect the decoded picture quality even if adjacent motion vectors do not exactly match the current motion vector.