Abstract: Reduced calorie, low moisture fat-containing foods such as potato chips having less waxiness and improved flavor display are disclosed. These benefits are typically obtained by applying to the surface of the potato chip, or other food, fat compositions having certain thixotropic areas that correlate to reduced waxiness impressions. These fat compositions comprise a nondigestible fat component, and optionally a digestible triglyceride fat or oil. The nondigestible fat component comprises a nondigestible oil and certain solid polyol fatty acid polyesters having ester groups consisting essentially of long chain (C.sub.14 or higher) saturated fatty acid radicals that bind such liquid oils and thus control or prevent passive oil loss.

Abstract: Roasted coffee granules are admixed with roasted coffee non-granules in critical weight ratios. The smaller coffee non-granules include flaked coffee, flaked coffee fines, ground coffee fines, and coffee agglomerates. The larger coffee granules include roast and ground coffee. The coffee granules and coffee non-granules are densified to between 0.41 to 0.56 grams/cc. The compact coffee has the flowability, flavor, aroma and strength of roast and ground coffee. At equal volumes, the compact coffee results in more brewed coffee than conventional roast and ground coffee.

Abstract: Temporary wet strength resins, and paper products containing same, having a molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 200,000, most preferably from about 30,000 to about 95,000, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: A is ##STR2## and X is --O--, --NH--, or --NCH.sub.3 --, and R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group; Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently --H, --CH.sub.3, or a halogen; W is a nonnucleophilic, water-soluble nitrogen heterocyclic moiety; and Q is a cationic monomeric unit. The mole percent of "a" ranges from about 30% to about 70%, preferably from about 45% to about 55%; the mole percent of "b" ranges from about 30% to about 70%, preferably from about 45% to about 55%; and the mole percent of "c" ranges from about 1% to about 40%, most perferably from about 2% to about 8%.

Abstract: Cholestyramine and polyol polyesters are administered orally to reduce blood cholesterol levels.

Abstract: Provided for use in paper products are temporary wet strength resins having a molecular weight of from about 40,000 to about 400,000, most preferably from about 120,000 to about 210,000, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: A is ##STR2## and X is --O--, --NH--, or --NCH.sub.3 --, and R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group; Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently --H, --CH.sub.3, or a halogen; W is a nonucleophilic, aliphatic amide; Q is a cationic monomer unit. The mole percent of "a" ranges from about 1% to about 70%; the mole percent of "b" ranges from about 10% to about 90%; and the mole percent of "c" ranges from about 1% to about 40%.

Abstract: Shelf-stable/biodegradable fabric softening compositions are provided comprising mixtures of a quarternary ammonium salt containing at least one ester linkage, a linear alkoxylated alcohol, and a liquid carrier. These biodegradable compositions have improved product stability and dispersability, as well as excellent fabric softening characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to absorbent structures and absorbent gelling agent compositions suitable for use in disposable absorbent articles such as diapers, incontinence products and catamenial products. The absorbent structures comprise hydrophilic fiber material and nonfragile particles of polymeric gelling agent. The gelling agent particles incorporated into such structures are selected to have a mass median particle size ranging from about 400 to 700 microns, with the amounts of very large and very small particles kept below certain minimum concentrations. Absorbent structures utilizing gelling agent particles of such particle size characteristics possess unexpectedly high absorbent capacities and the gelling agent therein can be utilized very efficiently and effectively.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising anaerobe-selective antibacterial agents which are substituted or unsubstituted, 1,12-dodecanedioic peroxy acids, or their pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or esters. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are especially suitable for oral administration in the form of mouth rinses and toothpastes. These anaerobe-selective antibacterial compositions are useful for treating or preventing anaerobic bacterial infections, especially diseases of the oral cavity, in humans or lower animals.The present invention further relates to a method for treating or preventing anaerobic bacterial infections such as acne, and especially diseases of the oral cavity such as gingivitis and periodontal disease, in humans or lower animals.

Abstract: Temporary wet strength resins having a molecular weight of from about 40,000 to about 400,000, most preferably from about 120,000 to about 210,000, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: A is ##STR2## and X is --O--, --NH--, OR --NCH.sub.3 --, and R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group; Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently --H, --CH.sub.3, or a halogen; W is a nonnucleophilic, aliphatic amide; Q is a cationic monomeric unit. The mole percent of "a" ranges from about 1% to about 70%, the mole percent of "b" ranges from about 10% to about 90%; and the mole percent of "c" ranges from about 1% to about 40%.

