Abstract: This is invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (A) an hydrocarbyl phosphite, wherein each hydrocarbyl group is saturated and independently contains from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, (B) an organic polysulfide, and (C) (i) a borated overbased metal salt of an acidic organic compound, (ii) a combination of a borated dispersant and a phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure agent selected from the group consisting of a phosphoric acid ester or salt thereof, a lower alkyl phosphite, and a phosphorus-containing carboxylic acid, ester, ether, or amide, or (iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii). These compositions provide improved frictional properties to lubricating composition while maintaining the extreme pressure protection of the lubricant. The lubricating compositions have good thermal stability.

Abstract: An apparatus for metering fluids is disclosed which comprises: a solid block having within the block a first fluid inlet; a filter assembly; a first fluid outlet; a first channel connecting the first fluid inlet to the filter assembly, and further connecting the filter assembly to the first fluid outlet; a second fluid inlet; a check valve assembly; a second fluid outlet; a second channel connecting the second fluid inlet to the check valve assembly, and further connecting the check valve assembly to the second fluid outlet; and a fluid meter connected between the first fluid outlet and the second fluid inlet.

Abstract: A non-explosive water in oil emulsion fertilizer composition comprising: a discontinuous aqueous phase comprising at least one fertilizer component; a continuous oil phase; an emulsifier comprising the reaction product of at least one succinic acylating agent and at least one co-reactant selected from the group consisting of: primary alkanol amines, secondary alkanol amines, tertiary alkanol amines, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, poly-amines, alcohols, polyols, and phenols is disclosed. The ferilizer compositions provide for delayed release of the fertilizer components.

Abstract: A metal salt or boron compound of a hydrocarbyl-substituted aromatic hydroxy compound having at least two hydroxy-substituted aromatic rings bridged by sulfur, where at least one aromatic ring bears a substituent ortho to a hydroxy group, provides a useful lubricant additive. The substituent on the aromatic ring is an .alpha.-hydroxy aliphatic hydrocarbyl group or a --C(O)R.sup.2 group, where R.sup.2 is hydrogen or aliphatic hydrocarbyl. Preferred salts are magnesium.

Abstract: A non-explosive water in oil emulsion fertilizer composition is provided which comprises:a discontinuous aqueous phase comprising at least one fertilizer component;a continuous oil phase;an emulsifier comprising the reaction product of at least one hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride acylating agent and at least one tertiary alkanol amine.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid is prepared from a hydrophobic liquid medium and a dispersed particulate phase of (i) a polar solid material which is capable of exhibiting electrorheological activity in the presence of a low molecular weight polar material and (ii) a non-cellulosic polymeric material having a solubility parameter of about 15 to about 50 (MPa).sup.1/2 and exhibiting substantially no electrorheological activity in the absence of a low molecular weight polar material. The fluid optionally contains a low molecular weight polar activator. The fluid has good electrorheological performance over a broad temperature range.

Abstract: Electrorheological fluids which exhibit good high temperature performance are made using as the disperse phase a salt of a polymer of an alkenyl substituted aromatic comonomer such as styrene and a maleic acid comonomer or derivative thereof.

Abstract: Ceramic-containing engines are lubricated by compositions containing synthetic ester base stock. Suitable esters include those prepared from iso- and neo-acids of medium chain length and polyols including inositol.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid having good shear stress and improved (reduced) conductivity comprises a hydrophobic liquid phase and, dispersed therein, electrorheologically active particles of a core particle with a coating of at least one polysaccharide which is dispersible in a protic medium.

Abstract: Non-aqueous electrorheological fluids are described which comprise a major amount of a hydrophobic liquid phase and a minor amount of a dispersed particulate phase of a polyaniline prepared by polymerizing aniline in the presence of an oxidizing agent and from about 0.1 to about 1.6 moles of an acid per mole of aniline to form an acid salt of polyaniline, and thereafter treating the acid salt with a base. The polyanilines may be prepared from aniline or from mixtures of aniline and other monomers such as pyrroles, vinyl pyridines, vinyl pyrrolidones, thiophenes, vinylidene halides, phenothiazines, imidazolines, N-phenyl-p-phenylene diamines or mixtures thereof. The electrorheological fluids prepared in accordance with the present invention are useful in a variety of applications including flotational coupling devices such as clutches for automobiles or industrial motors, transmissions, brakes or tension control devices; and linear damping devices such as shock absorbers, engine mounts and hydraulic actuators.

