Abstract: A shadow mask electrode for a line screen cathode ray tube comprises a formed metal sheet having an array of slot-like apertures therein. The apertures are disposed in parallel rows with the apertures elongated in the direction of the rows and separated from adjacent apertures in the same row by webs. An array of discrete surface cavities are provided as holes etched part way through the thickness of the mask. Each cavity is smaller than an aperture of the mask, is laterally spaced from the center-line of an aperture row opposite a web, and extends slightly into the web.

Abstract: An evacuated envelope has spaced, substantially parallel flat front and back walls. Along the front wall is a phosphor screen and along the back wall are electron beam guides for guiding beams of electrons along paths substantially parallel to the front wall. The beam guide includes a pair of spaced, parallel plates between which the beams pass and a plurality of aligned openings in the plates with the openings being arranged in rows extending along the paths of the beams. A gun structure which includes at least one cathode is provided at one end of the beam guide plates. The gun structure is adapted to generate the electrons and direct the electrons as beams between the beam guide plates. The beam guide plates have tabs extending from the one end toward the cathode with the tabs being positioned at the ends of the rows of the openings in the plates. The tabs are adapted to generate electrostatic fields which guide the beams from the cathode between the plates along the rows of the openings.

Abstract: The base comprises a tubular housing adapted to fit over the exhaust tubulation of an electron tube stem, and a wafer flange extending outwardly from the open end thereof. The flange is apertured to receive an array of conductors of the stem. A recess is provided in the wafer flange facing the stem and a passageway communicating therewith is provided through the base separate from the housing cavity for the purpose of injecting a dielectric material into the recess around some of the stem conductors. The passageway may, e.g., be through the flange or in the housing wall.A shoulder is provided on the recessed face of the wafer flange to provide relief for random protuberances on the periphery of the stem to permit non-tilted mounting of the base on the stem.

Abstract: When precision etching a succession of articles from a strip of metal having random variations in thickness and moving along a prescribed path, the thickness of the metal strip is monitored, and the etching step is adjusted in response to the monitored thickness to compensate for the thickness variations.

Abstract: An electron gun is controlled by a system which stores the characteristics of the gun in a random access memory. The contents of the memory feed an electron gun driver which properly biases the gun. The characteristics of the gun are stored in the memory by using a collector to sense the electron beam. A comparator is connected to the collector and a reference brightness signal generator. The output of the comparator controls the storage of the characteristics in the memory.

Abstract: An improvement for a transcalent semiconductor device includes a semiconductor ballast resistor in contact with the emitter regions of a semiconductor transistor. The semiconductor transistor with the ballast resistor in contact therewith is sandwiched between two closed heat pipes wherein one heat pipe is in thermal and electrical contact with the transistor and the other heat pipe is in thermal and electrical contact with the resistor.

Abstract: During low-voltage aging of a completely assembled cathode-ray tube, at least three voltage spikes at least three minutes apart are applied to the heater. Each spike has a voltage peak higher than the constant voltage applied to the heater during low voltage aging, and lasts for up to 120 seconds. This results in higher average emission levels and a reduced tendency of the emission levels to slump during emission testing of cathodes so processed.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes an electron gun having a distributed lens system which yields smaller spot sizes on a phosphor screen at intermediate and higher cathode currents when compared with prior art electrostatic lenses having similar diameters. The lens establishes an essentially exponentially increasing potential distribution along the electron beam path.

Abstract: The tube is improved by the shadow mask having an apertured active portion of parallel corrugations and integral corrugated skirt portions extending from the two opposite corrugated edges of the mask. In one embodiment, the skirt corrugations are equal in periodicity but of opposite phase to the mask corrugations.

Abstract: Cathode-ray tube has, for implosion protection, a first smooth-plastic-coated (preferably acrylic- or alkyd-coated) steel band laid directly on and encircling the glass panel, and a second smooth-plastic-coated steel band on the first band. Both bands are tensed to provide hoop compression in the glass panel of the tube. In some embodiments there may be a lubricating overcoating over the plastic coating and/or a short length of tape under the seal on the first band. Also, the forward edge of the first band may lie over the mold match line or up to 0.300 inch forward of the mold match line.

