Abstract: An ion source structure comprising a tubular anode having an ion exit opening, an insulating layer of alundum, boron nitride or epoxy resin on its surface, a screen supported by said layer and an extractor electrode mounted on the screen opposite the exit opening.

Abstract: A one-piece anode disc for a rotary anode X-ray tube is provided with a groove in the immediate vicinity of each side of the focal path to reduce thermal stresses in the path.

Abstract: The adaptive differential PCM transmission system uses a first-order prediction and a simple quantizing step-wise adaptation to improve signal-to-quantizing noise ratio.

Abstract: A shadow mask tube having phosphor regions with negative tolerance, and the intermediate spaces between the phosphor regions on the face plate being devoid of usual light-absorbing material and the aluminum layer.

Abstract: In a color cathode-ray tube, the neck of the tube comprises an assembly of three electron guns lying in one plane. The size of the assembly is reduced by using oval control electrodes the longer axes of which are perpendicular to the plane through the electron guns.

Abstract: Transmission system provided with two communication units in a closed electric circuit, each unit consisting of a driver circuit and a receiver circuit each provided with optically coupled isolators to secure said system from the disadvantageous influences due to a common-mode voltage between said units.

Abstract: A vertical radio-interferometer sector-definition system, using an array of aerial elements which are arranged in a vertical straight line and are symmetrically disposed about the center of the array, which is unaffected by ground-reflected indirect-path signals.If .theta. is the angle of arrival, by a direct path, of a signal and p is the ground reflection coefficient, then from a symmetrical pair of aerial elements is derived a product of two functions f.sub.1 (.theta.).f(p) and from another symmetrical pair is derived another product f.sub.2 (.theta.).f(p): division of one product by the other "cancels out" f(p) to provide a quotient signal which is a function of .theta. but not of p. Either or both product functions may be derived with or without the aid of a central element.

Abstract: A device utilizing an energy analyzer having two coaxial cylindrical electrodes, a coaxial ring-shaped detector comprising a large number of individual detector elements to provide information on the atomic structure of the surface layer.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube having three electron guns in one plane which are deflected by a self-converging deflection coil. In order to obtain circular electron spots, the tube includes an astigmatic electron lens which restricts the dimension of the electron spots perpendicular to this one plane.

Abstract: An amplitude modulation system having a modulation control circuit including a limiter for the modulation signal, a detector for deriving a DC contr0l signal from the unmodulated carrier, a first adjustable network connected to the detector to produce a signal applied to a modulation control circuit for adjusting depth of modulation, and an additional adjustable network connected between the detector and the modulator to produce a signal for adjusting the modulated carrier.

Abstract: A degaussing device for a color television display tube having three electron guns arranged in one horizontal plane and vertically directed phosphor strips on the display screen, comprising degaussing coils which envelop a major part of the conical surface of the tube and are arranged such as to generate a vertically directed magnetic field, and a capacitor connected parallel to the degaussing coils, the impedance of the capacitor being high at the frequency of the degaussing current and low at the frequency of the line deflection current.

Abstract: Multichannel generator for at will generating any one of a plurality of channel frequencies in the GHz band which are spaced from one another by equal channel distances. The multichannel generator is constituted by a frequency synthesis device which comprises two phase-locked loops which each comprise an oscillator, a divider adjustable in discrete steps and a phase detector to which a reference frequency is applied. The adjustable dividers keep in step. One of the oscillators is coupled via a fixed divider and a mixer stage to the adjustable frequency divider included in the relevant loop. The signal injected into the mixer stage is derived from the other oscillator. The influence of the fixed divider on the value of the channel spacing is avoided by a particular relationship between the reference frequencies supplied to the phase detectors.

Abstract: A microwave transmission-line circuit for a Doppler radar with direction sensing comprises a hybrid junction and four split-tee junctions of which two constitute power dividers and two constitute power combiners; the inputs of the two dividers are respectively connected to two ports of the hybrid junction, and the outputs of the dividers are connected to the combiners; the lengths of the interconnections of the split-tee junctions are such that two Doppler signals in phase quadrature can be respectively derived from the outputs of the combiners.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube having electrostatic focusing and electrostatic deflection lens which comprises three cylindrical electrode arranged along a common axis. The end electrodes are supplied by a high focusing voltage and the intermediate electrode is divided into at least three segments, each being supplied by a voltage which is a linear combination of a lower focusing voltage and of two deflection voltages.

Abstract: A diode ring mixer in which a coupling loop between two ferrite spheres is constructed as a double conductor. The coupling loops for the symmetrical input and symmetrical output are branched off in a coupling space halfway their line length.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrically conducting layer on an internal wall part of a cathode-ray tube wherein by the addition of an alkali or ammonium sulphate or nitrate to a suspension consisting of a conducting material and a binder, a suspension is obtained which, upon drying on the wall, provides a layer in which substantially no gas bubbles are formed during the firing of the tube.

Abstract: The display screen of a colour cathode ray tube comprises a line pattern of elongated phosphor regions. The elongate apertures in the shadow mask having the shape of an approximately spherical sector are arranged along curved lines which during the manufacture of the tube are aligned in one flat plane with the central axis of a linear light source located in the deflection region.

Abstract: A method of energizing an electroluminescent device including several in series connected elementary light sources at least two of which emit radiations of different wavelengths, comprising the steps of supplying the light sources with current pulses of different intensities and controlling the duration of the pulses so that each intensity is inversely proportional to the emitted light flux.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube of the shadow mask type for displaying coloured pictures. Colour defects are reduced to a considerable extent by minimizing the influencing as a result of temperature influences of the shape of the shadow mask by the frame in which said shadow mask is mounted by means of supporting means which are resilient in the radial direction.

Abstract: A horizon sensor for satellites comprising a mask with four sets of four openings one of which receives a projected portion of the earth-space transition line, another is in the form of a grating and the remaining two slit-shaped openings include each a detector on which a secondary image of the grating or of the transition are reflected by an oscillating concave spherical mirror to derive therefrom a digitized measuring signal indicating the position of the transition line.