Abstract: A large group of lipophilic, pharmacologically active compounds can be effectively delivered across intact skin by applying them topically in a binary, penetration-enhancing vehicle containing (1) a C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 diol, diol ester, or diol ether and (2) a cell envelope-disordering compound. This vehicle provides surprising enhancement of skin penetration for the pharmacological active, compared to either component alone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved processes for selectively chlorinating acyl compounds at the alpha or 2-position. The process of the present invention comprises a method of producing alpha-chloro acyl chlorides comprising contacting an acyl chloride with a chlorine source at a temperature of about 75.degree. C. to about 125.degree. C. in the presence of (i) an effective amount of an auxiliary acidic agent and (ii) an effective amount of a food grade antioxidant and optionally (iii) an effective amount of oxygen or air.

Abstract: The present invention provides absorbent articles, such as disposable diapers, which utilize a particular type of stiffened cellulose fibers and a particlar type and form of polymeric gelling agent particles to enhance the absorbency characteristics of such articles. In these articles, the gelling agent material, combined in particulate form of a certain size with stiffened cellulose fiber material, is primarily placed in a lower fluid storage layer of the absorbent core of the article. Such a fluid storage lower layer of the absorbent core is placed underneath an upper, generally larger, fluid acquisition/distribution layer which also contains stiffened cellulose fibers and gelling agent particles of a certain size. This lower fluid storage layer is generally positioned toward the front of the absorbent article. Absorbent articles of this type can be fashioned into especially thin, compact, nonbulky diapers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to absorbent web structures suitable for incorporation into absorbent articles such as sanitary napkins, diapers, incontinent devices, training pants and the like. Such structures comprised webs of entangled melt blown microfibers which are prepared from a particular type of hydrophilic nylon copolymer. Preferred hydrophilic cylon microfiber-based webs also contain staple fibers and/or particles of hydrogel-forming polymeric gelling agent. Web structures containing hydrophilic nylon microfibers have specially desirable comfort, integrity and fluid handling characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite absorbent structures suitable for incorporation into absorbent articles such as sanitary napkins, diapers, incontinent devices, training pants and the like. Such structures comprise webs of entangled blown microfibers, substantially nonabsorbent crimped staple fibers, a fluid control system comprising hydrophilic particulate entities and also optionally containing certain types of hydrogel-forming polymeric gelling agent particles, and a hydrophilizing agent. Such composite web structures of this construction have especially desirable comfort, integrity and fluid handling characteristics.

Abstract: Absorbent articles containing both an acidic buffering agent and a non-toxic, non-irritating, non-volatile antimicrobial agent are disclosed. The acidic buffering agent is preferably also an absorbent gelling agent which can imbibe aqueous body fluids in addition to acting as a buffer. Such articles are especially suitable for maintaining the pH of urine and feces discharged into the article at value below about 7.5. This in turn helps to prevent or reduce diaper rash and control odor caused by the production of ammonia.

Abstract: Shelf-stable biodegradable fabric softening compositions are provided comprising mixtures of a quaternized ester-ammonium softening compound having the formula ##STR1## and mixtures thereof, wherein each R substituent is independently selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl groups, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.14 -C.sub.22 hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.13 -C.sub.21 hydrocarbyl group, and A.sup.- is a softener compatible anion; and a liquid carrier. These biodegradable compositions have improved product stability and dispersability, as well as excellent fabric softening characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to absorbent structures in which hydrogel has improved ability to absorb salt-containing fluids due to inclusion within the absorbent structures of fibrous anion exchange materials. The absorbent structures of the present invention comprise hydrogel and fibrous anion exchange material (e.g., DEAE cellulose), and, optionally, fibrous cation exchange materials and/or conventional absorbent materials; said absorbent structures having an equilibrium pH of from about 5 to about 11. The present invention further relates to disposable absorbent products (e.g., diapers, incontinent pads, sanitary napkins) which comprise absorbent structures of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid fabric softening and antistatic compositions which contain mono-ester analogs of ditallow, dimethyl ammonium chloride type compounds as the active softening/antistatic agent. Such compositions have the active component dispersed as submicron particles in a liquid carrier. The pH of the compositions is maintained at 3.0.+-.0.5, and the compositions are kept substantially free of amines in order to enhance the hydrolytic stability of the quaternary active.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising anaerobe-selective antibacterial agents which are substituted or unsubstituted 1,12-dodecanedioic peroxy acids, or their pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or esters. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are especially suitable for oral administration in the form of mouth rinses and toothpastes. These anaerobe-selective antibacterial compositions are useful for treating or preventing anaerobic bacterial infections, especially diseases of the oral cavity, in humans or lower animals.The present invention further relates to a method for treating or preventing anaerobic bacterial infections such as acne, and especially diseases of the oral cavity such as gingivitis and periodontal disease, in humans or lower animals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing fabric softening compositions containing quarternized di-esters or di-isopropanol amines. When formulated using the disclosed procedure, including the use of narrowly-defined pH and temperature ranges, the resulting compositions are both biodegradable and storage stable.