Abstract: Each beam of a multi-electron beam display device is controlled to achieve uniformity of the displayed image. A collector senses the electron current of each beam. The level of the electron current of each beam is stored in a memory. When a particular beam is to be modulated, the memory is addressed so that the electron current level information for that beam is read out. The stored information and the incoming image element brightness information are combined to modulate the particular electron beam.

Abstract: An insulating substrate is provided with a plurality of discrete electrode pads on a surface thereof. A thermionic line cathode, e.g., a directly heated filament, is positioned to one side of the substrate surface and extends across a surface of each one of the electrode pads. An apertured electrode is positioned in spaced relation to the cathode in a direction away from the surfaces of the electrode pads. The apertured electrode may include a single slit-shaped aperture or a plurality of colinear apertures. The structure may also include a pair of spaced parallel filter plates whose surfaces are disposed in parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of the line cathode and in orthogonal relation to the surfaces of the electrode pads. The filter plates function to collimate the electron flow emitted from the cathode.

Abstract: An evacuated envelope includes front and back walls and a plurality of spaced, parallel support walls between and perpendicular thereto. The support walls form therebetween a plurality of channels. In each of the channels is at least one beam guide which confines electrons injected into the guide in a beam which travels along the beam guide but permits selective deflection of the beam out of the guide toward a phosphor screen on the inner surface of the front wall. A gun structure extends across one end of the channels for generating electrons and directing the electrons into the beam guides. The gun structure includes a thermionic emissive cathode extending across the ends of the channels and support members at spaced points along the cathode which support the cathode within the envelope but allow movement of the cathode with respect to the support members as a result of expansion or contraction of the cathode.

Abstract: An evacuated envelope has a rectangular display section and a gun section at one edge of the display section. The display section includes front and back walls which are generally rectangular, in closed spaced, parallel relation, and a plurality of spaced, parallel support walls between the front and back walls forming a plurality of parallel channels. The gun section extends across one end of the channels and includes therein gun structure which will direct electrons into the channels. In each of the channels is a beam guide which confines the electrons in a beam and guides the beam along the length of the channel. The beam guide also includes means for selectively deflecting the electron beam out of the guide at selective points along the guide so that the beam will impinge upon a phosphor screen along the inner surface of the front wall.

Abstract: The effects of oscillations of an electron beam traveling down a beam guide may be cancelled out by periodic switching of the electrical fields which confine the electron beam in the guide. The changing of the electrical fields periodically alters the phase of the electron beam so as to produce a net phase cancellation over a period of time.

Abstract: Electronic device comprising an evacuated envelope containing a main thermionic cathode heated solely by energetic electrons emitted from an unheated auxiliary field-emission cathode.

Abstract: The process includes exposing a photosensitive coating on a surface of the faceplate panel of a tube with actinic radiation passed through a patterned screen master, developing the panel coating and then mounting a formed imperforate member to the panel. A photosensitive coating on the imperforate member is exposed with actinic radiation passed through a patterned color selection electrode master while the imperforate member is mounted to the panel. The imperforate member coating is then developed and the imperforate member is etched to form an apertured color selection electrode.

Abstract: An evacuated tube has a face plate and a tubular body with at least a portion of the body having a circular cross section. In the evacuated tube is an electron emissive electrode adapted to release electrons in response to impinging photons or photoelectrons, means for collecting the electrons and an anode. The electron emissive electrode is cup shaped, having an approximate circular top opening through which photons or photoelectrons enter to impinge on the electrode, a circular rim around the periphery of the top opening, and a side opening through which the electrons pass to exit from the electrode. The inside of the electrode is lined with electron emissive material.

Abstract: An electron discharge tube comprising a plenum having therein a photocathode, an anode, a plurality of spaced apart dynodes, each having an input aperture and an output aperture, the dynodes arranged so as to concatenate electron emissions from the photocathode to the anode, and a conductive mesh overlying each input aperture, is improved by providing non-uniform openings in the mesh whereby relatively greater electrostatic shielding is provided for the dynode surface proximate to the output aperture of a preceding dynode.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube with either a positive-or a negative tolerance viewing-screen structure comprises an evacuated envelope, a luminescent viewing screen within the envelope and means for exciting the screen to luminescence. The tube includes means, such as an apertured mask or a light-absorbing matrix, for selectively defining to the viewer an array of discrete excited areas in the screen which are noncircularly graded in size, with the largest areas in the central portion of the screen and the smallest areas in the peripheral portions of the screen.