Abstract: Non-aqueous electrorheological fluids are described which comprise a major amount of a hydrophobic liquid phase and a minor amount of a dispersed particulate phase comprising conductive polymers selected from the group consisting of polypyrroles, polyphenylenes, polyacetylenes, polyvinylpyridines, polyvinylpyrrolidones, poly(substituted anilines), polyvinylidene halides, polyphenothiazines and polyimidazoles. The electrorheological fluids prepared in accordance with the present invention are useful in a variety of applications including flotational coupling devices such as clutches for automobiles or industrial motors, transmissions, brakes or tension control devices; and linear damping devices such as shock absorbers, engine mounts and hydraulic actuators.

Abstract: Electrorheological fluids of a hydrophobic liquid phase and, dispersed therein, electrorheologically active particles comprising a core particle and a coating of a metal carbonate, sulfate, thiosulfate, or sulfite exhibit reduced electrical conductivity compared with similar fluids containing uncoated particles.

Abstract: Aqueous oil-in-water emulsion functional fluid comprising:water, an oil and an emulsifying quantity of a salt composition comprising:(A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (A)(I) having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of from about 20 to about 200 carbon atoms, and (A)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;(B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of up 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and/or at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; said components (A) and (B) being coupled together by(c) at least one compound having (i) two or more primary

Abstract: An industrial lubricant composition is described that comprises (A) at least one vegetable or synthetic triglyceride oil of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups having at least 60 percent monounsaturated character and containing from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms further wherein an oleic acid moiety:linoleic acid moiety is from about 2 up to about 90 and(B) at least one pour point depressant. Optionally, the composition may also contain(C) a performance additive and(D) an oil.

Abstract: It has been found that a composition comprising an alkoxy alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, a liquid petroleum distillate, a liquid fatty acid, a volatile nitrogen base, polyisobutenyl aminoethylethanolamine, and water may be used as an engine deposit cleaner which removes air and fuel induction system deposits, valve deposits, and combustion chamber deposits. The inventive composition may be introduced into the engine in lieu of fuel, or in conjunction with fuel while the engine is operating.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a novel salt composition comprising: (A) at least one salt moiety derived from (A)(I) at least one high-molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acylating agent, said hydrocarbyl-substituent of said acylating agent (A)(I) having a number average molecular weight of at least about 280, and (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; (B) at least one salt moiety derived from (B)(I) at least one low-molecular weight polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (B)(I) optionally having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having up to about 18 carbon atoms, and (B)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound; said moieties (A) and (B) being coupled together b

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to a composition comprising:(A) at least 50% by weight of a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon having one or two carbon atoms; and(B) from about 9% to about 30% by weight of a phosphorus-containing lubricant composition comprising at least one compound characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups or hydrocarbyloxyalkylene groups and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together have from 2 to about 24 carbon atoms excluding any oxyalkylene carbon atoms; and Z is a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to about 18 carbon atoms.The present invention provides phosphorous-containing compositions which are compatible with fluorine-containing hydrocarbons used in refrigerators and air-conditioners, and are accordingly useful as refrigeration liquids in refrigerators and air-conditioners including auto, home, and industrial air-conditioners.

Abstract: A lubricant composition having improved viscosity index characteristics is described that comprises(A) at least one vegetable or synthetic triglyceride oil of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups having at least 60 percent monounsaturated character and containing from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms and further wherein an oleic acid moiety:linoleic acid moiety is from about 2 up to about 90 and(B) at least one mixed ester of a carboxy-containing interpolymer.Optionally, the composition may also contain(C) a synthetic ester base oil, and(D) an antioxidant.

Abstract: An overbased material is prepared in a liquid ester medium which is subject to saponification upon exposure to strong base, by preparing a mixture of an acidic material having at least about 8 carbon atoms in a volatile oleophilic medium which is substantially inert to base; adding to the mixture a stoichiometric excess of a metal base; adding to the mixture a gaseous acidic material under conditions to react with substantially all of the stoichiometric excess of the metal base; and adding the liquid ester medium to the resulting material.

Abstract: A deodorized polysulfide composition, comprising a major amount of polysulfide material and a minor but effective amount of a deodorizing composition comprising an oil-soluble tertiary alkanolamine of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently alkyl groups of about 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and a monohydric alkyl alcohol containing up to about 12 carbon atoms is disclosed.