Abstract: A method for synthesizing a verification language, and thereby enabling the verification language to be compiled into a target language. This method enables the underlying control structure of the verification language to be determined, and then used to map the dynamic behavior of the verification language onto the target language as part of a static framework. The process of synthesizing any type of verification language causes at least a portion of the implicit control structure of the software program to be constructed into the compiled output code, such that an additional scheduler or other type of runtime system may not be required. Therefore, the compiled output code should have a greater execution speed and should be operated more efficiently than the software programs which are written in the verification language itself.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to a biotechnological method for production of (3S,3?S) astaxanthin. In particular, the present invention relates to a peptide having a ?-C-4-oxygenase activity; a DNA segment coding for this peptide; an RNA segments coding for this peptide; a recombinant DNA molecule comprising a vector and the DNA segment; a host cell or organism containing the above described recombinant DNA molecule or DNA segment; and to a method of biotechnologically producing (3S,3?S) astaxanthin or a food additive containing (3S,3?S) astaxanthin, using the host.

Abstract: A juice extractor appliance, and a cutter disc therefor, the cutter disc being eccentrically mountable with respect to a feed tube for feeding food articles and being formed, on its surface facing feed tube, with a first group of blades in a circular region centrally of the cutter disc, and with a second group of blades in an outer peripheral region of the cutter disc around the central region. The first group of blades consist of two blades located on opposite sides of the central circular region and diametrically aligned with each other and with the center of the central circular region. The second group of blades consist of a plurality of lines of blades in the outer peripheral region extending tangentially to the center circular region.

Abstract: Various antenna arrangements are provided with active transmit and receive antenna elements for transmitting and receiving signals within a cellular communication system. Also presented are specific base station antenna systems and methods, and portions thereof, which improve and control specific characteristics and features of antenna systems including antenna beam patterns. In addition, method for the optimization of a cellular communications network is provided which exploits reverse-link, forward-link, and pilot signal information to optimize network operations.

Abstract: A method and device for providing anti-theft protection for an electrical device installed on a body, such as a vehicle, by fixing to the body an electrical chip having a unique identification number identifying the body, electrically connecting the electrical device to the electrical chip in a manner such that removal of the electrical device from the body automatically interrupts the electrical connection of the electrical device to the electrical chip, and disabling the operation of the electrical device whenever its electrical connection to the chip is interrupted.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device is disclosed, which includes a first element of porous crystalline material, a second element being attached to, or integrally formed with, the first element, and at least one electrode being in electrical contact with the first element, such that subjecting the first element to an electric potential via the at least one electrode results in a strain induced by the first element on the second element. Also disclosed is a piezooptic device which includes a first element of porous crystalline material, a second element being attached to, or integrally formed with, the first element, and a light source, such that subjecting the first element to light originating from the light source results in a strain induced by the first element on the second element.

Abstract: A system and a method for supporting e-commerce transactions in multiple currencies, in which the local currency of the buyer is different from the local currency of the vendor, such that the exchange between the currencies is hedged at the time of sale of the product. The system and method enable the buyer to receive a final price for the product before the transaction is performed. The system and method also provide a mechanism for the actual exchange between the currencies of the buyer and of the vendor, such that the aspects of the transaction regarding payment are fully supported. Preferably, online hedging of the currency transactions is performed, in order to reduce the risk involved with predetermination of prices.

Abstract: Oligonucleotides useful in the detection of a nucleic acid target sequence in a sample.

Abstract: A base station for a wireless communication system is capable of transmitting signals that match the polarization state of a mobile station by including an antenna arrangement having at least one set of transmit antenna elements and at least one set of receive antenna elements, a transformation mechanism having at least one antenna port coupled to the antenna arrangement and at least one beam port, and an adaptive measurement and control mechanism coupled to the transmit and receive antenna port signals and configured to measure and adaptively control attributes of the transmit and receive antenna port signals.

Abstract: Data processing apparatus is provided for evaluating answers to respective query items considered to be represented by respective points within a region of feature space, and the apparatus comprises an input (10) which receives such a query item. The region is subdivided into subregions according to at least first and second subdivisions. A subregion identifying portion (20) identifies, for each such subdivision of the region, which subregion of the subdivision contains the point representing the received query item. A partial answer retrieval portion (30) has access when the apparatus is in use to a store (40) of precalculated partial answers for at least some the subregions of the subdivisions, and retrieves from the store the partial answers for the or each identified subregion that is present in the store. An answer calculation portion (50) calculates an answer to the received query item based on the retrieved partial answers, and an output (60) outputs the calculated answer.

Abstract: A system manageable for peer to peer communication between subscribers, the system comprising: a) a subscriber end digital communication management device for managing digital communications with remote subscribers, the device comprising: an internal interface for interfacing with at least one subscriber electronic device, an IP address manager for formulating a request for an IP address corresponding to a user defined remote subscriber, submitting said request and recording a response thereto, and a packet addresser, associated with said IP address manager, for addressing data packets to said user defined remote subscriber using an IP address taken from said recorded response, and b) an Internet connection management device for receiving and processing said request, said device comprising: a database for storing user identification names of said subscribers in a first field and respective assigned user IP addresses in a second field, a database manager for determining assigned user IP addresses of ones of sa

Abstract: A hand-held input/control device designed and configured such that, when it is held by a user oriented with its operating surface facing away from the user, the user may view the operation of the manually operable control members deployed on that operating surface.

Abstract: Thickness measurement apparatus for measuring layer thicknesses on patterned areas of a semiconductor wafer, comprises: a spectrum analyzer for obtaining reflection data taken from a patterned area and obtaining therefrom a frequency spectrum, a peak detector for searching the spectrum to find peak frequencies within said spectrum, the search being restricted to regions corresponding to peak frequencies found in an earlier learning stage, a frequency filter, associated with the peak detector, for filtering the spectrum about said peak frequencies, and a maximum likelihood fitter for using parameters obtained in the learning stage to carry out maximum likelihood fitting of said filtered spectrum to obtain the desired layer thicknesses. By carrying out maximum likelihood fitting using parameters obtained beforehand in a high resolution non-real time learning stage, it is possible to provide high resolution results in real time.

Abstract: A satellite modem whose baseband modules can be implemented mostly in software running on a suitable processor such as a high speed digital signal processor (DSP). The modem includes a RF portion and a baseband portion. The digitized output of a matched filter is input to the baseband processing portion that consists of software executing on a DSP. The modem comprises an antenna coupled to an upconverter/downconverter. The upconverter/downconverter is coupled to a RF transceiver which functions to receive a transmit signal from a baseband transmitter module and generate a signal for input to the upconverter/downconverter. The RF transceiver also functions to receive a downconverted signal and output an IF signal for input to an IF module. The IF functions to generate I and Q outputs that are input to a digital baseband module. The baseband module can be implemented as software executing on a DSP. Also included in a technique of modulation wipe off wherein the effects of modulation are removed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus that provide proper identification of visual and neurological abilities related to defects in the neurological component of the brain, that improve visual and neurological performance, and that develop improved neural performance in the brain and nervous system. All of these methods are carried out over a communications network such as the Internet.

Abstract: A system for facilitating aggregate shopping is disclosed. The system comprises (a) a database server system being for maintaining at least one shoppers group, the at least one shoppers group being characterized by a designated product and conditions for purchasing the designated product; and (b) a plurality of user clients, being at a disposal of a plurality of users and being capable of communicating with the database server system, each of the plurality of user clients being for enabling a respective user thereof to join the at least one shoppers group, such that a user of the plurality of users is entitled to purchase the designated product under the conditions for purchasing the designated product upon joining the at least one shoppers group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus, systems, and methods utilizing cryogenic cooling in an angioplasty balloon catheter for treatment of arterial stenosis and prevention of restenosis. More particularly, the present invention relates to an angioplasty balloon catheter utilizing expansion of compressed gas to effect Joule-Thomson cooling of an angioplasty balloon, and optionally further incorporating external temperature sensors utilizable to identify a locus for treatment of arterial stenosis. The present invention further relates to angioplasty treatment systems incorporating such a catheter, and to cryogenic angioplasty methods for treating arterial stenosis and discouraging restenosis.

Abstract: A liquid-dispensing device is provided, which is simple in structure, has minimal space requirements, is operative with of a wide range of liquid consistencies, and is adapted for repeatedly dispensing a predetermined liquid volume from a liquid container. The device is particularly useful when contact between the liquid and the atmosphere is to be minimized, for example, when the liquid is a carbonated or naturally effervescent drink, fresh juice, or wines. Similarly, the device is useful when contact between the liquid and a user is to be avoided, for example, when the liquid is harsh or poisonous. The device is formed of common and easily available materials; it is inexpensive to produce and simple to operate. It is adapted for use with existing liquid containers, such as bottles, jerricans, beer kegs, or barrels, and makes pouring an easy task for anyone, and in particular, for children, the elderly, and people with disabilities.